Guidelines for sugar consumption in Europe: Is a quantitative approach justified?

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 53, Issue 7, 1999, Pages 503-513

  Ruxton, C H S ^a   Garceau, F J S ^a   Cottrell, R C ^a  

^a Sugar Bureau   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Dental health; Dietary guidelines; Micronutrients; Obesity; Sugar

Indexed keywords

FLUORIDE; SUGAR; TRACE ELEMENT;

DENTAL CARIES; DENTAL HEALTH; DIET; EUROPE; HEALTH SCIENCE; HUMAN; LEAN BODY WEIGHT; OBESITY; PUBLIC HEALTH; REFERENCE VALUE; REVIEW; SUGAR INTAKE;

EID: 0032805038     PISSN: 09543007     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600831     Document Type: Review

References (55)

1. Acheson KJ, Schutz Y, Bessard T, Ravussin E & Jéquier E (1984): Nutritional influences on lipogenesis and thermogenesis after a carbohydrate meal. Am. J. Physiol. 246, E62-E70.
2. Asp NG (1997): New Nordic Recommendations. Scand. J. Nutr. 41, 161-163.
3. Baghurst KI, Baghurst PA & Record SJ (1992): Demographic and nutritional profiles of people consuming varying levels of added sugars. Nutr. Res. 12, 1455-1465.
4. Beighton D, Adamson A & Rugg-Gunn A (1996): Associations between dietary intake, dental caries experience and salivary bacterial levels in 12-year old English schoolchildren. Arch. Oral. Biol. 41, 271-280.
5. Björntorp P & Sjöström L (1978): Carbohydrate storage in man, speculations and some quantitative considerations. Metab. 27, 1853-1865.
6. Bolton-Smith C & Woodward M (1994): Dietary composition and fat to sugar ratios in relation to obesity. Int. J. Obes. 18, 820-828.
7. Bolton-Smith C & Woodward M (1995a): Intrinsic, non-milk extrinsic and milk sugar consumption by Scottish adults. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 8, 35-49.
8. Bolton-Smith C & Woodward M (1995b): Antioxidant vitamin adequacy in relation to consumption of sugars. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 49, 124-133.
9. Bundesministerium fur Land-und Forstwirtschaft (1997): Lebenstriffelbericht Osterreich.
10. Charlton KE, Wolmarans P & Lombard CJ (1998): Evidence of nutrient dilution with high sugar intakes in older South Africans. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 11, 331-343.
11. Colditz GA, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, London SJ, Segal MR & Speizer FE (1990): Patterns of weight change and their relation to diet in a cohort of healthy women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 51, 1100-1105.
12. Crawley HF (1993): The energy, nutrient and food intakes of teenagers aged 16-17 years in Britain. Br. J. Nutr. 70, 15-26.
13. Danish Veterinary and Food Administration (1996): The Danish National Food Survey 1995. Copenhagen: DVFA.
14. Department of Health (1989): Dietary Sugars and Human Disease. Report on Health and Social Subjects No. 37 London: HMSO.
15. Department of Health (1991): Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom. Report on Health and Social Subjects No. 41. London: HMSO.
16. Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Ernahrung (1991): Empfehlungen fur die Nahrstoffzufuhr. Umschau Verlag.
17. Drummond S & Kirk TR (1999): The effect of different types of dietary advice on body composition in a group of Scottish men. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 11, 473-485.
18. Dupin H (1992): Apports Nutritionnels Conseilles pour la Population Francaise. CNRS-CNERNA. Tec & Doc Lavoisier.
19. Elmadja L (1994): 1. Wiener Ernahrungs-Bericht. Institut fur Ernahrungswissenschaften der Universitat Wien.
20. FO Lichts (1998): World Sugar Statistics 1997/98.
21. Food and Agricultural Organisation (1998): Carbohydrates in Human Nutrition. Report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation. Rome: FAO.
22. Gibney M, Sigman-Grant M, Stanton JL, Keast DR (1995): Consumption of sugars. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 62; Suppl, S178-S194.
23. Gibson SA (1993): Consumption and sources of sugars in the diets of British schoolchildren, Are high-sugar diets inferior? J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 6, 355-371.
24. Gibson SA (1996): Are diets in non-milk extrinsic sugars conducive to obesity? An analysis from the dietary and nutritional survey of British adults. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 9, 283-292.
25. Gibson SA (1997a): Do diets high in sugars compromise micronutrient intakes? Micronutrient intakes in the dietary and nutritional survey of British adults according to dietary concentration of 'added', 'non-milk extrinsic' or 'total' sugars. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 10, 125-133.
26. Gibson SA (1997b): Non-milk extrinsic sugars in the diets of pre-school children, association with intakes of micronutrients, energy, fat and NSP. Br. J. Nutr. 78, 367-378.
27. Gibson S & Williams S (1999): Dental caries in pre-school children, association with social class, toothbrushing habit and consumption of sugars and sugar-containing foods. Caries Res. 33, 101-113.
28. Gregory J, Foster K, Tyler H & Wiseman M (1990): The Dietary and Nutritional Study of British Adults. OPCS. London: HMSO.
29. Gustafsson BE, Quensel CE, Lanke LS, Lundqvist C, Grahnen H, Bonow BE & Krasse B. (1954): The Vipeholm dental caries study. The effect of different levels of carbohydrate intake on caries activity in 436 individuals observed for five years. Acta Odont. Scand. 11, 232-265.
30. Hill JO & Prentice AM (1995): Sugar and body weight regulation Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 62, Suppl 1, S264-S274.
31. Hinds K & Gregory JR (1995): National Diet and Nutrition Survey, Children aged 1.5 to 4.5 years. Volume 2. Report of the Dental Survey. London: HMSO.
32. Hulshof K, Michiel RD & Lowik RH (1993): Comparison of dietary intake data with guidelines, some potential pitfalls (Dutch nutritional surveillance system). J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 12, 176-185.
33. Jones S, Hussey R & Lennon MA (1996): Dental health related behaviours in toddlers in low and high caries areas in St Helens, North West England. Paed. Dent. 181, 13-17.
34. Kandelman D (1997): Sugar, alternative sweeteners and meal frequency in relation to caries prevention, new perspectives. Br J. Nutr. 77, Suppl 1, S121-S128.
35. Kashket S, Zhang J & Van Houte J (1996): Accumulation of fermentable sugars and metabolic acids in food particles that become entrapped on the dentition. J. Dent. Res. 75, 1885-1891.
36. König KG (1990): Changes in the prevalence of dental caries, how much can be attributed to changes in diet? Caries Res. 24, Suppl, S16-S18.
37. Lawton CL, Delargy HJ, Smith FC, Hamilton V & Blundell JE (1998): A medium-term intervention study on the impact of high- and low-fat snacks varying in sweetness and fat content: large shifts in daily fat intake but good compensation for daily energy intake. Br. J. Nutr. 80, 149-161.
38. Lewis CJ, Park YK, Dexter PB & Yetley EA (1992): Nutrient intakes and body weights of persons consuming high and moderate levels of added sugars. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 92, 708-713.
39. Linseisen J (1998): Sucrose intake in Germany. Zeitschrift für Ernahrungswissenschaft 37, 303-314.
40. Marthaler TM (1990): Changes in prevalence of dental caries, how much can be attributed to changes in diet? Caries Res. 89, Suppl 1, S3-S15.
41. McMahon J, Parnell WR & Spears GFS (1993): Diet and dental caries in pre-school children. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 47, 794-802.
42. Miller WC, Lindeman AK, Wallace J & Niederpruem M (1990): Diet composition, energy intake, and exercise in relation to body fatness in men and women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 52, 426-430.
43. Ministere des Affaires Sociales, de la Sante Publique et de l'Environnement (1997): Recommendations Nutritionelles pour la Belgique. Brussels: Conseil National de la Nutrition.
44. National Nutrition Council (1989): Dietary Guidelines and their Scientific Principles. Valtion Painatuskeskus. Helsinki: NHC.
45. Petti S, Tarsitani G, Panfili P & Simonett D' Area A (1997): Oral hygiene, sucrose consumption and dental caries prevalence in adolescent systemic fluoride non-users. Comm. Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 25, 334-336.
46. Prentice A (1995): All calories are not equal. In: Weight Control, The Current Perspective, RC Cottrell ed. Chapter 4. London: Chapman and Hall, pp 8-33.
47. Raben A, Macdonald I & Astrup A (1997): Replacement of dietary fat by sucrose or starch: Effects on 14d ad libitum energy intake, energy expenditure and body weight in formerly obese and never-obese subjects. Int. J. Obes. 21, 846-859.
48. Rugg-Gunn AJ, Hackett AF, Jenkins GN & Appleton DR (1991): Empty Calories? Nutrient intake in relation to sugar intake in English adolescents. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 4, 101-111.
49. Serra-Majem L, Aranceta J & Mataix J (1995): Documento de Consenso, Guias Alimentarias para la Poblacion Espanola. Barcelona: Sociedad Espanola de Nutricion Comunitaria-SG Editores.
50. Sreebny LM (1982): Sugar availability, sugar consumption and dental caries. Comm. Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 10, 1-7.
51. Voorlichtingsbureau voor de Voeding, Zo eet Nederland (1992, 1993): Resulten van de Voedselconsumptiepeiling 1992. En Haag: Voorlichtingsbureau voor de Voeding.
52. Woodward M & Walker ARP (1994): Sugar consumption and dental caries, evidence from 90 countries. Br. Dent. J. 176, 297-302.
53. World Health Organisation (1988): Geographical variation in the major risk factors of coronary heart disease in men and women aged 35-64 years. World Health Statistics 41, 115.
54. World Health Organisation (1991): Dental Caries at Twelve Years. Geneva: WHO.
55. World Health Organisation (1996): Food Based Dietary Guidelines. FAO/WHO Joint Expert Consultation. Geneva: WHO.