Are demands for a 'politics of presence' detected by the 'Democratic Audit'?

Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 56-70

  Catt, Helena ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEMOCRACY; INDIGENOUS POPULATION; POLITICAL PARTICIPATION; POLITICAL SYSTEM;

NEW ZEALAND;

EID: 0032816125     PISSN: 03063631     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14662049908447782     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. D. Beetham, The Democratic Audit of the United Kingdom (London, 1993).
2. Ibid., 3-4.
3. D. Beetham, 'Key Principles and Indices for a Democratic Audit', in D. Beetham (ed.), Defining and Measuring Democracy (London, 1994), 39.
4. R.D. Gastil (ed.). Freedom in the World (New York, 1994).
5. R. Dahl, Democracy and ils Critics (London, 1989), 221.
6. For instance Z.F. Aral, Democracy and Human Rights in Developing Countries (London, 1991); K. Bollen, 'Political Democracy and the Timing of Development', American Sociological Review, 44 (1979), 572-87; K. Bollen and R. Jackman, 'Democracy, Stability and Dichotomies', American Sociological Review, 54 (1989), 612-21; W. Flannigan and E. Fogelman, 'Patterns of Political Development and Democratization', in J. Gillespie and B. Nesvold (eds.), Macro-Quantitative Analysis (Beverley Hills, 1971); C. Hewitt, 'The Effects of Political Democracy and Social Democracy on Equality in Industrial Societies', American Sociological Review, 42 (1977), 450-64; T. Vanhanen, Prospects of Democracy: A Study of 172 Countries (London, 1997).
7. For instance Z.F. Aral, Democracy and Human Rights in Developing Countries (London, 1991); K. Bollen, 'Political Democracy and the Timing of Development', American Sociological Review, 44 (1979), 572-87; K. Bollen and R. Jackman, 'Democracy, Stability and Dichotomies', American Sociological Review, 54 (1989), 612-21; W. Flannigan and E. Fogelman, 'Patterns of Political Development and Democratization', in J. Gillespie and B. Nesvold (eds.), Macro-Quantitative Analysis (Beverley Hills, 1971); C. Hewitt, 'The Effects of Political Democracy and Social Democracy on Equality in Industrial Societies', American Sociological Review, 42 (1977), 450-64; T. Vanhanen, Prospects of Democracy: A Study of 172 Countries (London, 1997).
8. For instance Z.F. Aral, Democracy and Human Rights in Developing Countries (London, 1991); K. Bollen, 'Political Democracy and the Timing of Development', American Sociological Review, 44 (1979), 572-87; K. Bollen and R. Jackman, 'Democracy, Stability and Dichotomies', American Sociological Review, 54 (1989), 612-21; W. Flannigan and E. Fogelman, 'Patterns of Political Development and Democratization', in J. Gillespie and B. Nesvold (eds.), Macro-Quantitative Analysis (Beverley Hills, 1971); C. Hewitt, 'The Effects of Political Democracy and Social Democracy on Equality in Industrial Societies', American Sociological Review, 42 (1977), 450-64; T. Vanhanen, Prospects of Democracy: A Study of 172 Countries (London, 1997).
9. For instance Z.F. Aral, Democracy and Human Rights in Developing Countries (London, 1991); K. Bollen, 'Political Democracy and the Timing of Development', American Sociological Review, 44 (1979), 572-87; K. Bollen and R. Jackman, 'Democracy, Stability and Dichotomies', American Sociological Review, 54 (1989), 612-21; W. Flannigan and E. Fogelman, 'Patterns of Political Development and Democratization', in J. Gillespie and B. Nesvold (eds.), Macro-Quantitative Analysis (Beverley Hills, 1971); C. Hewitt, 'The Effects of Political Democracy and Social Democracy on Equality in Industrial Societies', American Sociological Review, 42 (1977), 450-64; T. Vanhanen, Prospects of Democracy: A Study of 172 Countries (London, 1997).
10. For instance Z.F. Aral, Democracy and Human Rights in Developing Countries (London, 1991); K. Bollen, 'Political Democracy and the Timing of Development', American Sociological Review, 44 (1979), 572-87; K. Bollen and R. Jackman, 'Democracy, Stability and Dichotomies', American Sociological Review, 54 (1989), 612-21; W. Flannigan and E. Fogelman, 'Patterns of Political Development and Democratization', in J. Gillespie and B. Nesvold (eds.), Macro-Quantitative Analysis (Beverley Hills, 1971); C. Hewitt, 'The Effects of Political Democracy and Social Democracy on Equality in Industrial Societies', American Sociological Review, 42 (1977), 450-64; T. Vanhanen, Prospects of Democracy: A Study of 172 Countries (London, 1997).
11. For instance Z.F. Aral, Democracy and Human Rights in Developing Countries (London, 1991); K. Bollen, 'Political Democracy and the Timing of Development', American Sociological Review, 44 (1979), 572-87; K. Bollen and R. Jackman, 'Democracy, Stability and Dichotomies', American Sociological Review, 54 (1989), 612-21; W. Flannigan and E. Fogelman, 'Patterns of Political Development and Democratization', in J. Gillespie and B. Nesvold (eds.), Macro-Quantitative Analysis (Beverley Hills, 1971); C. Hewitt, 'The Effects of Political Democracy and Social Democracy on Equality in Industrial Societies', American Sociological Review, 42 (1977), 450-64; T. Vanhanen, Prospects of Democracy: A Study of 172 Countries (London, 1997).
12. Inter-Parliamentary Union, Women in Parliament 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey (Geneva, 1995), 1.
13. A. Phillips, The Politics of Presence (Oxford, 1995), 5.
14. Ibid., 6-9.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid., 14.
17. Ibid., 12-13, 47
18. Flannigan and Fogelman, 'Patterns of Political Development'; D. Neubauer, 'Some Conditions of Democracy', American Political Science Review, 61 (1967), 1002-9.
19. Flannigan and Fogelman, 'Patterns of Political Development'; D. Neubauer, 'Some Conditions of Democracy', American Political Science Review, 61 (1967), 1002-9.
20. Arat, Democracy and Human Rights.
21. Beetham, Democratic Audit, 13-17 or D. Beetham, 'Key Principles and Indices', 36-9. Emphasis added.
22. Beetham, Democratic Audit, 13-17 or D. Beetham, 'Key Principles and Indices', 36-9. Emphasis added.
23. I. McLean and D. Butler, Fixing the Boundaries: Defining and Redefining Single-Member Electoral Districts (Aldershot, 1996), 13.
24. P. Peterson, Classifying by Race (Princeton, 1995), 113; Phillips, Politics of Presence, 85.
25. P. Peterson, Classifying by Race (Princeton, 1995), 113; Phillips, Politics of Presence, 85.
26. Peterson, Classifying by Race, 113.
27. Ibid., 19.
28. Dahl, Democracy and its Critics, 221.
29. Phillips, Politics of Presence, 33.
30. Beetham, 'Key Principles and Indices', 46-7.
31. P. Dunleavy and H. Margetts, 'The Experiential Approach to Auditing Democracy', in Beetham (ed.), Defining and Measuring Democracy, 155-81.
32. H. Catt, Democracy in Practice (London, 1999), 125.
33. J. Vowles et al., Towards Consensus? (Auckland, 1995), 27-31, Jack Vowles, 'A New Post-MMP Party System?', in Vowles et al. (eds.), Voters' Victory (Auckland, 1998), 41-3.
34. J. Vowles et al., Towards Consensus? (Auckland, 1995), 27-31, Jack Vowles, 'A New Post-MMP Party System?', in Vowles et al. (eds.), Voters' Victory (Auckland, 1998), 41-3.
35. H. Catt, 'Women, Maori and Minorities: Microrepresentation and MMP', in J. Boston et al. (eds.), From Campaign to Coalition: The 1996 MMP Election (Wellington, 1997), 201
36. Ibid., 200.
37. Beetham, Democratic Audit, 13-17, or Beetham, 'Key Principles and Indices', 36-9. Emphasis added.
38. Beetham, Democratic Audit, 13-17, or Beetham, 'Key Principles and Indices', 36-9. Emphasis added.
39. S.T. Rinehart, Gender Consciousness and Politics (London, 1992).