Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

Postgraduate Medical Journal

Volumn 75, Issue 887, 1999, Pages 516-520

  Seneviratne, Udaya ^a,c   De Silva, Rajith ^b  

^a SOUTHERN GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b OLDCHURCH HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c NATIONAL HOSPITAL OF SRI LANKA   (Sri Lanka)

Author keywords

Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome; Voltage gated calcium channels

Indexed keywords

3,4 DIAMINOPYRIDINE; AUTOANTIBODY; AZATHIOPRINE; CALCIUM CHANNEL; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR; GUANIDINE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ANTIBODY; PREDNISOLONE; VOLTAGE GATED CHANNEL FORMING PROTEIN;

ANTIBODY PRODUCTION; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; BONE MARROW TOXICITY; DERMATITIS; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; EATON LAMBERT SYNDROME; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; LIVER TOXICITY; LUNG SMALL CELL CANCER; NEPHROTOXICITY; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PARESTHESIA; PLASMAPHERESIS; REVIEW; SYNAPTOSOME;

EID: 0032816023     PISSN: 00325473     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.75.887.516     Document Type: Review

References (59)

1. Anderson HJ, Churchill-Davidson HC, Richardson AT. Bronchial neoplasm with myasthenia: prolonged apnoea after administration of succinylcholine. Lancet 1953;2:1291-3.
2. Lambert EH, Eaton LM, Rooke ED. Defect of neuromuscular conduction associated with malignant neoplasms. Am J Physiol 1956;187:612-3.
3. Eaton LM, Lambert EH. Electromyography and electrical stimulation of nerves in diseases of the motor unit: observations on a myasthenic syndrome associated with malignant tumours. JAMA 1957;163:1117-24.
4. O'Neill JH, Murray NM, Newsom-Davis J. The Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. A review of 50 cases. Brain 1988;111:577-96.
5. Hawley RJ, Cohen MH, Saini N, Armbrustmacher VW. The carcinomatous neuromyopathy of oat cell lung cancer. Ann Neurol 1980;7:65-72.
6. Lambert EH. Defects of neuromuscular transmission in syndromes other than myasthenia gravis. Ann NY Acad Sci 1955;135:367-84.
7. Lundh H, Nilsson O, Rosen I. Treatment of Lambert-Eaton syndrome: 3,4 - diaminopyridine and pyridostigmine. Neurology 1984;34: 1324-30.
8. Gutmann L, Philips LH, Gutmann L. Trends in the association of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with carcinoma. Neurology 1992;42: 848-50.
9. Argov Z, Shapira Y, Averbuch-Heller L, Wirguin I. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) in association with lymphoproliferative disorders. Muscle Nerve 1995;18:715-9.
10. Agarawal SK, Birch BR, Abercrombie GF. Adenocarcinoma of the prostate and Eaton-Lambert syndrome. A previously unreported association. Scand Urol Nephrol 1995;29:351-3.
11. Gutmann L, Crosby TW, Takamori M, Martin JD. The Eaton-Lambert syndrome and autoimmune disorders. Am J Med 1972;53:354-6.
12. Deodhar A, Norden J, So Y, Bennett R. The association of systemic lupus erythematosus and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. J Rheumatol 1996;23:1292-4.
13. Ozata M, Odabasi Z, Musabak U, Corakci A, Gundogan MA. A case of Addison's disease associated with the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 1997;20:338-41.
14. Tsuchiya N, Sato M, Uesaka Y, et al. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome associated with Sjogren's syndrome and discoid lupus erythematosus. Scand J Rheumatol 1993;22:302-4.
15. Lennon VA, Lambert EH, Wittingham S, Fairbanks V. Autoimmunity in the Eaton Lambert myasthenic syndrome. Muscle Nerve 1982;5:S21-5.
16. Willcox N, Demaine AG, Newsom-Davis J, Welsh KI, Robb SA, Spiro SG. Increased frequency of IgG heavy chain marker G1m(2) and of HLA B8 in Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome with and without associated lung carcinoma. Hum Immunol 1985;14:29-36.
17. Hong SJ, Chang CC. Inhibition of acetylcholine release from mouse motor nerve by a P-type calcium channel blocker omega-agatoxin IVA. J Physiol (Lond) 1995;482:283-90.
18. Bowersox SS, Miljanich GP, Sugiura Y, et al. Differential blockade of voltage-sensitive calcium channels at the mouse neuromuscular junction by novel omega-cono peptides and Aga IVA. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995;273:248-56.
19. Waterman SA. Multiple types of voltage-gated calcium channel mediate transmitter release from parasympathetic neurons in the mouse bladder. J Neurosci 1996;16:4155-61.
20. Waterman SA. Role of N-, P-and Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels in transmitter release from sympathetic neurones in the mouse isolated vas deferens. Br J Pharmacol 1997;120: 393-8.
21. Kim YI, Neher E. IgG from patients with Lambert-Eaton syndrome blocks voltage-dependent calcium channels. Science 1988;239: 405-8.
22. 2+ channels: diversity of form and function. Curr Opin Neuorbiol 1992; 2:247-53.
23. 2+ channels in mammalian central neurons. Trends Neurosci 1995;18:89-98.
24. 2+ channel function and drug action. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1995;16:43-9.
25. Volsen SG, Day NC, McCormack AL, et al. The expression of voltage-dependent calcium channel beta subunits in human cerebellum. Neuroscience 1997;80:161-74.
26. Lemos JR, Nowycky MC. Two types of calcium channels coexist in peptide releasing vertebrate nerve terminals. Neuron 1989;2:1419-26.
27. Lambert EH, Elmqvist D. Quantal components of end-plate potentials in the myasthenic syndrome. Ann NY Acad Sci 1971;183:183-99.
28. Vincent A, Lang B, Newsom-Davis J. Autoimmunity to the voltage-gated calcium channel underlies the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, a paraneoplastic disorder. Trends Neurosci 1989;12:496-502.
29. Waterman SA, Lang B, Newsom-Davis J. Effect of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome antibodies on autonomic neurones in the mouse. Ann Neurol 1997;42:147-56.
30. Lennon VA, Kryzer TJ, Griesmann GE, et al. Calcium-channel antibodies in the Lambert-Eaton syndrome and other paraneoplastic syndromes. N Engl J Med 1995;332:1467-74.
31. Oguro-Okano M, Griesmann GE, Wieben ED, Slaymaker SJ, Snutch TP, Lennon VA. Molecular diversity of neuronal-type calcium channels identified in small cell lung carcinoma. Mayo Clin Proc 1992;67:1150-9.
32. Meriney SD, Hulsizer SC, Lennon VA, Grinnel AD. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome immunoglobulins react with multiple types of calcium channels in small-cell lung carcinoma. Ann Neurol 1996;40:739-49.
33. Khurana RK, Koski CL, Mayer RF. Autonomic dysfunction in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. J Neurol Sci 1988;85:77-86.
34. Brown JC, Johns RJ. Diagnostic difficulties encountered in the myasthenic syndrome sometimes associated with carcinoma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1974;37:1214-24.
35. Henriksson KG, Nilsson O, Rosen I, Schiller HH. Clinical, neurophysiological and morphological findings in Eaton Lambert syndrome. Acta Neurol Scand 1977;56:117-40.
36. Heath JP, Ewing DJ, Cull RE. Abnormalities of autonomic function in the Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1988;51:436-9.
37. Motomura M, Lang B, Johnston I, Palace J, Vincent A, Newsom-Davis J. Incidence of serum anti-P/Q-type and anti-N-type calcium channel autoantibodies in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. J Neurol Sci 1997;147: 35-42.
38. Jablecki C. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (AAEE Case Report # 9). Muscle Nerve 1984;7:250-7.
39. Maseli RA. Electrodiagnosis of disorders of neuromuscular transmission. Ann NY Acad Sci 1998;841:696-711.
40. Schwartz MS, Stalberg E. Myasthenic syndrome studied with single fibre electromyography. Arch Neurol 1975;32:815-7.
41. Elmqvist D, Lambert EH. Detailed analysis of neuromuscular transmission in a patient with the myasthenic syndrome sometimes associated with bronchogenic carcinoma. Mayo Clin Proc 1968;43:689-713.
42. Keesey JC. Electrodiagnostic approach to defects of neuromuscular transmission (AAEE Minimonograph #33). Muscle Nerve 1989;12: 613-26.
43. Maselli RA, Mass DP, Distad BJ, Richman DP. Anconeus muscle: a human muscle preparation suitable for in-vitro microelectrode studies. Muscle Nerve 1991;14:1189-92.
44. McEvoy KM, Windebank AJ, Daube JR, Low PA. 3,4-Diaminopyridine in the treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. N Engl J Med 1989;321:1567-71.
45. Molgo J, Lundh H, Thesleff S. Potency of 3,4-diaminopyridine and 4-aminopyridine on mammalian neuromuscular transmission and the effect of pH changes. Eur J Pharmacol 1980; 61:25-34.
46. Sanders DB. 3,4-Diaminopyridine (DAP) in the treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). Ann NY Acad Sci 1998;841: 811-6.
47. Oh SJ, Kim KW. Guanidine hydrochloride in the Eaton-Lambert syndrome: electrophysiologic improvement. Neurology 1973;23:1084-90.
48. Cherington M. Guanidine and germine in Eaton-Lambert syndrome. Neurology 1976;26: 944-6.
49. Oh SJ, Kim DS, Head TC, Claussen GC. Low-dose guanidine and pyridostigmine: relatively safe and effective long-term symptomatic therapy in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Muscle Nerve 1997;20:1146-52.
50. Streib EW, Rothner DA. Eaton-Lambert myasthenic syndrome: long-term treatment of three patients with prednisolone. Ann Neurol 1980;8:121-2.
51. Newsom-Davis J, Murray NM. Plasma exchange and immunosuppressive drug treatment in the Lambert-Eaten myasthenic syndrome. Neurology 1984;34:480-5.
52. Dau PC, Denys EH. Plasmapheresis and immunosuppressive drug therapy in the Eaton-Lambert syndrome. Ann Neurol 1982;11:570-5.
53. Cornelio F, Antozzi C, Confalonieri P, Baggi F, Mantegazza R. Plasma treatment in diseases of the neuromuscular junction. Ann NY Acad Sci 1998;841:803-10.
54. Bird SJ. Clinical and electrophysiologic improvement in Lambert-Eaton syndrome with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. Neurology 1992;42:1422-3.
55. Takano H, Tanaka M, Koike R, Nagai H, Arakawa M, Tsuji S. Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with small cell lung cancer: correlation with the titre of anti-voltage-gated calcium channel antibody. Muscle Nerve 1994;17:1073-5.
56. Bain PG, Motomura M, Newsom-Davis J, et al. Effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on muscle weakness and calcium-channel autoantibodies in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Neurology 1996;47:678-83.
57. Jenkyn LR, Brooks PL, Forcier RJ, Maurer LH, Ochoa J. Remission of the Lambert-Eaton syndrome and small cell anaplastie carcinoma of the lung induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Cancer 1980;46:1123-7.
58. Chalk CH, Murray NM, Newsom-Davis J, O'Neill JH, Spiro SG. Response of the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome to treatment of associated small-cell lung carcinoma. Neurology 1990;40:1552-6.
59. Newsom-Davis J. A Treatment algorithm for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Ann NY Acad Sci 1998;841:817-22.