Marketing structures for farm tourism: Beyond the individual provider of rural tourism

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 26-47

  Clarke, J ^a  

^a OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MARKETING; RURAL ECONOMY; TOURISM DEVELOPMENT;

UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 0032816514     PISSN: 09669582     EISSN: 17477646     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09669589908667325     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Anfield, J. (1990) Conference close. In B. Bramwell (ed.) Shades of Green: Working Towards Green Tourism in the Countryside (pp. 120-126). Leeds: English Tourist Board, Countryside Commission, Rural Development Commission.
2. Beck, P.M.A. (1988) Farm tourism and recreation survey in Wales. Welsh Studies in Agricultural Economics 7, 45-56.
3. Berry, L.L., Parasuraman, A. And Zeithaml, V.A. (1994) Improving service quality in America. Lessons learned. Academy of Management Executive 8 (2), 32-52.
4. British Market Research Bureau Ltd (1986) Welsh Farms: A Report on the Taking of Farm Holidays in Wales. Cardiff: Wales Tourist Board (BMRB/RMH/95413).
5. Butler, R.W. (1990) Alternative tourism: Pious hope or Trojan Horse? Journal of Travel Research 28 (3), 40-45.
6. Butler, R.W (1992) Alternative tourism. The thin edge of the wedge. In V.L. Smith and W.R. Eadington (eds) Tourism Alternatives: Potentials and Problems in the Development of Tourism. Philadelphia: University of Pennslyvania Press and the International Academy for the Study of Tourism.
7. Clarke, J. (1995) The effective marketing of small-scale tourism enterprises through national structures: Lessons from a two-way comparative study of farm accommodation in the United Kingdom and New Zealand. Journal of Vacation Marketing 1 (2), 137-153.
8. Clarke, J. (1997) A framework of approaches to sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 5 (3), 224-233.
9. Commission of the European Communities (1990) Community Action to Promote Rural Tourism. Communication from the Commission. Brussels: Commission of the European Communities Com (90) 438 Final.
10. Countryside Commission (1991) Visitors to the Countryside. A Consultation Paper. Cheltenham: Countryside Commission (CCP 341).
11. Cox, L.J. And Fox, M. (1991) Agriculturally based leisure attractions. The Journal of Tourism Studies 2 (2), 18-28.
12. Dartington Amenity Research Trust (1974) Farm Recreation and Tourism. The Countryside Commission, English Tourist Board, Wales Tourist Board (CCP 83/DART no.14).
13. Davies, E.T. (1973) Tourism on Devon Farms. A Physical and Economic Appraisal. Exeter: Agricultural Economics Unit University of Exeter (Report no. 184).
14. Davies, E.T. And Gilbert, D.C. (1992) A case study of the development of farm tourism in Wales. Tourism Management 13 (1), 56-63.
15. De Kadt, E. (1990) Making the Alternative Sustainable: Lessons from the Development of Tourism. Sussex: Institute of Development Studies (DP 272).
16. De Kadt, E. (1992) Making the alternative sustainable: Lessons from development for tourism. In V.L. Smith and W.R. Eadington (eds) Tourism Alternatives: Potentials and Problems in the Development of Tourism. Philadelphia: University of Pennslyvania Press and the International Academy for the Study of Tourism.
17. Denman, R.M. And Denman, J. (1990) A Study of Farm Tourism in the West Country. Exeter: West Country Tourist Board et al.
18. Denman, R.M. And Denman, J. (1993) The Farm Tourism Market. A Market Study of Farm Tourism in England. London: English Tourist Board et al.
19. Dernoi, L.A. (1981) Alternative tourism: Towards a new style in North-South relations. Tourism Management 2 (4), 253-264.
20. Dernoi, L.A. (1983) Farm tourism in Europe. Tourism Management 4 (3), 155-166.
21. Elwyn-Owen, R. (1991) Strategies for sustainable tourism. The theory and the practice. International conference on tourism development, trends and prospects in the 90s. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, September.
22. English Tourist Board (1988) Visitors in the Countryside. London: ETB.
23. English Tourist Board (1991) Tourism and the Environment. Maintaining the Balance. Report by the Government Task Force. London: ETB, Employment Department Group.
24. English Tourist Board et al. (1995) The United Kingdom Tourist Statistics 1994. Hawick: ETB et al.
25. Evans, N.J. (1990) Farm-based accommodation and the restructuring of agriculture in England and Wales. PhD thesis, Coventry Polytechnic (CNAA).
26. Evans, N.J. And Ilbery, B.W. (1989) A conceptual framework for investigating farm-based accommodation and tourism in Britain. Journal of Rural Studies 5 (3), 257-266.
27. Evans, N.J. And Ilbery, B.W. (1992) Advertising and farm-based accommodation: A British case study. Tourism Management 13 (4), 415-422.
28. Frater, J.M. (1982) Farm Tourism in England and Overseas. Centre for Urban and Regional Studies University of Birmingham (Research memorandum 93).
29. Frater, J.M. (1983) Farm tourism in England: Planning, funding and promotion, and some lessons from Europe. Tourism Management 4 (3), 167-179.
30. Gannon, A. (1995) Critical issues in the development of rural tourism. Joint ECA-ECE Symposium on Rural Tourism, Galilee, Israel 2-7 April (unpublished).
31. Gilbert, D. (1989) The conjugation of rural tourism and marketing: New ways of working. Tourism Reports ITVA Research Unit 1, 25-85.
32. Ilbery, B. (1989) Farm-based recreation: A possible solution to falling farm incomes? Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England 150, 57-66.
33. Inskeep, E. (1991) Tourism Planning. An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
34. Jansen-Verbeke, M.C. (1990) The potentials of rural tourism and agri-tourism. Problems of Tourism 1/2 (47/48), 35-46.
35. Krippendorf, J. (1987) The Holiday Makers. Understanding the Impact of Leisure and Travel. London: Heinemann.
36. Lane, B. (1990) The future for rural tourism. Insights D5.1-D5.5.
37. Lane, B. (1994a) Sustainable rural tourism strategies: A tool for development and conservation. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 2 (1&2), 102-111.
38. Lane, B. (1994b) What is rural tourism? Journal of Sustainable Tourism 2 (1&2), 7-21.
39. McInerney, J. And Turner, M. (1991) Patterns, Performance and Prospects in Farm Diversification. Exeter: Agricultural Economics Unit University of Exeter (Report no. 236).
40. Murphy, P.E. (1985) Tourism: A Community Approach. London: Methuen.
41. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (1994) Tourism Policy and International Tourism in OECD Countries 1991-1992. Special Feature: Tourism Strategies and Rural Development. Paris: OECD.
42. PA Cambridge Economic Consultants Ltd (1987) A Study of Rural Tourism. English Tourist Board and Rural Development Commission.
43. Paynter, J. (1991) Farm attractions. Insights B17-B22.
44. Pearce, D.G. (1992) Alternative tourism: Concepts, classifications, and questions. In V.L. Smith and W.R. Eadington (eds) Tourism Alternatives: Potentials and Problems in the Development of Tourism. Philadelphia: University of Pennslyvania Press and the International Academy for the Study of Tourism.
45. Pearce, P.L. (1990) Farm tourism in New Zealand: A social situation analysis. Annals of Tourism Research 17, 337-352.
46. Romeril, M. (1989) Tourism and the environment - accord or discord? Tourism Management 10 (3), 204-208.
47. Rural Development Commission (1992) Tourism in the Countryside. London: RDC.
48. Slee, B. (1989) Alternative Farm Enterprises: A Guide to Alternative Sources of Income for the Farmer (2nd edn). London: Farming Press Ltd.
49. Slee, R.W. And Yells, R. (1985) Some aspects of marketing farm holiday accommodation. Farm Management 5 (8), 317-323.
50. Tourism Concern (1992) Beyond the Green Horizon. Tourism Concern and World Wide Fund for Nature.
51. Winter, M. (1984) Farm-based tourism and conservation in the uplands. Ecos 5 (3), 10-14.
52. Zeithaml, V.A. And Bitner, M.J. (1996) Services Marketing. London: McGraw-Hill.