Can face recognition really be dissociated from object recognition?

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 349-370

  Gauthler, Isabel ^a   Behrmann, Marlene ^b   Tarr, Michael J ^b  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; CASE REPORT; CONTROLLED STUDY; FACE; HUMAN; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; OBJECT RELATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSOPAGNOSIA; RECOGNITION; RESPONSE TIME; SIGNAL DETECTION; TASK PERFORMANCE; VISUAL DISCRIMINATION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGNOSIA; DECISION MAKING; FACE; FEMALE; FORM PERCEPTION; HUMANS; MALE; PATTERN RECOGNITION, VISUAL; REACTION TIME; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SPACE PERCEPTION;

EID: 0032819793     PISSN: 0898929X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/089892999563472     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. Allison, T., Ginter, H., McCarthy, G., Nobre, A., Puce, A., Luby, M., & Spencer, D. D. (1994). Face recognition in human extrastriate cortex. Journal of Neurophystology, 71, 821-825.
2. Arguin, M., Bub, D., & Dudek, G. (1996). Shape integration for visual object recognition and its implication in category-specific visual agnosia. Visual Cognition, 3, 221-275.
3. Assal, G., Favre, C., & Anderes, J. P. (1984). Non-reconnaissance d'animaux familiers chez un paysan. Revue Neurologique, 140, 580-584.
4. Behrmann, Gauthier, & Tarr. Unpublished results.
5. Behrmann, M., Moscovitch, M., & Winocur, G. (1994). Intact visual imagery and impaired visual perception in a patient with visual agnosia. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 30, 1068-1087.
6. Bentley, W. A., & Humphrey, W. J. (1962). Snow crystals. New York: Dover
7. Benton, A. L., & Allen, M. W. van. (1972). Prosopagnosia and facial discrimination. Journal of the Neurological Sciences (Amsterdam), 15, 167-172.
8. Benton, A. L., Sivan, A. B., Hamsher, K., Varney, N. R., & Spreen, O. (1983). Contributions to neuropsychological assessment (2nd ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
9. Black, S. E., Vu, B., Martin, D., & Szalai, J. P. (1990). Evaluation of battery for hemispatial neglect in acute stroke. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 12, 102 (abstract).
10. Blanc-Garin, J. (1986). Faces and non-faces in prosopagnosic patients. In H. D. Ellis, M. A. Jeeves, F. Newcombe, & A. Young (Eds.), Aspects of face processing (pp. 273-278). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff.
11. Bornstein, B., Sroka, H., & Munitz, H. (1969). Prosopagnosia with animal face agnosia. Cortex, 5, 164-171.
12. Bruce, V., & Humphreys, G. (1994). Recognizing faces and objects. Visual Cognition, 1, 141-180.
13. Bruyer, R., & Crispeels, G. (1992). Expertise in person recognition. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 30, 501-504.
14. Bruyer, R., Laterre, C., Seron, X., Feyereisen, P., Strypstein, E., Piercard, E., & Rectem, D. (1983). A case of prosopagnosia with some preserved covert remembrance of familiar faces. Brain and Cognition, 2, 257-284.
15. Carey, S., & Diamond, R. (1994). Are faces perceived as configurations more by adults than by children? Visual Cognition, 1, 253-274.
16. Choisser, B. (1996). Bill's face blindness pages. http://www.slip.net/Ïkenney/faceblnd/intro.html.
17. Damasio, A. R. (1985). Prosopagnosia. Trends in Neurosciences, 8, 132-135.
18. Damasio, A. R. (1990). Category-related recognition defects as a clue to the neural substrates of knowledge. Trends in Neurosciences, 13, 95-98.
19. Davidoff, J. B., Matthews, W. B., & Newcombe, F. (1986). Observations on a case of prosopagnosia. In H. D. Ellis, M. A. Jeeves, F. Newcombe, & A. Young (Eds.), Aspects of face processing (pp. 279-290). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff.
20. De Renzi, E. (1986). Current issues on prosopagnosia. In H. D. Ellis, M. A. Jeeves, F. Newcombe, & A. Young (Eds.), Aspects of face processing (pp. 243-252). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff.
21. Diamond, R., & Carey, S. (1986). Why faces are and are not special: An effect of expertise. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115, 107-117.
22. Donaldson, W. (1992) Measuring recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 121, 275-277.
23. Dunn, J. D., & Kirsner, K. (1988). Discovering functionally independent mental processes: The principle of reversed association. Psychological Review, 95, 91-101.
24. Ellis, A. W. (1987). Intimations of modularity, or the modelarity of mind: Doing cognitive neuropsychology without syndromes. In M. Coltheart, G. Sartori, & R. Job (Eds.), The cognitive neuropsychology of language (pp. 397-408). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
25. Farah, M. J. (1990). Visual agnosia: Disorders of object recognition and what they tell us about normal vision. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
26. Farah, M. J. (1994). Neuropsychological inference with an interactive brain: A critique of the "locality" assumption. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 17, 43-104.
27. Farah, M. J., Levinson, K. L., & Klein, K. (1995). Face perception and within-category discrimination in prosopagnosia. Neuropsychologia, 33, 661-674.
28. Farah, M. J., Wilson, K. D., Drain, H. M., & Tanaka, J. W. (1995). The inverted face inversion effect in prosopagnosia: Evidence for mandatory, face-specific perceptual mechanisms. Vision Research, 35, 2089-2093.
29. Gauthier, I., Anderson, A. W., Tarr, M. J., Skudlarski, P., & Gore, J. C. (1997). Levels of categorizations in visual object studied with functional MRI. Current Biology, 7, 645-651.
30. Gauthier, I., & Tarr, M. J. (1997). Becoming a "Greeble" expert: Exploring the face recognition mechanism. Vision Research, 37, 1673-1682.
31. Gauthier, I., Tarr, M. J., Anderson, A., Skudlarski, P., & Gore, J. (1999). Activation of the middle fusiform "face area" increases with expertise in recognizing novel objects. Nature Neuroscience, 2, 568-573.
32. Gauthier, I., Tarr, M. J., Moylan J., Anderson, A., & Gore, J. (in press). The functionally-defined "face area" is engaged by subordinate-level recognition. Cognitive Neuropsychology.
33. Gauthier, I., Williams, P., Tarr, M. J., & Tanaka, J. W. (1998). Training "Greeble" experts: A framework for studying expert object recognition processes. Vision Research, 38, 2401-2428.
34. Gelder, B. de, Bachoud-Lévi, A.-C., & Degos, J.-D. (1998). Inversion superiority in visual agnosia may be common to a variety of orientation-polarized objects besides faces. Vision Research, 38, 2855-2861.
35. Goodglass, H., Kaplan, E., & Weintraub, S. (1983). Boston naming test. New York: Lea and Febiger.
36. Green, D. M., & Swets, J. A. (1966). Signal detection theory and psychophysics. New York: Wiley.
37. Gross, C. G., Roche-Miranda, G. E., & Bender, D. B. (1972). Visual properties of neurons in the inferotemporal cortex of the macaque. Journal of Neurophysiology, 35, 96-111.
38. Hamm, J. P., & McMullen, P. A. (1998). Effects of orientation on the identification of rotated objects depend on the level of identity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24, 413-426.
39. Haxby, J. V., Horwitz, B., Ungerleider, L. B., Maisog, J. M., Pietrini, P., & Grady, C. L. (1994). The functional organization of human extrastriate cortex: A PET-RCBF study of selective attention to faces and locations. Journal of Neuroscience, 14, 6336-6353.
40. Ishai, A., Ungerleider, L. G., Martin, A., Maisog, J. M., & Haxby, J. V. (1997). fMRI reveals differential activation in the ventral object vision pathway during the perception of faces, houses, and chairs. Neuroimage, 5, S149.
41. Jolicoeur, P., Gluck, M., & Kosslyn, S. M. (1984). Pictures and names: Making the connection. Cognitive Psychology, 16, 243-275.
42. Kanwisher, N., McDermott, J., & Chun, M. M. (1996). A module for the visual representation of faces. Neuroimage, 3, S361.
43. Kanwisher, N., McDermott, J., & Chun, M. M. (1997). The fusiform face area: A module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception. Journal of Neuroscience, 17, 4302-4311.
44. Kosslyn, S. M., Hamilton, S. E., & Bernstein, J. H. (1995). The perception of curvature can be selectively disrupted in prosopagnosia. Brain & Cognition, 27, 36-58.
45. Levine, D. N., & Calvanio, R. (1989). Prosopagnosia: A defect in visual configural processing. Brain & Cognition, 10, 149-170.
46. Logothetis, N. K., & Sheinberg, D. L. (1996). Visual object recognition. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 19, 577-621.
47. McCarthy, G., Puce, A., Gore, J., & Allison, T. (1997). Face-specific processing in the fusiform gyrus. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9, 605-610.
48. McNeil, J. E., & Warrington, E. K. (1991) Prosopagnosia: A reclassification. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 43A, 267-287.
49. McNeil, J. E., & Warrington, E. K. (1993). Prosopagnosia: A face-specific disorder. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 46A, 1-10.
50. McNicoll, D. (1972). A primer in signal detection theory. London: Allen and Unwin.
51. Mesulam, M. M. (Ed.). (1985). Principles of behavioral neurology. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
52. Moscovitch, M., Winocur, G., & Behrmann, M. (1997). What is special in face recognition? Nineteen experiments on a person with visual object agnosia and dyslexia but normal face recognition. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9, 555-604.
53. Naor, G., Tarr, M. J., Heindel, W., & Gauthier, I. (1998). Sensitivity to visual similarity in Alzheimer's disease (Technical Report). Brown University.
54. Newell, F. (1998). Stimulus context and view dependence in object recognition. Perception, 27, 47-68.
55. Perrett, D. I., Oram, M. W., Harries, M. H., Bevan, R., Hietanen, I. K., Beason, P. J., & Thomas, S. (1991). Viewer-centered and object-centered coding of heads in the macaque temporal cortex. Experimental Brain Research, 86, 150-175.
56. Phillips, R. (1972). Why are faces hard to recognize in photographic negative? Perception & Psychophysics, 12, 425-426.
57. Plaut, D. C. (1995). Double dissociation without modularity: Evidence from connectionist neuropsychology. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 17, 291-321.
58. Puce, A., Allison, T., Asgari, M., Gore, J. C., & McCarthy, G. (1996). Face-sensitive regions in human extrastriate cortex studied by functional MRI. Neurophysiology, 74, 1192-1199.
59. Puce, A., Allison, T., Gore, J. C., & McCarthy, G. (1995). Differential sensitivity of human visual cortex to faces, letter strings, and textures: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neurophysiology, 74, 1192-1199.
60. Puce, A., Allison, T., Spencer, S. S., Spencer, D. D., & McCarthy, G. (1997). Comparisons of cortical activation evoked by faces by intracranial field potentials and functional MRI: Two case studies. Human Brain Mapping, 5, 298-305.
61. Rentschler, I., Treutwein, B., & Landis, T. (1994). Dissociation of local and global processing in visual agnosia. Vision Research, 34, 963-971.
62. Rhodes, G. (1988). Looking at faces: First-order and second-order features as determinants of facial appearance. Perception, 17, 43-63.
63. Rhodes, G., Brake, S., & Atkinson, A. P. (1993). What's lost in inverted faces? Cognition, 47, 25-57.
64. Rhodes, G., Brennan, S., & Carey, S. (1987). Identification and ratings of caricatures: Implications for mental representations of faces. Cognitive Psychology, 19, 473-497.
65. Rhodes, G., & McLean, I. G. (1990). Distinctiveness and expertise effects with homogeneous stimuli: Towards a model of configurai coding. Perception, 19, 773-794.
66. Riddoch, M. J., & Humphreys, G. W. (1993). Birmingham object recognition battery. Hove, UK: Erlbaum.
67. Rosch, E. (1978). Principles of categorization. In E. Rosch & B. B. Lloyd (Eds.), Cognition and categorization (pp. 27-48). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
68. Rosch, E., Mervis, C. B., Gray, W. D., Johnson, D. M., & Boyes-Braem, P (1976). Basic objects in natural categories. Cognitive Psychology, 8, 382-439.
69. Sergent, J., Ohta, S., & MacDonald, H. (1992). Functional neuroanatomy of face and object processing. Brain, 115, 15-36.
70. Sergent, J., & Signoret, J.-L. (1992a). Functional and anatomical decomposition of face processing: Evidence from prosopagnosia and PET study of normal subjects. Philosophical Transactions, Royal Society of London, B., 335, 55-62.
71. Sergent, J., & Signoret, J.-L. (1992b). Varieties of functional deficits in prosopagnosia. Cerebral Cortex, 2, 375-388.
72. Shallice, T. (1988). From neuropsychology to mental structure. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
73. Snodgrass, S. G., & Vanderwart, M. A. (1980). A standardized set of 260 pictures: Norms for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity and visual complexity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 6, 171-215.
74. Stevens, S. S. (1966), A metric for the social consensus. Science, 151, 530-541.
75. Suzuki, S., Peterson, M. A., Moscovitch, M., & Behrmann, M. (1997). Viewpoint specificity in the identification of simple volumetric objects (geons) is evident in control subjects and very exaggerated in visual object agnosia. Fourth Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society. Boston, MA.
76. Tanaka, J. W., & Farah, M. J. (1993). Parts and wholes in face recognition. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: 46A, 225-245.
77. Tanaka, J. W., & Gauthier, I. (1997). Expertise in object and face recognition. In R. L. Goldstone, P. G. Schyns, & D. L. Medin (Eds.), Psychology of learning and motivation (vol. 36, pp. 83-125). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
78. Tanaka, J. W., & Taylor, M. (1991). Object categories and expertise: Is the basic level in the eye of the beholder? Cognitive Psychology, 23, 457-482.
79. Tranel, D., & Damasio, A. R. (1985). Knowledge without awareness: An autonomic index of facial recognition by prosopagnosics. Science, 228, 1453-1454.
80. Tzavaras, A., Hécaen, H., & Bras, H. L. (1970). Le problème de la specificitè du deficit de la reconaissance du visage humain lors des lésions hemispheriques unilatérales. Neuropsychologia, 8, 403-416.
81. Warrington, E. K., & James, M. (1991). The visual objects and space perception battery. Suffolk, UK: Thames Valley Test Company.
82. Weiskrantz, L. (1969). Some traps and pontifications. In L. Weiskrantz (Ed.), Analysis of behavioral change (pp. 415-429). New York: Harper & Row.
83. Whiteley, A. M., & Warrington, E. K. (1977). Prosopagnosia: A clinical, psychological, and anatomical study of three patients. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 40, 395-403.
84. Williams, R., & Behrmann, M. (1998). Acquisition and recognition of novel entry-level object categories in prosopagnosic patients. Sixty-ninth Annual Meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, Boston, MA.
85. Yamane, S., Kaji, S., & Kawano, K. (1988). What facial features activate face neurons in the interotemporal cortex of the monkey. Experimental Brain Research, 73, 209-214.
86. Yin, R. K. (1969). Looking at upside-down faces. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81, 141-145.
87. Young, A. W. (1992). Face recognition impairments. Philosophical Transactions, Royal Society of London, B., 335, 47-54.
88. Young, A. W., Hellawell, D., & May, D. (1987). Configural information in face perception. Perception, 10, 747-759.