메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 9, 1999, Pages 1605-1629

Quality-adjusted life-years and other health indices: A comparative analysis

Author keywords

DALY; DFLE; HALE; Health index; Health economic evaluation; QALY

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; HEALTH STATUS; LIFE EXPECTANCY; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; QUALITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEAR; QUALITY OF LIFE;

EID: 0032818122     PISSN: 01492918     EISSN: 1879114X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0149-2918(00)80015-6     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (10)

References (92)
  • 2
    • 0029865134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating treatment benefits for the elderly: The effect of competing risks
    • Welch HG, Albertsen PC, Nease RF, et al. Estimating treatment benefits for the elderly: The effect of competing risks. Ann Intern Med. 1996;124:577-584.
    • (1996) Ann Intern Med , vol.124 , pp. 577-584
    • Welch, H.G.1    Albertsen, P.C.2    Nease, R.F.3
  • 3
    • 0003367320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An investor's look at life-saving opportunities
    • Graham JD. An investor's look at life-saving opportunities. Risk Perspective. 1999;7:1-4.
    • (1999) Risk Perspective , vol.7 , pp. 1-4
    • Graham, J.D.1
  • 4
    • 0027998174 scopus 로고
    • The meaning of life expectancy: What is a clinically significant gain?
    • Naimark D, Naglic G, Detsky AS. The meaning of life expectancy: What is a clinically significant gain? J Gen Intern Med. 1994;9:702-707.
    • (1994) J Gen Intern Med , vol.9 , pp. 702-707
    • Naimark, D.1    Naglic, G.2    Detsky, A.S.3
  • 5
    • 0032491032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gains in life expectancy from medical interventions - Standardizing data on outcomes
    • Wright JC, Weinstein MC. Gains in life expectancy from medical interventions-standardizing data on outcomes. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:380-386.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 380-386
    • Wright, J.C.1    Weinstein, M.C.2
  • 6
    • 0029932738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the value of changes in life expectancy
    • Johansson PO. On the value of changes in life expectancy. J Health Econ. 1996;15:105-113.
    • (1996) J Health Econ , vol.15 , pp. 105-113
    • Johansson, P.O.1
  • 7
    • 0025763810 scopus 로고
    • Competing risks in mortality analysis
    • Chiang CL. Competing risks in mortality analysis. Annu Rev Public Health. 1991;12:281-307.
    • (1991) Annu Rev Public Health , vol.12 , pp. 281-307
    • Chiang, C.L.1
  • 8
    • 85030369055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed May 18, 1999
    • Discover how to lower your age. Available at: http://www.realage.com. Accessed May 18, 1999.
    • Discover How to Lower Your Age
  • 9
    • 0032564698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gains in life expectancy from medical interventions
    • Letter
    • Roizen MF, Roach K. Gains in life expectancy from medical interventions. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:1943. Letter.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 1943
    • Roizen, M.F.1    Roach, K.2
  • 10
    • 0030770150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the future impact of disease on society: Life table-based measures of potential life lost
    • Lee WC. Quantifying the future impact of disease on society: Life table-based measures of potential life lost. Am J Public Health. 1997;87:1456-1460.
    • (1997) Am J Public Health , vol.87 , pp. 1456-1460
    • Lee, W.C.1
  • 11
    • 0024986325 scopus 로고
    • Years of potential life lost (YPLL) - What does it measure?
    • Gardner JW, Sanborn JS. Years of potential life lost (YPLL)-what does it measure? Epidemiology. 1990;1:322-329.
    • (1990) Epidemiology , vol.1 , pp. 322-329
    • Gardner, J.W.1    Sanborn, J.S.2
  • 12
    • 0029004280 scopus 로고
    • Potential years of life lost: What is the denominator?
    • Marlow AK. Potential years of life lost: What is the denominator? J Epidemiol Community Health. 1995;49:320-322.
    • (1995) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.49 , pp. 320-322
    • Marlow, A.K.1
  • 13
    • 0027172577 scopus 로고
    • Disability and the years of potential productivity lost: Modifying the years of potential life lost and the investment-production-consumer model by disability level
    • Linn S, Sheps S. Disability and the years of potential productivity lost: Modifying the years of potential life lost and the investment-production-consumer model by disability level. Epidemiology. 1993;4:449-454.
    • (1993) Epidemiology , vol.4 , pp. 449-454
    • Linn, S.1    Sheps, S.2
  • 14
    • 0001052659 scopus 로고
    • Measuring community health levels
    • Sanders BS. Measuring community health levels. Am J Public Health. 1964;54:1062-1070.
    • (1964) Am J Public Health , vol.54 , pp. 1062-1070
    • Sanders, B.S.1
  • 15
    • 0027302509 scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing health expectancies and health-adjusted life expectancies from quality-adjusted life years
    • Robine JM, Mathers CD, Bucquet D. Distinguishing health expectancies and health-adjusted life expectancies from quality-adjusted life years. Am J Public Health. 1993;83:797-798.
    • (1993) Am J Public Health , vol.83 , pp. 797-798
    • Robine, J.M.1    Mathers, C.D.2    Bucquet, D.3
  • 16
    • 0026019272 scopus 로고
    • Healthy life expectancy: Evaluation of global indicator of change in population health
    • Robine JM, Ritchie K. Healthy life expectancy: Evaluation of global indicator of change in population health. Br Med J. 1991;302:457-460.
    • (1991) Br Med J , vol.302 , pp. 457-460
    • Robine, J.M.1    Ritchie, K.2
  • 17
    • 0020955745 scopus 로고
    • Potential gains in life expectancy free of disability: A tool for health planning
    • Colvez A, Blanchet M. Potential gains in life expectancy free of disability: A tool for health planning. Int J Epidemiol. 1983;12:224-229.
    • (1983) Int J Epidemiol , vol.12 , pp. 224-229
    • Colvez, A.1    Blanchet, M.2
  • 18
    • 0015040543 scopus 로고
    • A single index of mortality and morbidity
    • Sullivan DF. A single index of mortality and morbidity. HSMHA Health Rep. 1971;86:347-354.
    • (1971) HSMHA Health Rep , vol.86 , pp. 347-354
    • Sullivan, D.F.1
  • 19
    • 0027218952 scopus 로고
    • Tacit models of disability underlying health status instruments
    • Ziebland S, Fitzpatrick R, Jenkinson C. Tacit models of disability underlying health status instruments. Soc Sci Med. 1993;37:69-75.
    • (1993) Soc Sci Med , vol.37 , pp. 69-75
    • Ziebland, S.1    Fitzpatrick, R.2    Jenkinson, C.3
  • 20
    • 0030993987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health expectancy by level of education in Finland
    • Valkonen T, Sihvonen AP, Lahelma E. Health expectancy by level of education in Finland. Soc Sci Med. 1997;44: 801-808.
    • (1997) Soc Sci Med , vol.44 , pp. 801-808
    • Valkonen, T.1    Sihvonen, A.P.2    Lahelma, E.3
  • 21
    • 0004154319 scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. Publication 1000, Series 2, No. 42
    • Sullivan DF. Disability Components for an Index of Health. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 1971. Publication 1000, Series 2, No. 42.
    • (1971) Disability Components for an Index of Health
    • Sullivan, D.F.1
  • 22
    • 0030617656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health expectancy calculations: A novel approach to studying population health in Bulgaria
    • Mutafova M, van de Water HPA, Perenboom RJM, et al. Health expectancy calculations: A novel approach to studying population health in Bulgaria. Bull WHO. 1997;75:147-153.
    • (1997) Bull WHO , vol.75 , pp. 147-153
    • Mutafova, M.1    Van de Water, H.P.A.2    Perenboom, R.J.M.3
  • 23
    • 0015752952 scopus 로고
    • Methods for measuring levels of well-being for a health status index
    • Patrick DL, Bush JW, Chen MM. Methods for measuring levels of well-being for a health status index. Health Serv Res. 1973;8:229-244.
    • (1973) Health Serv Res , vol.8 , pp. 229-244
    • Patrick, D.L.1    Bush, J.W.2    Chen, M.M.3
  • 24
    • 0003003304 scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness using a health status index: Analysis of the New York State PKU screening program
    • Berg R, ed. Chicago: Hospital Research and Educational Trust
    • Bush JW, Chen M, Patrick DL. Cost-effectiveness using a health status index: Analysis of the New York State PKU screening program. In: Berg R, ed. Health Status Index. Chicago: Hospital Research and Educational Trust; 1983:172-208.
    • (1983) Health Status Index , pp. 172-208
    • Bush, J.W.1    Chen, M.2    Patrick, D.L.3
  • 25
    • 0009693144 scopus 로고
    • Social indicators for health planning and policy analysis
    • Chen M, Bush JW, Patrick DL. Social indicators for health planning and policy analysis. Pol Sci. 1975;6:71-89.
    • (1975) Pol Sci , vol.6 , pp. 71-89
    • Chen, M.1    Bush, J.W.2    Patrick, D.L.3
  • 27
    • 0017347943 scopus 로고
    • Foundations of cost-effectiveness analysis for health and medical practices
    • Weinstein MC, Stason WB. Foundations of cost-effectiveness analysis for health and medical practices. N Engl J Med. 1977;296:716-721.
    • (1977) N Engl J Med , vol.296 , pp. 716-721
    • Weinstein, M.C.1    Stason, W.B.2
  • 33
    • 0001657123 scopus 로고
    • QALYs in health outcomes research: Representation of real preferences or another numerical abstraction?
    • Pathak DS. QALYs in health outcomes research: Representation of real preferences or another numerical abstraction? J Res Pharm Econ. 1995;6:3-27.
    • (1995) J Res Pharm Econ , vol.6 , pp. 3-27
    • Pathak, D.S.1
  • 34
    • 0024510467 scopus 로고
    • Quality-adjusted life years, utility theory, and healthy-years equivalents
    • Mehrez A, Gafni A. Quality-adjusted life years, utility theory, and healthy-years equivalents. Med Decis Mak. 1989;9:142-149.
    • (1989) Med Decis Mak , vol.9 , pp. 142-149
    • Mehrez, A.1    Gafni, A.2
  • 35
    • 0024561397 scopus 로고
    • The use of QALYs in health care decision making
    • Loomes G, McKenzie L. The use of QALYs in health care decision making. Soc Sci Med. 1989;28:299-308.
    • (1989) Soc Sci Med , vol.28 , pp. 299-308
    • Loomes, G.1    McKenzie, L.2
  • 36
    • 0020281894 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes toward quality of survival: The concept of maximal endurable time
    • Sutherland HJ, Llewellyn-Thomas H, Boyd NF, Till JE. Attitudes toward quality of survival: The concept of maximal endurable time. Med Decis Mak. 1982;2:299-309.
    • (1982) Med Decis Mak , vol.2 , pp. 299-309
    • Sutherland, H.J.1    Llewellyn-Thomas, H.2    Boyd, N.F.3    Till, J.E.4
  • 37
    • 0032481420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health values of hospitalized patients 80 years or older
    • for the HELP investigators
    • Tsevat J, Dawson NY, Wu AW, et al, for the HELP Investigators. Health values of hospitalized patients 80 years or older. JAMA. 1998;279:371-375.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , pp. 371-375
    • Tsevat, J.1    Dawson, N.Y.2    Wu, A.W.3
  • 38
    • 0025925564 scopus 로고
    • Allocating resources to health care: Is the QALY (quality-adjusted life-year) a technical solution to a political program?
    • Carr-Hill R. Allocating resources to health care: Is the QALY (quality-adjusted life-year) a technical solution to a political program? Int J Health Serv. 1991;21:351-363.
    • (1991) Int J Health Serv , vol.21 , pp. 351-363
    • Carr-Hill, R.1
  • 39
  • 40
    • 0003045787 scopus 로고
    • Quality of life measures in health care and medical ethics
    • Nussbaum MC, Sen A, eds. Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • Brock D. Quality of life measures in health care and medical ethics. In: Nussbaum MC, Sen A, eds. The Quality of Life. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1993:95-132.
    • (1993) The Quality of Life , pp. 95-132
    • Brock, D.1
  • 42
    • 0027932348 scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the burden of disease: The technical basis for disability-adjusted life years
    • Murray CJL. Quantifying the burden of disease: The technical basis for disability-adjusted life years. Bull WHO. 1994;72:429-445.
    • (1994) Bull WHO , vol.72 , pp. 429-445
    • Murray, C.J.L.1
  • 43
    • 0030948838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional patterns of disability-free life expectancy and disability-adjusted life expectancy: Global burden of disease study
    • Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Regional patterns of disability-free life expectancy and disability-adjusted life expectancy: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 1997;349:1347-1352.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 1347-1352
    • Murray, C.J.L.1    Lopez, A.D.2
  • 44
    • 0030996001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global mortality, disability and the contribution of risk factors: Global burden of disease study
    • Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Global mortality, disability and the contribution of risk factors: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 1997;349:1436-1442.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 1436-1442
    • Murray, C.J.L.1    Lopez, A.D.2
  • 46
    • 0031459341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disability-adjusted life years: A critical review
    • Anand S, Hanson K. Disability-adjusted life years: A critical review. J Health Econ. 1997;16:685-702.
    • (1997) J Health Econ , vol.16 , pp. 685-702
    • Anand, S.1    Hanson, K.2
  • 47
    • 0028199984 scopus 로고
    • Preventive medicine and public health
    • Foege W. Preventive medicine and public health. JAMA. 1994;271:1704-1705.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.271 , pp. 1704-1705
    • Foege, W.1
  • 48
    • 0033578028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between funding by the National Institutes of Health and the burden of disease
    • Gross CP, Anderson GF, Powe NE. The relation between funding by the National Institutes of Health and the burden of disease. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:1881-1887.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 1881-1887
    • Gross, C.P.1    Anderson, G.F.2    Powe, N.E.3
  • 49
    • 0015845435 scopus 로고
    • Weighted life expectancy as a health status index
    • Berg RL. Weighted life expectancy as a health status index. Health Serv Res. 1973;8:153-156.
    • (1973) Health Serv Res , vol.8 , pp. 153-156
    • Berg, R.L.1
  • 50
    • 0016952163 scopus 로고
    • Health status index models: A unified mathematical view
    • Torrance GW. Health status index models: A unified mathematical view. Manage Sci. 1976;22:990-1001.
    • (1976) Manage Sci , vol.22 , pp. 990-1001
    • Torrance, G.W.1
  • 51
    • 0021353689 scopus 로고
    • Validity of a quality of well-being scale as an outcome measure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Kaplan RM, Atkins CJ, Timms R. Validity of a quality of well-being scale as an outcome measure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Chronic Dis. 1984;37:85-95.
    • (1984) J Chronic Dis , vol.37 , pp. 85-95
    • Kaplan, R.M.1    Atkins, C.J.2    Timms, R.3
  • 52
    • 0032894268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computing population-based estimates of health-adjusted life expectancy
    • Rosenberg MA, Fryback DG, Lawrence WF. Computing population-based estimates of health-adjusted life expectancy. Med Decis Mak. 1999;19:90-97.
    • (1999) Med Decis Mak , vol.19 , pp. 90-97
    • Rosenberg, M.A.1    Fryback, D.G.2    Lawrence, W.F.3
  • 53
    • 0020550577 scopus 로고
    • Health expectancies in Canada, late 1970s: Demographic, regional and social dimensions
    • Wilkins R, Adams OB. Health expectancies in Canada, late 1970s: Demographic, regional and social dimensions. Am J Public Health. 1983;73:1073-1080.
    • (1983) Am J Public Health , vol.73 , pp. 1073-1080
    • Wilkins, R.1    Adams, O.B.2
  • 56
    • 0030157758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health-adjusted life expectancy
    • Wolfson MC. Health-adjusted life expectancy. Health Rep. 1996;8:41-46.
    • (1996) Health Rep , vol.8 , pp. 41-46
    • Wolfson, M.C.1
  • 57
    • 0029420568 scopus 로고
    • The health utility index: Measuring health differences in Ontario by socioeconomic status
    • Roberge R, Berthelot J-M, Wolfson M. The Health Utility Index: Measuring health differences in Ontario by socioeconomic status. Health Rep. 1995;7:25-32.
    • (1995) Health Rep , vol.7 , pp. 25-32
    • Roberge, R.1    Berthelot, J.-M.2    Wolfson, M.3
  • 59
    • 0025727231 scopus 로고
    • The healthy-years equivalents: How to measure them using the standard gamble approach
    • Mehrez A, Gafni A. The healthy-years equivalents: How to measure them using the standard gamble approach. Med Decis Mak. 1991;11:140-146.
    • (1991) Med Decis Mak , vol.11 , pp. 140-146
    • Mehrez, A.1    Gafni, A.2
  • 60
    • 0027494626 scopus 로고
    • A note on HYE (healthy years equivalent)
    • Buckingham K. A note on HYE (healthy years equivalent). J Health Econ. 1993;12:301-309.
    • (1993) J Health Econ , vol.12 , pp. 301-309
    • Buckingham, K.1
  • 61
    • 0027724538 scopus 로고
    • Are healthy-years equivalents an improvement over quality-adjusted life-years?
    • Johannesson M, Pliskin JS, Weinstein MC. Are healthy-years equivalents an improvement over quality-adjusted life-years? Med Decis Mak. 1993;13:281-286.
    • (1993) Med Decis Mak , vol.13 , pp. 281-286
    • Johannesson, M.1    Pliskin, J.S.2    Weinstein, M.C.3
  • 62
    • 0027744150 scopus 로고
    • Healthy-years equivalents versus quality-adjusted life years: In pursuit of progress
    • Mehrez A, Gafni A. Healthy-years equivalents versus quality-adjusted life years: In pursuit of progress. Med Decis Mak. 1993;13:287-292.
    • (1993) Med Decis Mak , vol.13 , pp. 287-292
    • Mehrez, A.1    Gafni, A.2
  • 63
    • 0027365049 scopus 로고
    • Economics, health, and health economics: HYEs versus QALYs
    • Gafni A, Birch S, Mehrez A. Economics, health, and health economics: HYEs versus QALYs. J Health Econ. 1993;11:325-339.
    • (1993) J Health Econ , vol.11 , pp. 325-339
    • Gafni, A.1    Birch, S.2    Mehrez, A.3
  • 64
    • 0031709268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QALYs versus HYEs - What's right and what's wrong. A review of the controversy
    • Ried W. QALYs versus HYEs - what's right and what's wrong. A review of the controversy. J Health Econ. 1998;17:607-625.
    • (1998) J Health Econ , vol.17 , pp. 607-625
    • Ried, W.1
  • 65
    • 0030011263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A criticism of healthy years equivalents
    • Wakker P. A criticism of healthy years equivalents. Med Decis Mak. 1996;16:207-214.
    • (1996) Med Decis Mak , vol.16 , pp. 207-214
    • Wakker, P.1
  • 66
    • 0028925208 scopus 로고
    • The ranking properties of healthy-years equivalents and quality-adjusted life-years under certainty and uncertainty
    • Johannesson M. The ranking properties of healthy-years equivalents and quality-adjusted life-years under certainty and uncertainty. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 1995;11:40-48.
    • (1995) Int J Technol Assess Health Care , vol.11 , pp. 40-48
    • Johannesson, M.1
  • 67
    • 0026646919 scopus 로고
    • An alternative to QALYs: The saved young life equivalent (SAVE)
    • Nord E. An alternative to QALYs: The saved young life equivalent (SAVE). Br Med J. 1992;305:805-807.
    • (1992) Br Med J , vol.305 , pp. 805-807
    • Nord, E.1
  • 68
    • 0029933197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual utilities are inconsistent with rationing choices: A partial explanation of why Oregon's cost-effectiveness list failed
    • Ubel PA, Loewenstein G, Scanlon D, Kamlet M. Individual utilities are inconsistent with rationing choices: A partial explanation of why Oregon's cost-effectiveness list failed. Med Decis Mak. 1996;16:108-116.
    • (1996) Med Decis Mak , vol.16 , pp. 108-116
    • Ubel, P.A.1    Loewenstein, G.2    Scanlon, D.3    Kamlet, M.4
  • 69
    • 0029034886 scopus 로고
    • The person-trade-off approach to valuing health care programs
    • Nord E. The person-trade-off approach to valuing health care programs. Med Decis Mak. 1995;15:201-208.
    • (1995) Med Decis Mak , vol.15 , pp. 201-208
    • Nord, E.1
  • 70
    • 0026514385 scopus 로고
    • Methods for quality adjustment of life years
    • Nord E. Methods for quality adjustment of life years. Soc Sci Med. 1992;34:559-569.
    • (1992) Soc Sci Med , vol.34 , pp. 559-569
    • Nord, E.1
  • 71
    • 0018237221 scopus 로고
    • A scale of valuations of states of illness: Is there a social consensus?
    • Rosser R, Kind P. A scale of valuations of states of illness: Is there a social consensus? Int J Epidemiol. 1978;7:347-358.
    • (1978) Int J Epidemiol , vol.7 , pp. 347-358
    • Rosser, R.1    Kind, P.2
  • 72
    • 0027261373 scopus 로고
    • The trade-off between severity of illness and treatment effect in cost-value analysis of health care
    • Nord E. The trade-off between severity of illness and treatment effect in cost-value analysis of health care. Health Policy. 1993;24:227-238.
    • (1993) Health Policy , vol.24 , pp. 227-238
    • Nord, E.1
  • 75
    • 0031907382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a population-based measure of quality of life: The health and activity limitation index (HALex)
    • Erickson P. Evaluation of a population-based measure of quality of life: The Health and Activity Limitation Index (HALex). Qual Life Res. 1998;7:101-114.
    • (1998) Qual Life Res , vol.7 , pp. 101-114
    • Erickson, P.1
  • 76
    • 0019463512 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative method of assessing the impact of different diseases in less developed countries
    • Ghana Health Assessment Project Team. A quantitative method of assessing the impact of different diseases in less developed countries. Int J Epidemiol. 1981;10:73-80.
    • (1981) Int J Epidemiol , vol.10 , pp. 73-80
  • 77
    • 0023264479 scopus 로고
    • Evaluating healthy days of life gained from health projects
    • Barnum H. Evaluating healthy days of life gained from health projects. Soc Sci Med. 1987;24:833-841.
    • (1987) Soc Sci Med , vol.24 , pp. 833-841
    • Barnum, H.1
  • 79
    • 0024635551 scopus 로고
    • Incorporating utility-based quality-of-life assessment measures in clinical trials
    • Feeny DH, Torrance GW. Incorporating utility-based quality-of-life assessment measures in clinical trials. Med Care. 1989;27:S190-S204.
    • (1989) Med Care , vol.27
    • Feeny, D.H.1    Torrance, G.W.2
  • 80
    • 0002146237 scopus 로고
    • Health-related quality of life measurement for evaluation research and policy analysis
    • Kaplan RM, Bush JW. Health-related quality of life measurement for evaluation research and policy analysis. Health Psychol. 1982;1:61-80.
    • (1982) Health Psychol , vol.1 , pp. 61-80
    • Kaplan, R.M.1    Bush, J.W.2
  • 81
    • 0029952658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EuroQol: The current state of play
    • Brooks R with the EuroQol Group. EuroQol: The current state of play. Health Policy. 1996;37:53-72.
    • (1996) Health Policy , vol.37 , pp. 53-72
    • Brooks, R.1
  • 82
    • 0024637480 scopus 로고
    • Generic and disease-specific measures in assessing health status and quality of life
    • Patrick DL, Deyo RA. Generic and disease-specific measures in assessing health status and quality of life. Med Care. 1989;27:S217-S232.
    • (1989) Med Care , vol.27
    • Patrick, D.L.1    Deyo, R.A.2
  • 83
    • 0031934897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The family impact of childhood atopic dermatitis: The Dermatitis family impact questionnaire
    • Lewis-Jones MS, Finlay AY, Owens RG. The family impact of childhood atopic dermatitis: The Dermatitis Family Impact Questionnaire. Br J Dermatol. 1998;138:107-113.
    • (1998) Br J Dermatol , vol.138 , pp. 107-113
    • Lewis-Jones, M.S.1    Finlay, A.Y.2    Owens, R.G.3
  • 84
    • 0031731716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating patient preferences into health outcomes assessment: The multi-attribute asthma symptom utility index
    • Leidy NK, Brennan-Diemer F, Sorensen S, Togias A. Integrating patient preferences into health outcomes assessment: The Multi-attribute Asthma Symptom Utility Index. Chest. 1998;114:998-1007.
    • (1998) Chest , vol.114 , pp. 998-1007
    • Leidy, N.K.1    Brennan-Diemer, F.2    Sorensen, S.3    Togias, A.4
  • 85
    • 0032453273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting patients' utilities from quality of life items: An improved scoring system for the UBQ-H
    • Glasziou PP, Simes RJ, Lumley T. Predicting patients' utilities from quality of life items: An improved scoring system for the UBQ-H. Qual Life Res. 1998;7:703-711.
    • (1998) Qual Life Res , vol.7 , pp. 703-711
    • Glasziou, P.P.1    Simes, R.J.2    Lumley, T.3
  • 86
    • 0028196973 scopus 로고
    • Measuring health status in the community: A comparison of methods
    • Kind P, Gudex C. Measuring health status in the community: A comparison of methods. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1994;48:86-91.
    • (1994) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.48 , pp. 86-91
    • Kind, P.1    Gudex, C.2
  • 87
    • 0027535889 scopus 로고
    • Wisconsin cystic fibrosis chest radiograph scoring system
    • Palmer CG, Peters ME, Green CG, et al. Wisconsin cystic fibrosis chest radiograph scoring system. Pediatrics. 1993;91:488-495.
    • (1993) Pediatrics , vol.91 , pp. 488-495
    • Palmer, C.G.1    Peters, M.E.2    Green, C.G.3
  • 88
    • 0024536390 scopus 로고
    • Costs and benefits of adjuvant therapy for breast cancer: A quality adjusted survival analysis
    • for the Ludwig Cancer Study Group
    • Goldhirsh A, Gelber RD, Simes RJ, et al, for the Ludwig Cancer Study Group. Costs and benefits of adjuvant therapy for breast cancer: A quality adjusted survival analysis. J Clin Oncol. 1989;7:36-44.
    • (1989) J Clin Oncol , vol.7 , pp. 36-44
    • Goldhirsh, A.1    Gelber, R.D.2    Simes, R.J.3
  • 90
    • 0028154813 scopus 로고
    • Parametric approaches to quality-adjusted survival analysis
    • Cole BF, Gelber RD, Anderson KM. Parametric approaches to quality-adjusted survival analysis. Biometrics. 1994;50:621-631.
    • (1994) Biometrics , vol.50 , pp. 621-631
    • Cole, B.F.1    Gelber, R.D.2    Anderson, K.M.3
  • 92
    • 0027696730 scopus 로고
    • The episode-free day as a composite measure of effectiveness: An illustrative economic evaluation of formoterol versus salbutamol in asthma therapy
    • Sculpher MJ, Buxton MJ. The episode-free day as a composite measure of effectiveness: An illustrative economic evaluation of formoterol versus salbutamol in asthma therapy. Pharmacoeconomics. 1993;4:345-352.
    • (1993) Pharmacoeconomics , vol.4 , pp. 345-352
    • Sculpher, M.J.1    Buxton, M.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.