메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 248, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 307-323

Interannual variation in survival of juvenile Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) from McMurdo Sound, Antarctica: Effects of cohort, sex and age

Author keywords

Juvenile survival; Leptonychotes weddellii; Mark recapture; Population dynamics; Weddell seals

Indexed keywords

AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCE; JUVENILE; MARINE MAMMAL; PINNIPED; SEX-RELATED DIFFERENCE; SURVIVAL; TEMPORAL VARIATION;

EID: 0032800806     PISSN: 09528369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0952836999007049     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (33)

References (79)
  • 1
    • 0000501656 scopus 로고
    • Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle
    • Petran, B. N. & Csáki, F. (Eds). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadi
    • Akaike, H. (1973). Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle. International Symposium on Information Theory (2nd edn): 267-281. Petran, B. N. & Csáki, F. (Eds). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadi.
    • (1973) International Symposium on Information Theory (2nd Edn) , pp. 267-281
    • Akaike, H.1
  • 2
    • 0023485542 scopus 로고
    • Early development and population dynamics in red deer. II. Density-independent effects and cohort variation
    • Albon, S. D., Clutton-Brock, T. H. & Guinness, F. E. (1987). Early development and population dynamics in red deer. II. Density-independent effects and cohort variation. J. Anim. Ecol. 56: 69-81.
    • (1987) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.56 , pp. 69-81
    • Albon, S.D.1    Clutton-Brock, T.H.2    Guinness, F.E.3
  • 3
    • 0028162278 scopus 로고
    • AIC model selection in overdispersed capture-recapture data
    • Anderson, D. R., Burnham, K. P. & White, G. C. (1994). AIC model selection in overdispersed capture-recapture data. Ecology 75: 1780-1793.
    • (1994) Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 1780-1793
    • Anderson, D.R.1    Burnham, K.P.2    White, G.C.3
  • 4
    • 0026499627 scopus 로고
    • Territorial behavior and breeding frequency of male Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddelli) in relation to age, size and concentrations of serum testosterone and cortisol
    • Bartsh, S. S., Johnston, S. D. & Siniff, D. B. (1992). Territorial behavior and breeding frequency of male Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddelli) in relation to age, size and concentrations of serum testosterone and cortisol. Can. J. Zool. 70: 680-692.
    • (1992) Can. J. Zool. , vol.70 , pp. 680-692
    • Bartsh, S.S.1    Johnston, S.D.2    Siniff, D.B.3
  • 6
    • 0027444079 scopus 로고
    • Tooth growth in male Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) from South Georgia: An indicator of long-term growth history
    • Boyd, I. L. & Roberts, J. P. (1993). Tooth growth in male Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) from South Georgia: an indicator of long-term growth history. J. Zool. (Lond.) 229: 177-190.
    • (1993) J. Zool. (Lond.) , vol.229 , pp. 177-190
    • Boyd, I.L.1    Roberts, J.P.2
  • 7
  • 9
    • 0001271221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental changes and diurnal and seasonal influences on the diving behavior of Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii). Pups
    • Proceedings of the 6th SCAR Symposium on Antarctic Biology (see Testa et al., 1985), Battaglia, B., Valencia, J. & Walton, D. W. H. (Eds). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Burns, J. M. & Testa, J. W. (1997). Developmental changes and diurnal and seasonal influences on the diving behavior of Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii). pups. In Antarctic communities: species, structure and survival, Proceedings of the 6th SCAR Symposium on Antarctic Biology (see Testa et al., 1985), 328-334. Battaglia, B., Valencia, J. & Walton, D. W. H. (Eds). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1997) Antarctic Communities: Species, Structure and Survival , pp. 328-334
    • Burns, J.M.1    Testa, J.W.2
  • 10
    • 0031955993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diet of Weddell seals in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, as determined from scat collections and stable isotope analyses
    • Burns, J. M., Trumble, S. J., Castellini, M. A. & Testa, J. W. (1998). The diet of Weddell seals in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, as determined from scat collections and stable isotope analyses. Polar Biol. 19: 272-282.
    • (1998) Polar Biol. , vol.19 , pp. 272-282
    • Burns, J.M.1    Trumble, S.J.2    Castellini, M.A.3    Testa, J.W.4
  • 11
    • 0002692288 scopus 로고
    • The effects of unequal catchability on Jolly-Seber estimates
    • Carothers, A. D. (1973). The effects of unequal catchability on Jolly-Seber estimates. Biometrics 29: 79-100.
    • (1973) Biometrics , vol.29 , pp. 79-100
    • Carothers, A.D.1
  • 12
    • 0001025770 scopus 로고
    • Quantifying unequal catchability and its effect on survival estimates in an actual population
    • Carothers, A. D. (1979). Quantifying unequal catchability and its effect on survival estimates in an actual population. J. Anim. Ecol. 48: 863-869.
    • (1979) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.48 , pp. 863-869
    • Carothers, A.D.1
  • 13
    • 0001573860 scopus 로고
    • Mortality patterns in mammals
    • Caughley, G. (1966). Mortality patterns in mammals. Ecology 47: 906-918.
    • (1966) Ecology , vol.47 , pp. 906-918
    • Caughley, G.1
  • 15
    • 0023557108 scopus 로고
    • A general approach to survival rate estimation by recaptures or resightings of marked birds
    • Clobert, J., Lebreton, J. D. & Allainé, D. (1987). A general approach to survival rate estimation by recaptures or resightings of marked birds. Ardea 75: 133-142.
    • (1987) Ardea , vol.75 , pp. 133-142
    • Clobert, J.1    Lebreton, J.D.2    Allainé, D.3
  • 17
    • 0023485541 scopus 로고
    • Early development and population dynamics in red deer. I. Density-dependent effects on juvenile survival
    • Clutton-Brock, T. H., Major, M., Albon, S. D. & Guinness, F. E. (1987). Early development and population dynamics in red deer. I. Density-dependent effects on juvenile survival. J. Anim. Ecol. 56: 53-67.
    • (1987) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.56 , pp. 53-67
    • Clutton-Brock, T.H.1    Major, M.2    Albon, S.D.3    Guinness, F.E.4
  • 18
    • 0000899588 scopus 로고
    • Estimates of survival from the sighting of marked animals
    • Cormack, R. M. (1964). Estimates of survival from the sighting of marked animals. Biometrika 51: 429-438.
    • (1964) Biometrika , vol.51 , pp. 429-438
    • Cormack, R.M.1
  • 19
    • 0021031731 scopus 로고
    • Fecundity, survival and site fidelity in Weddell seals, Leptonychotes weddelli
    • Croxall, J. P. & Hiby, L. (1983). Fecundity, survival and site fidelity in Weddell seals, Leptonychotes weddelli. J. appl. Ecol. 20: 19-32.
    • (1983) J. Appl. Ecol. , vol.20 , pp. 19-32
    • Croxall, J.P.1    Hiby, L.2
  • 20
    • 0001952684 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive performance of seabirds and seals at South Georgia and Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, 1976-1987: Implications for southern ocean monitoring studies
    • Sahrhage, D. (Ed.). Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Croxall, J. P., McCann, T. S., Prince, P. A. & Rothery, P. (1988). Reproductive performance of seabirds and seals at South Georgia and Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, 1976-1987: implications for southern ocean monitoring studies. In Antarctic ocean and resources variability: 261-285. Sahrhage, D. (Ed.). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1988) Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability , pp. 261-285
    • Croxall, J.P.1    McCann, T.S.2    Prince, P.A.3    Rothery, P.4
  • 21
    • 0344140468 scopus 로고
    • Breeding density, pup mortality and mother-pup behavior of Antarctic fur seals at South Georgia
    • Dec. 14-18, 1981, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
    • Doidge, D. W. & Croxall, J. P. (1983). Breeding density, pup mortality and mother-pup behavior of Antarctic fur seals at South Georgia. Proceedings, Fourth Biennial Conference of the Biology of Marine Mammals, Dec. 14-18, 1981, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
    • (1983) Proceedings, Fourth Biennial Conference of the Biology of Marine Mammals
    • Doidge, D.W.1    Croxall, J.P.2
  • 22
    • 0000122948 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics and marine mammal management policies
    • Eberhardt, L. L. & Siniff, D. B. (1977). Population dynamics and marine mammal management policies. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34: 183-190.
    • (1977) J. Fish. Res. Board Can. , vol.34 , pp. 183-190
    • Eberhardt, L.L.1    Siniff, D.B.2
  • 24
    • 0001484727 scopus 로고
    • Age specificity and ecological theory
    • Emlen, J. M. (1970). Age specificity and ecological theory. Ecology 51: 588-601.
    • (1970) Ecology , vol.51 , pp. 588-601
    • Emlen, J.M.1
  • 26
    • 0027332719 scopus 로고
    • Survival rates for the Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi)
    • Gilmartin, W. G., Johanos, T. C. & Eberhardt, L. L. (1993). Survival rates for the Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi). Mar. Mamm. Sci. 9: 407-420.
    • (1993) Mar. Mamm. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 407-420
    • Gilmartin, W.G.1    Johanos, T.C.2    Eberhardt, L.L.3
  • 27
    • 0028919278 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of hemispheric sea-ice cover by ENSO events
    • Gloersen, P. (1995). Modulation of hemispheric sea-ice cover by ENSO events. Nature 373: 503-506.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.373 , pp. 503-506
    • Gloersen, P.1
  • 29
    • 7344253053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal and birth colony effects on survival of Weddell seal offspring from McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
    • Hastings, K. K. & Testa, J. W. (1998). Maternal and birth colony effects on survival of Weddell seal offspring from McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. J. Anim. Ecol. 67: 722-740.
    • (1998) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.67 , pp. 722-740
    • Hastings, K.K.1    Testa, J.W.2
  • 31
    • 0025995058 scopus 로고
    • Some life-history parameters of a declining population of southern elephant seals, Mirounga leonina
    • Hindell, M. A. (1991). Some life-history parameters of a declining population of southern elephant seals, Mirounga leonina. J. Anim. Ecol. 60: 119-134.
    • (1991) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.60 , pp. 119-134
    • Hindell, M.A.1
  • 32
    • 0001666993 scopus 로고
    • Effects of the 1982-83 El Niño on northern elephant seals on the South Farallon Islands, California
    • Trillmich, F. & Ono, K. A. (Eds). Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Huber, H. R., Beckham, C. & Nisbet, J. (1991). Effects of the 1982-83 El Niño on northern elephant seals on the South Farallon Islands, California. In Pinnipeds and El Niño: responses to environmental stress: 219-233. Trillmich, F. & Ono, K. A. (Eds). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1991) Pinnipeds and El Niño: Responses to Environmental Stress , pp. 219-233
    • Huber, H.R.1    Beckham, C.2    Nisbet, J.3
  • 33
    • 76549200437 scopus 로고
    • Explicit estimates from capture-recapture data with both death and immigration-stochastic model
    • Jolly, G. M. (1965). Explicit estimates from capture-recapture data with both death and immigration-stochastic model. Biometrika 52: 225-247.
    • (1965) Biometrika , vol.52 , pp. 225-247
    • Jolly, G.M.1
  • 35
    • 0021568694 scopus 로고
    • Seals
    • Laws, R. M. (Ed.). London: Academic Press
    • Laws, R. M. (1984). Seals. In Antarctic ecology 2: 621-716. Laws, R. M. (Ed.). London: Academic Press.
    • (1984) Antarctic Ecology , vol.2 , pp. 621-716
    • Laws, R.M.1
  • 36
    • 85178361306 scopus 로고
    • Juvenile survivorship of northern elephant seals
    • Le Boeuf, B. J. & Laws, R. M. (Eds). Berkeley: University of California Press
    • Le Boeuf, B. J., Morris, P. & Reiter, J. (1994). Juvenile survivorship of northern elephant seals. In Elephant seals: population ecology, behavior, and physiology: 121-136. Le Boeuf, B. J. & Laws, R. M. (Eds). Berkeley: University of California Press.
    • (1994) Elephant Seals: Population Ecology, Behavior, and Physiology , pp. 121-136
    • Le Boeuf, B.J.1    Morris, P.2    Reiter, J.3
  • 37
    • 0007981832 scopus 로고
    • Biological effects associated with El Niño Southern Oscillation, 1982-83, on northern elephant seals breeding at Año Nuevo, California
    • Trillmich, F. & Ono, K. A. (Eds). Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Le Boeuf, B. J. & Reiter, J. (1991). Biological effects associated with El Niño Southern Oscillation, 1982-83, on northern elephant seals breeding at Año Nuevo, California. In Pinnipeds and El Niño: responses to environmental stress: 206-218. Trillmich, F. & Ono, K. A. (Eds). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1991) Pinnipeds and El Niño: Responses to Environmental Stress , pp. 206-218
    • Le Boeuf, B.J.1    Reiter, J.2
  • 38
    • 0026490966 scopus 로고
    • Modeling survival and testing biological hypotheses using marked animals: A unified approach with case studies
    • Lebreton, J. D., Burnham, K. P., Clobert, J. & Anderson, D. R. (1992). Modeling survival and testing biological hypotheses using marked animals: a unified approach with case studies. Ecol. Monogr. 62: 67-118.
    • (1992) Ecol. Monogr. , vol.62 , pp. 67-118
    • Lebreton, J.D.1    Burnham, K.P.2    Clobert, J.3    Anderson, D.R.4
  • 39
    • 0028161935 scopus 로고
    • New insight on survivorship of female chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) from observation of marked animals
    • Loison, A., Gaillard, J. M. & Houssin, H. (1994). New insight on survivorship of female chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) from observation of marked animals. Can. J. Zool. 72: 591-597.
    • (1994) Can. J. Zool. , vol.72 , pp. 591-597
    • Loison, A.1    Gaillard, J.M.2    Houssin, H.3
  • 40
    • 0001903559 scopus 로고
    • Size, status and demography of southern elephant seal Mirounga leonina populations
    • Ling, J. K. & Bryden, M. M. (Eds). Adelaide: South Australian Museum
    • McCann, T. S. (1985). Size, status and demography of southern elephant seal Mirounga leonina populations. In Studies of sea mammals in south latitudes: 1-17. Ling, J. K. & Bryden, M. M. (Eds). Adelaide: South Australian Museum.
    • (1985) Studies of Sea Mammals in South Latitudes , pp. 1-17
    • McCann, T.S.1
  • 41
    • 0024255553 scopus 로고
    • Decline in abundance of the northern sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus, in Alaska, 1956-1986
    • Merrick, R. L., Loughlin, T. R. & Calkins, D. G. (1987). Decline in abundance of the northern sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus, in Alaska, 1956-1986. Fish. Bull. 85: 351-365.
    • (1987) Fish. Bull. , vol.85 , pp. 351-365
    • Merrick, R.L.1    Loughlin, T.R.2    Calkins, D.G.3
  • 43
    • 0027035630 scopus 로고
    • Annual survival rates of adult and immature eastern population tundra swans
    • Nichols, J. D., Bart, J., Limpert, R. J., Sladen, W. J. L. & Hines, J. E. (1992). Annual survival rates of adult and immature eastern population tundra swans. J. Wildl. Manage. 56: 485-494.
    • (1992) J. Wildl. Manage. , vol.56 , pp. 485-494
    • Nichols, J.D.1    Bart, J.2    Limpert, R.J.3    Sladen, W.J.L.4    Hines, J.E.5
  • 44
    • 0027683262 scopus 로고
    • The adaptation of milk secretion to the constraints of fasting in bears, seals, and baleen whales
    • Oftedal, O. T. (1993). The adaptation of milk secretion to the constraints of fasting in bears, seals, and baleen whales. J. Dairy Sci. 76: 3234-3246.
    • (1993) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.76 , pp. 3234-3246
    • Oftedal, O.T.1
  • 45
    • 0001916444 scopus 로고
    • Summer diet of Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddelli) in the eastern and southern Weddell sea, Antarctica
    • Plötz, J. (1986). Summer diet of Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddelli) in the eastern and southern Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Polar Biol. 6: 97-102.
    • (1986) Polar Biol. , vol.6 , pp. 97-102
    • Plötz, J.1
  • 46
    • 0001205699 scopus 로고
    • Recent developments for the analysis of capture-recapture multiple data sets: An example concerning two Blue Tit populations
    • Pradel, R., Clobert, J. & Lebreton, J. D. (1990). Recent developments for the analysis of capture-recapture multiple data sets: an example concerning two Blue Tit populations. The Ring 13: 193-204.
    • (1990) The Ring , vol.13 , pp. 193-204
    • Pradel, R.1    Clobert, J.2    Lebreton, J.D.3
  • 48
    • 0001598215 scopus 로고
    • Differential mortality by sex and age in mammals, with specific reference to the sperm whale
    • Ralls, K., Brownwell, R. L. & Ballou, J. (1980). Differential mortality by sex and age in mammals, with specific reference to the sperm whale. Report of the International Whaling Commision (Special issue) 2: 233-243.
    • (1980) Report of the International Whaling Commision , vol.2 , Issue.SPECIAL ISSUE , pp. 233-243
    • Ralls, K.1    Brownwell, R.L.2    Ballou, J.3
  • 49
    • 0024188497 scopus 로고
    • Periodic irruptions of itinerant leopard seals within the Australasian sector of the southern ocean, 1976-86
    • Rounsevell, D. (1988). Periodic irruptions of itinerant leopard seals within the Australasian sector of the southern ocean, 1976-86. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 122: 189-191.
    • (1988) Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania , vol.122 , pp. 189-191
    • Rounsevell, D.1
  • 50
    • 84970603481 scopus 로고
    • Leopard seals, Hydrurga leptonyx (Pinnipedia), at Macquarie Island from 1949 to 1979
    • Rounsevell, D. & Eberhard, I. (1980). Leopard seals, Hydrurga leptonyx (Pinnipedia), at Macquarie Island from 1949 to 1979. Aust. Wildl. Res. 7: 403-415.
    • (1980) Aust. Wildl. Res. , vol.7 , pp. 403-415
    • Rounsevell, D.1    Eberhard, I.2
  • 51
    • 0029664171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preweaning mortality of Weddell seal pups
    • Schreer, J. F., Hastings, K. K. & Testa, J. W. (1996). Preweaning mortality of Weddell seal pups. Can. J. Zool. 74: 1775-1778.
    • (1996) Can. J. Zool. , vol.74 , pp. 1775-1778
    • Schreer, J.F.1    Hastings, K.K.2    Testa, J.W.3
  • 52
    • 76549219043 scopus 로고
    • A note on the multiple-recapture census
    • Seber, G. A. F. (1965). A note on the multiple-recapture census. Biometrika 52: 249-259.
    • (1965) Biometrika , vol.52 , pp. 249-259
    • Seber, G.A.F.1
  • 54
    • 0001189990 scopus 로고
    • A competing-risk model for animal mortality
    • Siler, W. (1979). A competing-risk model for animal mortality. Ecology 60: 750-757.
    • (1979) Ecology , vol.60 , pp. 750-757
    • Siler, W.1
  • 55
    • 0009749071 scopus 로고
    • Observations and hypotheses concerning the interactions among crabeater seals, leopard seals, and killer whales
    • Siniff, D. B. & Bengston, J. L. (1977). Observations and hypotheses concerning the interactions among crabeater seals, leopard seals, and killer whales. J. Mammal. 58: 414-416.
    • (1977) J. Mammal. , vol.58 , pp. 414-416
    • Siniff, D.B.1    Bengston, J.L.2
  • 58
    • 0021585202 scopus 로고
    • Energy transfer and female condition in nursing harp seals Phoca groenlandica
    • Stewart, R. E. A. & Lavigne, D. M. (1984). Energy transfer and female condition in nursing harp seals Phoca groenlandica. Holarctic Ecol. 7: 182-194.
    • (1984) Holarctic Ecol. , vol.7 , pp. 182-194
    • Stewart, R.E.A.1    Lavigne, D.M.2
  • 59
    • 0000599667 scopus 로고
    • Ecology of the Weddell seal in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
    • Stirling, I. (1969a). Ecology of the Weddell seal in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Ecology 50: 573-586.
    • (1969) Ecology , vol.50 , pp. 573-586
    • Stirling, I.1
  • 60
    • 0000774359 scopus 로고
    • Tooth wear as a mortality factor in the Weddell seal, Leptonychotes weddelli
    • Stirling, I. (1969b). Tooth wear as a mortality factor in the Weddell seal, Leptonychotes weddelli. J. Mammal. 50: 559-565.
    • (1969) J. Mammal. , vol.50 , pp. 559-565
    • Stirling, I.1
  • 61
    • 0012456914 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics of the Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddelli) in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, 1966-1968
    • Burt, H. (Ed.). Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union
    • Stirling, I. (1971a). Population dynamics of the Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddelli) in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, 1966-1968. In Antarctic pinnipedia. Antarctic Research Series 18: 141-161. Burt, H. (Ed.). Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union.
    • (1971) Antarctic Pinnipedia. Antarctic Research Series , vol.18 , pp. 141-161
    • Stirling, I.1
  • 62
    • 0011759671 scopus 로고
    • Variation in sex ratio of newborn Weddell seals during the pupping season
    • Stirling, I. (1971b). Variation in sex ratio of newborn Weddell seals during the pupping season. J. Mammal. 52: 842-844.
    • (1971) J. Mammal. , vol.52 , pp. 842-844
    • Stirling, I.1
  • 63
    • 84972055183 scopus 로고
    • Population aspects of Weddell seal harvesting at McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
    • Stirling, I. (1971c). Population aspects of Weddell seal harvesting at McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Polar Rec. 15: 653-667.
    • (1971) Polar Rec. , vol.15 , pp. 653-667
    • Stirling, I.1
  • 64
    • 84970602053 scopus 로고
    • Movements of Weddell seals in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
    • Stirling, I. (1974). Movements of Weddell seals in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Aust. J. Zool. 22: 39-43.
    • (1974) Aust. J. Zool. , vol.22 , pp. 39-43
    • Stirling, I.1
  • 65
    • 0024220646 scopus 로고
    • Postfledging survival of European starlings exposed as nestlings to an organophosphorus insecticide
    • Stromborg, K. L., Grue, C. E., Nichols, J. D., Hepp, G. R., Hines, J. E. & Bourne, H. C. (1988). Postfledging survival of European starlings exposed as nestlings to an organophosphorus insecticide. Ecology 69: 590-601.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 590-601
    • Stromborg, K.L.1    Grue, C.E.2    Nichols, J.D.3    Hepp, G.R.4    Hines, J.E.5    Bourne, H.C.6
  • 66
    • 0023557083 scopus 로고
    • Juvenile survival and recruitment in a population of Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
    • Testa, J. W. (1987a). Juvenile survival and recruitment in a population of Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Can. J. Zool. 65: 2993-2997.
    • (1987) Can. J. Zool. , vol.65 , pp. 2993-2997
    • Testa, J.W.1
  • 67
    • 0001006173 scopus 로고
    • Long-term reproductive patterns and sighting bias in Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddelli)
    • Testa, J. W. (1987b). Long-term reproductive patterns and sighting bias in Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddelli). Can. J. Zool. 65: 1091-1099.
    • (1987) Can. J. Zool. , vol.65 , pp. 1091-1099
    • Testa, J.W.1
  • 68
    • 0030972360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comment on the age at onset of breeding of male Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii)
    • Testa, J. W. (1997). A comment on the age at onset of breeding of male Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii). Can. J. Zool. 74: 156-157.
    • (1997) Can. J. Zool. , vol.74 , pp. 156-157
    • Testa, J.W.1
  • 70
    • 0027043437 scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of various cattle ear tags as markers for Weddell seals
    • Testa, J. W. & Rothery, P. (1992). Effectiveness of various cattle ear tags as markers for Weddell seals. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 8: 344-353.
    • (1992) Mar. Mamm. Sci. , vol.8 , pp. 344-353
    • Testa, J.W.1    Rothery, P.2
  • 71
    • 0023497266 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics of Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
    • Testa, J. W. & Siniff, D. B. (1987). Population dynamics of Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Ecology 57: 149-165.
    • (1987) Ecology , vol.57 , pp. 149-165
    • Testa, J.W.1    Siniff, D.B.2
  • 72
    • 0022164902 scopus 로고
    • Weddell seal-Antarctic cod interactions in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
    • Proceedings of the 4th SCAR Symposium on Antarctic Biology Siegfried, W. R., Condy, P. R. & Laws, R. M. (Eds). Berlin: Springer-Verlag
    • Testa, J. W., Siniff, D. B., Ross, M. J., & Winter, J. D. (1985). Weddell seal-Antarctic cod interactions in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. In Antarctic nutrient cycles and food webs. Proceedings of the 4th SCAR Symposium on Antarctic Biology: 561-565. Siegfried, W. R., Condy, P. R. & Laws, R. M. (Eds). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1985) Antarctic Nutrient Cycles and Food Webs , pp. 561-565
    • Testa, J.W.1    Siniff, D.B.2    Ross, M.J.3    Winter, J.D.4
  • 73
    • 0000638805 scopus 로고
    • Diel haul-out patterns of Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddelli) females and their pups
    • Thomas, J. A. & Demaster, D. P. (1983). Diel haul-out patterns of Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddelli) females and their pups. Can. J. Zool. 61: 2084-2086.
    • (1983) Can. J. Zool. , vol.61 , pp. 2084-2086
    • Thomas, J.A.1    Demaster, D.P.2
  • 76
    • 0024884762 scopus 로고
    • Estimating the juvenile survival rate of male northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus)
    • Trites, A. W. (1989). Estimating the juvenile survival rate of male northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46: 1428-1436.
    • (1989) Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 1428-1436
    • Trites, A.W.1
  • 77
    • 0024928171 scopus 로고
    • The decline and fall of the pribilof fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus): A simulation study
    • Trites, A. W. & Larkin, P. A. (1989). The decline and fall of the Pribilof fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus): a simulation study. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46: 1437-1445.
    • (1989) Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 1437-1445
    • Trites, A.W.1    Larkin, P.A.2
  • 78
    • 0029751534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An antarctic circumpolar wave in surface pressure, wind, temperature and sea-ice extent
    • White, W. B. & Peterson, R. G. (1996). An Antarctic circumpolar wave in surface pressure, wind, temperature and sea-ice extent. Nature 380: 699-702.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.380 , pp. 699-702
    • White, W.B.1    Peterson, R.G.2
  • 79
    • 0028164550 scopus 로고
    • The population dynamics of northern sea lions, 1975-1985
    • York, A. E. (1994). The population dynamics of northern sea lions, 1975-1985. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 10: 38-51.
    • (1994) Mar. Mamm. Sci. , vol.10 , pp. 38-51
    • York, A.E.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.