Molecular karyotypes for Alternaria plant pathogens known to produce host-specific toxins

Current Genetics

Volumn 35, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 647-656

  Akamatsu, Hajime ^a   Taga, Masatoki ^b   Kodama, Motoichiro ^c   Johnson, Richard ^c   Otani, Hiroshi ^a   Kohmoto, Keisuke ^c  

^a TOTTORI UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c TOTTORI UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Alternaria alternata; Electrophoretic karyotype; Fluorescence in situ hybridization; Host specific toxin

Indexed keywords

4',6 DIAMIDINO 2 PHENYLINDOLE; MYCOTOXIN; RIBOSOME DNA;

ALTERNARIA; ARTICLE; CHROMOSOME BAND; CYTOLOGY; FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; HOST; KARYOTYPE; METAPHASE; MITOSIS; MOLECULAR GENETICS; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENICITY; PLANT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULSED FIELD GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; SOUTHERN BLOTTING;

ALTERNARIA; CHROMOSOME MAPPING; CHROMOSOMES, FUNGAL; DNA, FUNGAL; ELECTROPHORESIS, GEL, PULSED-FIELD; GENES, FUNGAL; GENOME, FUNGAL; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION, FLUORESCENCE; KARYOTYPING; MYCOTOXINS; PLANT DISEASES;

ALTERNARIA; ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA; ALTERNATA ALTERNATA; FUNGI;

EID: 0032792483     PISSN: 01728083     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s002940050464     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Ahn J-H, Walton JD (1996) Chromosomal organization of TOX2, a complex locus controlling host-selective toxin biosynthesis in Cochliobolus carbonum. Plant Cell 8:887-897
2. Ásgeirsdóttir SA, Schuren FHJ, Wessels JGH (1994) Assignment of genes to pulse-field separated chromosomes of Schizophyllum commune. Mycol Res 98:689-693
3. Bottini AT, Gilchrist DG (1981) Phytotoxins. I. A 1-aminodimethyl-heptadecapentol from Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici. Tetrahedron Lett 22:2719-2722
4. Brody H, Carbon J (1989) Electrophoretic karyotype of Aspergillus nidulans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:6260-6263
5. Canada SR, Dunkle LD (1997) Polymorphic chromosomes bearing the Tox2 locus in Cochliobolus carbonum behave as homologs during meiosis. Appl Environ Microbiol 63:996-1001
6. Carle GF, Olson MV (1984) Separation of chromosomal DNA molecules from yeast by orthogonal-field-alteration gel electrophoresis. Nucleic Acids Res 12:5647-5664
7. Carle GF, Olson MV (1985) An electrophoretic karyotype for yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:3756-3760
8. Covert SF (1998) Supernumerary chromosomes in filamentous fungi. Curr Genet 33:311-319
9. Ellis MB (1971) Dermatiaceous hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, England
10. Enkerli J, Bhatt G, Covert SF (1998) Maackiain detoxification contributes to the virulence of Nectria haematococca MP VI on chickpea. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 11:317-326
11. Fekete C, Nagy R, Debets AJM, Hornok L (1993) Electrophoretic karyotypes and gene mapping in eight species of the Fusarium sections Arthosporiella and Sporotrichiella. Curr Genet 24:500-504
12. Gardner JM, Kono Y, Tatum JH, Suzuki Y, Takeuchi S (1985) Structure of the major component of ACRL-toxins, host-specific pathotoxic compounds produced by Alternaria citri. Agric Biol Chem 49:1235-1238
13. Gaudet DA, Gusse J, Laroche A (1998) Origins and inheritance of chromosome-length polymorphisms in the barley covered smut fungus, Uslilago hordei. Cuur Genet 33:216-224
14. Huang S-L, Itoh Y, Kohmoto K, Otani H, Kodama M (1996) Hyphal anastomosis and complementary growth of fused cells in Alternaria alternata. Mycoscience 37:2-13
15. Itoh Y, Kiyohara R, Kawamoto Y, Kodama M. Otani H, Walton JD, Kohmoto K (1998) A catalytic domain of a cyclic peptide synthetase that is specific for the apple pathotype of Alternaria alternata and its possible involvement in host-specific AM-toxin production. In: Kohmoto K, Yoder OC (eds) Molecular genetics of host-specific toxins in plant disease. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp 53-61
16. Kimura N, Tsuge T (1993) Gene cluster involved in melanin biosynthesis of the filamentous fungus Alternaria alternata. J Bacteriol 175:4427-4435
17. Kinscherf TC, Leong SA (1988) Molecular analysis of the karyotype of Ustilago maydis. Chromosoma 96:427-433
18. Kistler HC, Miao VPW (1992) New modes of genetic change in filamentous fungi. Annu Rev Phytopathol 30:131-152
19. Kistler HC, Meinhardt LW, Benny U (1996) Mutants of Nectria haematococca created by a site-directed chromosome breakage are greatly reduced in virulence toward pea. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 9:804-809
20. Kohmoto K, Otani H (1991) Host recognition by toxigenic plant pathogens. Experientia 47:755-764
21. Kohmoto K, Itoh Y, Shimomura N, Kondoh Y, Otani H, Kodama M, Nishimura S, Nakatsuka S (1993) Isolation and biological activities of two host-specific toxins from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata. Phytopathology 83:495-502
22. Kono Y, Gardner JM, Suzuki Y, Takeuchi S (1986) Studies on host-selective toxins produced by a pathotype of Alternaria citri causing brown spot disease of mandarins. Agric Biol Chem 50:1597-1606
23. Kuninaga S, Yokozawa R (1987) Taxonomic study of plant pathogens on the basis of DNA sequence homology. I. Genetic relatedness among species of the genus Alternaria (in Japanese). Ann Phytopathol Soc Jpn 53:368-369
24. Kusaba M, Tsuge T (1994) Nuclear ribosomal DNA variation and pathogenic specialization in Alternaria fungi known to produce host-specific toxins. Appl Environ Microbiol 60:3055-3062
25. Kusaba M, Tsuge T (1995) Phylogeny of Alternaria fungi known to produce host-specific toxins on the basis of variation in internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA. Curr Genet 28: 491-498
26. Martin FN (1995) Electrophoretic karyotype polymorphisms in the genus Pythium. Mycologia 87:333-353
27. Masel AM, Braithwaite K, Irwin JAG, Manners JM (1990) Highly variable molecular karyotypes in the plant pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Curr Genet 18:81-86
28. Masel AM, Irwin JAG, Manners JM (1993) DNA addition or deletion is associated with a major karyotype polymorphism in the fungal phytopathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Mol Gen Genet 237:73-80
29. Masel AM, He C, Poplawski AM, Irwin JAG, Manners JM (1996) Molecular evidence for chromosome transfer between biotypes of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 9:339-348
30. McCluskey K, Mills D (1990) Identification and characterization of chromosome-length polymorphisms among strains representing 14 races of Ustilago hordei. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 3:366-373
31. McCluskey K, Agnan J, Mills D (1994) Characterization of genome plasticity in Ustilago hordei. Curr Genet 26:486-493
32. McDonald BA, Martinez JP (1991) Chromosome-length polymorphisms in a Septoria tritici population. Curr Genet 19:265-271
33. Miao VP, Covert SF, VanEtten HD (1991 a) A fungal gene for antibiotic resistance on a dispensable (B) chromosome. Science 254:1773-1776
34. Miao VPW, Matthews DE, VanEtten HD (1991 b) Identification and chromosomal locations of a family of cytochrome P-450 genes for pisatin detoxification in the fungus Nectria haematococca. Mol Gen Genet 226:214-223
35. Mills D, McCluskey K (1990) Electrophoretic karyotypes of fungi: the new cytology. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 3:351-357
36. Nakashima T, Ueno T, Fukami H, Taga T, Masuda H, Osaki K, Otani H, Kohmoto K, Nishimura S (1985) Isolation and structures of AK-toxin I and II, host-specific phytotoxic metabolites produced by the Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype. Agric Biol Chem 49:807-815
37. Nakatsuka S, Ueda K, Goto T, Yamamoto M, Nishimura S, Kohmoto K (1986) Structure of AF-toxin II, one of the host-specific toxins produced by the Alternaria alternata strawberry pathotype. Tetrahedron Lett 27:2753-2756
38. Neergaard P (1945) Danish species of Alternaria and Stemphylium. Einar Munksgaard, Copenhagen
39. Nishimura S, Kohmoto K (1983) Host-specific toxins and chemical structures from Alternaria species. Annu Rev Phytopathol 20:87-116
40. Nishimura S, Sugihara M, Kohmoto K, Otani H (1978) Two different phases in pathogenicity of the Alternaria pathogen causing black spot disease of Japanese pear. J Fac Agric Tottori Univ 13:1-10
41. Nishimura S, Kohmoto K, Otani H, Ramachandran P, Tamura F (1982) Pathological and epidemiological aspects of Alternaria alternata infection depending on a host-specific toxin. In: Asada Y, Bushnell WR, Ouchi S, Vance CP (eds) Plant infection: the physiological and biochemical basis. Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo/Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 199-214
42. Okuno T, Ishita Y, Sawai K, Matsumoto T (1974) Characterization of alternariolide, a host-specific toxin produced by Alternaria mali Roberts. Chem Lett 1974:635-638
43. Orbach MJ, Vollrath D, Davis RW, Yanofsky C (1988) An electrophoretic karyotype of Neurospora crassa. Mol Cell Biol 8:1469-1473
44. Orbach MJ, Chumley FG, Valent B (1996) Electrophoretic karyotypes of Magnaporthe grisea pathogens of diverse grassses. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 9:261-271
45. Otani H, Kohmoto K (1992) Host-specific toxins of Alternaria species. In: Chelkowski J, Visconti A (eds) Alternaria: biology, plant diseases and metabolites. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 123-156
46. Plummer KM, Howlett BJ (1993) Major chromosomal-length polymorphisms are evident after meiosis in the phytopathogenic fungus Leptosphaeria maculans. Curr Genet 21:107-113
47. Pringle RB, Scheffer RP (1964) Host-specific plant toxins. Annu Rev Phytopathol 2:133-156
48. Reed KC, Mann DA (1985) Rapid transfer of DNA from agarose gels to nylon membranes. Nucleic Acids Res 13:7207-7221
49. Rollo F, Ferracuti T, Pacilli A (1989) Separation of chromosomal DNA molecules from Phoma tracheinhila by orthogonal-field-alternation gel electrophoresis. Curr Genet 16:477-479
50. Rotem J (1994) The genus Alternaria: biology, epidemiology and pathogenicity. The American Phytopathological Society, Saint Paul, Minnesota
51. 1 progeny: further evidence for conspecific status. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 6:66-74
52. Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
53. Scheffer RP, Livingston RS (1984) Host-selective toxins and their role in plant diseases. Science 223:17-21
54. Schwartz DC, Cantor CR (1984) Separation of yeast chromosome-sized DNAs by pulsed-field gradient gel electrophoresis. Cell 37:67-75
55. Shirane N, Masuko M, Hayashi Y (1988) Nuclear behavior and division in germinating conidia of Botrytis cinerea. Phytopathology 78:1627-1630
56. Shirane N, Masuko M, Hayashi Y (1989) Light microscopic observation of nuclei and mitotic chromosomes of Botrytis cinerea. Phytopathology 79:728-730
57. Simmons EG (1967) Typification of Alternaria, Stemphylium, and Uloclladium. Mycologia 59:67-92
58. Simmons EG (1992) Alternaria taxonomy: current status, viewpoint, challenge. In: Chelkowski J, Visconti A (eds) Alternaria: biology, plant diseases and metabolites. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1-35
59. Simmons EG (1993) Alternaria themes and variations (63-72). Mycotaxon 48:91-107
60. Simmons EG, Roberts (1993) Alternaria themes and variations (73). Mycotaxon 48:109-140
61. Stimberg N, Walz M, Schögendorfer K, Kück U (1992) Electrophoretic karyotyping from Tolypocladium inflatum and six related strains allows differentiation of morphologically similar species. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 37:485-489
62. Taga M, Murata M (1994) Visualization of mitotic chromosomes in filamentous fungi by fluorescence staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Chromosoma 103:408-413
63. Taga M, Murata M, Saito H (1998) Comparison of different karyotyping methods in filamentous ascomycetes - a case study of Nectria haematococca. Mycol Res 102:1355-1364
64. Talbot NJ, Oliver RP, Coddington A (1991) Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis reveals chromosome-length differences between strains of Cladosporium fulvum (syn. Fulvia fulva). Mol Gen Genet 229:267-272
65. Talbot NJ, Salch YP, Ma M, Hamer JE (1993) Karyotypic variation within clonal lineages of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe grisea. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:585-593
66. Thrash-Bingham C, Gorman JA (1992) DNA translocations contribute to chromosome-length polymorphisms in Candida albicans. Curr Genet 22:93-100
67. Tooley PW, Carras MM (1992) Separation of chromosomes of Phytophthora species using CHEF gel electrophoresis. Exp Mycol 16:188-196
68. Tsuge T, Kobayashi H, Nishimura S (1989) Organization of ribosomal RNA genes in the Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype, a host-selective AK-toxin-producing fungus. Curr Genet 16:267-272
69. Tsuge T, Nishimura S, Kobayashi H (1990) Efficient integrative transformation of the phytopathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata mediated by the repetitive rDNA sequences. Gene 90: 207-214
70. Tzeng T-H, Lyngholm LK, Ford CF, Bronson CR (1992) A restriction fragment length-polymorphism map and electrophoretic karyotype of the fungal maize pathogen Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Genetics 130:81-96
71. Wasmann CC, VanEtten HD (1996) Transformation mediated-chromosome loss and disruption of a gene for pisatin demethylase decrease the virulence of Nectria haematococca on pea. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 9:793-803
72. Xu J-R, Yan K, Dickman MB, Leslie JF (1995) Electrophoretic karyotypes distinguish the biological species of Gibberella fujikuroi (Fusarium section Liseola). Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 8:74-84
73. Yelton MM, Hamer JE, Timberlake WE (1984) Transformation of Aspergillus nidulans by using a trpC plasmid. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81:1470-1474
74. Yoder OC (1980) Toxins in pathogenesis. Annu Rev Phytopathol 18:103-129
75. Yu SH (1992) Occurrence of Alternaria species in countries of the Far East and their taxonomy. In: Chelkowski J, Visconti A (eds) Alternaria: biology, plant diseases and metabolites. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 37-62
76. Zolan ME (1995) Chromosome-length polymorphism in fungi. Microbiol Rev 59:686-698