메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 125, Issue 556, 1999, Pages 1165-1207

Kinematic characteristics of air flowing into and out of precipitating convection over the west Pacific warm pool: An airborne Doppler radar survey

Author keywords

Radar observations; TOGA COARE; Tropical convection

Indexed keywords

AIR FLOW; ATMOSPHERIC CONVECTION; KINEMATICS; RADAR IMAGERY; STRATIFORM CLOUD; TOGA-COARE; TROPICAL METEOROLOGY; WARM POOL;

EID: 0032782731     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/qj.1999.49712555605     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (58)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0026613187 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between EMEX mesoscale precipitation feature properties and their environmental characteristics
    • Alexander, G. D. and Young, G. S. 1992 The relationship between EMEX mesoscale precipitation feature properties and their environmental characteristics. Mon. Weather Rev., 120, 554-564
    • (1992) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.120 , pp. 554-564
    • Alexander, G.D.1    Young, G.S.2
  • 2
    • 0020447553 scopus 로고
    • Subcloud layer energetics of precipitating convection
    • Barnes, G, M, and Garstang, M. 1982 Subcloud layer energetics of precipitating convection. Mon. Weather Rev., 110, 102-117
    • (1982) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.110 , pp. 102-117
    • Barnes, G.M.1    Garstang, M.2
  • 3
    • 0021543948 scopus 로고
    • The environment of fast-and slow-moving tropical mesoscale convective cloud lines
    • Barnes, G. M. and Sieckman, K. 1984 The environment of fast-and slow-moving tropical mesoscale convective cloud lines. Mon. Weather Rev., 112, 1782-1794
    • (1984) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.112 , pp. 1782-1794
    • Barnes, G.M.1    Sieckman, K.2
  • 6
    • 0022210003 scopus 로고
    • A theory of El Niño and the southern oscillation
    • Cane, M. A. and Zebiak, S. E. 1985 A theory of El Niño and the southern oscillation. Science, 228, 1085-1087
    • (1985) Science , vol.228 , pp. 1085-1087
    • Cane, M.A.1    Zebiak, S.E.2
  • 7
    • 0029769393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiscale variability of deep convection in relation to large-scale circulation in TOGA COARE
    • Chen, S. S, Houze, R. A. Jr. and Mapes, B. E. 1996 Multiscale variability of deep convection in relation to large-scale circulation in TOGA COARE. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1380-1409
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 1380-1409
    • Chen, S.S.1    Houze R.A., Jr.2    Mapes, B.E.3
  • 8
    • 0024784920 scopus 로고
    • Effects of downdraughts and mesoscale convective organization on the heat and moisture budgets of tropical cloud clusters. Part III: Effects of mesoscale convective organization
    • Cheng, M-D. and Yanai, M. 1989 Effects of downdraughts and mesoscale convective organization on the heat and moisture budgets of tropical cloud clusters. Part III: Effects of mesoscale convective organization. J. Atmos. Sci. 46, 1566-1588
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 1566-1588
    • Cheng, M.-D.1    Yanai, M.2
  • 9
    • 0023470034 scopus 로고
    • A tropical squall line observed during the COPT 81 experiment in west Africa. Part I: Kinematic structure inferred from dual-Doppler data
    • Chong, M., Amayenc P., Scialom G. and Testud, J. 1987 A tropical squall line observed during the COPT 81 experiment in west Africa. Part I: Kinematic structure inferred from dual-Doppler data. Mon. Weather Rev., 115, 670-694
    • (1987) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.115 , pp. 670-694
    • Chong, M.1    Amayenc, P.2    Scialom, G.3    Testud, J.4
  • 10
    • 0028668137 scopus 로고
    • Zeb: Software for geophysical data integration display, and management of diverse environmental datasets
    • Corbet, J., Mueller, C., Burghart, C., Gould, K. and Granger, G. 1994 Zeb: Software for geophysical data integration display, and management of diverse environmental datasets. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc., 75, 783-792
    • (1994) Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.75 , pp. 783-792
    • Corbet, J.1    Mueller, C.2    Burghart, C.3    Gould, K.4    Granger, G.5
  • 11
    • 0000791134 scopus 로고
    • An operational objective analysis system
    • Cressman, G. P. 1959 An operational objective analysis system. Mon. Weather Rev., 87, 367-374
    • (1959) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.87 , pp. 367-374
    • Cressman, G.P.1
  • 12
    • 0000847178 scopus 로고
    • Precipitation and cold air production in mesoscale thunderstorm systems
    • Fujita, T. 1959 Precipitation and cold air production in mesoscale thunderstorm systems. J. Meteorol., 16, 454-466
    • (1959) J. Meteorol. , vol.16 , pp. 454-466
    • Fujita, T.1
  • 13
    • 0020370215 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale air motions associated with a tropical squall line
    • Gamache, J. F. and Houze, R. A. Jr. 1982 Mesoscale air motions associated with a tropical squall line. Mon. Weather Rev., 110, 118-135
    • (1982) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.110 , pp. 118-135
    • Gamache, J.F.1    Houze R.A., Jr.2
  • 15
    • 0001440158 scopus 로고
    • Vertical structure of thunderstorm outflows
    • Goff R. C. 1976 Vertical structure of thunderstorm outflows. Mon. Weather Rev., 104, 1429-1440
    • (1976) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.104 , pp. 1429-1440
    • Goff, R.C.1
  • 16
    • 0001162266 scopus 로고
    • Structure and dynamics of a tropical squall-line system observed during GATE
    • Houze, R. A. Jr. 1977 Structure and dynamics of a tropical squall-line system observed during GATE. Mon. Weather Rev., 105, 1540-1567
    • (1977) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.105 , pp. 1540-1567
    • Houze R.A., Jr.1
  • 17
    • 85041146632 scopus 로고
    • Academic Press, San Diego, USA
    • 1993 Cloud Dynamics. Academic Press, San Diego, USA
    • (1993) Cloud Dynamics
  • 19
    • 0024821779 scopus 로고
    • Interpretation of Doppler weather-radar displays, in midlatitude mesoscale convective systems
    • Houze, R. A. Jr., Rutledge, S. A., Biggerstaff, M. I. and Smull, B. F. 1989 Interpretation of Doppler weather-radar displays, in midlatitude mesoscale convective systems. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. 70, 608-619
    • (1989) Bull. Amer. Meteorol. , vol.70 , pp. 608-619
    • Houze R.A., Jr.1    Rutledge, S.A.2    Biggerstaff, M.I.3    Smull, B.F.4
  • 20
    • 0025584027 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale organization of springtime rainstorms in Oklahoma
    • Houze, R. A. Jr., Smull, B. F. and Dodge, P. J. 1990 Mesoscale organization of springtime rainstorms in Oklahoma. Mon. Weather Rev., 118, 613-654
    • (1990) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.118 , pp. 613-654
    • Houze R.A., Jr.1    Smull, B.F.2    Dodge, P.J.3
  • 21
    • 0001439628 scopus 로고
    • A composite analysis of the boundary layer accompanying a tropical squall line
    • Johnson, R. H. and Nicholls, M. E. 1983 A composite analysis of the boundary layer accompanying a tropical squall line. Mon. Weather Rev., 111, 308-319
    • (1983) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.111 , pp. 308-319
    • Johnson, R.H.1    Nicholls, M.E.2
  • 22
    • 0026286644 scopus 로고
    • Precipitation and kinematic structure of an oceanic mesoscale convective system. Part I: Convective line structure
    • Jorgensen, D. P., LeMone, M. A. and Jou, B. J-D. 1991 Precipitation and kinematic structure of an oceanic mesoscale convective system. Part I: Convective line structure. Mon. Weather Rev., 119, 2608-2637
    • (1991) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.119 , pp. 2608-2637
    • Jorgensen, D.P.1    LeMone, M.A.2    Jou, B.J.-D.3
  • 23
    • 0030532768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-beam techniques for deriving wind fields from airborne Doppler radars
    • Jorgensen, D. P., Matejka, T. and DuGranrut, J. D. 1996 Multi-beam techniques for deriving wind fields from airborne Doppler radars. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 59, 83-104
    • (1996) Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. , vol.59 , pp. 83-104
    • Jorgensen, D.P.1    Matejka, T.2    DuGranrut, J.D.3
  • 24
    • 0031200801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and evolution of the 22 February 1993 TOGA COARE squall line: Aircraft observations of precipitation, circulation, and surface energy fluxes
    • Jorgensen, D. P., LeMone, M. A. and Trier, S. B. 1997 Structure and evolution of the 22 February 1993 TOGA COARE squall line: Aircraft observations of precipitation, circulation, and surface energy fluxes. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 1961-1985
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 1961-1985
    • Jorgensen, D.P.1    LeMone, M.A.2    Trier, S.B.3
  • 25
    • 0026613199 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary morphology of precipitation systems in tropical northern Australia
    • Keenan, T. D. and Carbone, R. E. 1992 A A preliminary morphology of precipitation systems in tropical northern Australia. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 118, 283-326
    • (1992) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.118 , pp. 283-326
    • Keenan, T.D.1    Carbone, R.E.2
  • 26
    • 0032807586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic characteristics of air flowing into and out of precipitating convection over the west Pacific warm pool
    • Kingsmill, D. E. and Houze, R. A., Jr. 1999 Thermodynamic characteristics of air flowing into and out of precipitating convection over the west Pacific warm pool. Q. J. D Meteorol. Soc., 125, 1209-1229
    • (1999) Q. J. D Meteorol. Soc. , vol.125 , pp. 1209-1229
    • Kingsmill, D.E.1    Houze R.A., Jr.2
  • 27
    • 0028554558 scopus 로고
    • Initiation and development of rear inflow within the 28-29 June 1989 North Dakota mesoconvective system
    • Klimowski, B. A. 1994 Initiation and development of rear inflow within the 28-29 June 1989 North Dakota mesoconvective system. Mon. Weather Rev., 122, 765-779
    • (1994) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.122 , pp. 765-779
    • Klimowski, B.A.1
  • 28
    • 0024849999 scopus 로고
    • A numerical investigation of the organization and interaction of the convective and stratiform regions of tropical squall lines
    • Lafore, J-P. and Moncrieff, M. W. 1989 A numerical investigation of the organization and interaction of the convective and stratiform regions of tropical squall lines. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 521-544
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 521-544
    • Lafore, J.-P.1    Moncrieff, M.W.2
  • 29
    • 0018704635 scopus 로고
    • The structure and evolution of convection in a tropical cloud cluster
    • Leary, C. A. and Houze, R. A. Jr. 1979 The structure and evolution of convection in a tropical cloud cluster. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 437-457
    • (1979) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 437-457
    • Leary, C.A.1    Houze R.A., Jr.2
  • 30
    • 0020863425 scopus 로고
    • Momentum transport by a line of cumulonimbus
    • LeMone, M. A. 1983 Momentum transport by a line of cumulonimbus. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1815-1834
    • (1983) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 1815-1834
    • LeMone, M.A.1
  • 31
    • 0028554070 scopus 로고
    • Momentum and mass transport by convective bands: Comparisons of highly idealized dynamical models to observations
    • LeMone, M. A. and Moncrieff, M. W. 1994 Momentum and mass transport by convective bands: Comparisons of highly idealized dynamical models to observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 281-305
    • (1994) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 281-305
    • LeMone, M.A.1    Moncrieff, M.W.2
  • 32
    • 0021638952 scopus 로고
    • Momentum flux by lines of cumulonimbus over the tropical oceans
    • LeMone, M. A., Barnes, G A. and Zipser, E. J. 1984a Momentum flux by lines of cumulonimbus over the tropical oceans. J. Atmos. Sci. 41, 1914-1932
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 1914-1932
    • LeMone, M.A.1    Barnes, G.A.2    Zipser, E.J.3
  • 33
    • 0021556640 scopus 로고
    • The tilt of the leading edge of mesoscale tropical convective lines
    • LeMone, M. A., Barnes, G. A., Szoke, E. J. and Zipser, E. J. 1984b The tilt of the leading edge of mesoscale tropical convective lines. Mon. Weather Rev., 112, 510-519
    • (1984) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.112 , pp. 510-519
    • LeMone, M.A.1    Barnes, G.A.2    Szoke, E.J.3    Zipser, E.J.4
  • 34
    • 0029729565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mass and momentum transports by organized convection: Effects of shear and buoyancy
    • Liu, C. and Moncrieff, M. W. 1996 Mass and momentum transports by organized convection: Effects of shear and buoyancy. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 964-979
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 964-979
    • Liu, C.1    Moncrieff, M.W.2
  • 35
    • 0003094688 scopus 로고
    • Severe local storms: A review
    • American Meteorological Society, Boston, USA
    • Ludlam, F. H. 1963 Severe local storms: a review. Pp. 1-30 in Meteorological Monograph, 5, American Meteorological Society, Boston, USA
    • (1963) Meteorological Monograph , vol.5 , pp. 1-30
    • Ludlam, F.H.1
  • 36
    • 0000462522 scopus 로고
    • Detection of a 40-50 day oscillation in the tropical Pacific
    • Madden, R. and Julian, P. 1972 Detection of a 40-50 day oscillation in the tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 702-708
    • (1972) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.29 , pp. 702-708
    • Madden, R.1    Julian, P.2
  • 37
    • 0027065945 scopus 로고
    • An integrated review of the 1987 Australian monsoon and its mesoscale convective systems. I: Horizontal structure
    • Mapes, B. E. and Houze, R. A. Jr. 1992 An integrated review of the 1987 Australian monsoon and its mesoscale convective systems. I: Horizontal structure. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 118, 927-963
    • (1992) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.118 , pp. 927-963
    • Mapes, B.E.1    Houze R.A., Jr.2
  • 38
    • 0027849791 scopus 로고
    • Cloud clusters and superclusters over the oceanic warm pool
    • 1993 Cloud clusters and superclusters over the oceanic warm pool. Mon. Weather Rev., 121, 1398-1415
    • (1993) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.121 , pp. 1398-1415
  • 39
    • 0019707058 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of West African and East Atlantic cloud clusters: A survey of GATE
    • Martin, D. W. and Schreiner, A. J. 1981 Characteristics of West African and East Atlantic cloud clusters: A survey of GATE. Mon. Weather Rev., 109, 1671-1688
    • (1981) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.109 , pp. 1671-1688
    • Martin, D.W.1    Schreiner, A.J.2
  • 40
    • 0001560852 scopus 로고
    • The merger of mesoscale data sets into a common Cartesian format for efficient and systematic analyses
    • Mohr, C. G., Miller, L. J., Vaughan, R. L. and Frank, H. W. 1986 The merger of mesoscale data sets into a common Cartesian format for efficient and systematic analyses. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 3, 144-161
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.3 , pp. 144-161
    • Mohr, C.G.1    Miller, L.J.2    Vaughan, R.L.3    Frank, H.W.4
  • 41
    • 84987068975 scopus 로고
    • The dynamical structure of two-dimensional steady convection in constant vertical shear
    • Moncrieff, M. W. 1978 The dynamical structure of two-dimensional steady convection in constant vertical shear. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 104, 543-567
    • (1978) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.104 , pp. 543-567
    • Moncrieff, M.W.1
  • 42
    • 0019353155 scopus 로고
    • A theory of organized steady convection and its transport properties
    • 1981 A theory of organized steady convection and its transport properties. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 107, 29-50
    • (1981) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.107 , pp. 29-50
  • 43
    • 0027069248 scopus 로고
    • Organized convective systems: Archetypal dynamical models, mass and momentum flux theory, and parametrization
    • 1992 Organized convective systems: Archetypal dynamical models, mass and momentum flux theory, and parametrization. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 118, 819-850
    • (1992) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.118 , pp. 819-850
  • 44
    • 0002636746 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of severe convective storms
    • American Meteorological Society, Boston, USA
    • Newton, C. W. 1963 Dynamics of severe convective storms. Pp. 33-58 in Meteorological Monograph, 5, American Meteorological Society, Boston, USA
    • (1963) Meteorological Monograph , vol.5 , pp. 33-58
    • Newton, C.W.1
  • 45
    • 0019695171 scopus 로고
    • Interactive Doppler editing software
    • preprints American Meteorological Society, Boston, USA
    • Oye, R. and Carbone, R. 1981 'Interactive Doppler editing software'. Pp. 683-689 in preprints of 20th conference on radar meteorology, American Meteorological Society, Boston, USA
    • (1981) 20th Conference on Radar Meteorology , pp. 683-689
    • Oye, R.1    Carbone, R.2
  • 46
    • 0029424349 scopus 로고
    • Software for radar translation, visualization, editing, and interpolation
    • preprints, American Meteorological Society, Boston, USA
    • Oye, R., Mueller, C. and Smith, S. 1995 'Software for radar translation, visualization, editing, and interpolation'. Pp. 359-361 in preprints, 27th conference on radar meteorology, American Meteorological Society, Boston, USA
    • (1995) 27th Conference on Radar Meteorology , pp. 359-361
    • Oye, R.1    Mueller, C.2    Smith, S.3
  • 48
    • 0001573518 scopus 로고
    • On the heat balance in the equatorial trough zone
    • Riehl, H. and Malkus, J. S. 1958 On the heat balance in the equatorial trough zone. Geophysica, 6, 502-538
    • (1958) Geophysica , vol.6 , pp. 502-538
    • Riehl, H.1    Malkus, J.S.2
  • 49
    • 0024193149 scopus 로고
    • A theory for strong, long-lived squall lines
    • Rotunno, R., Klemp, J. B. and Weisman, M. L. 1988 A theory for strong, long-lived squall lines. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 463-485
    • (1988) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.45 , pp. 463-485
    • Rotunno, R.1    Klemp, J.B.2    Weisman, M.L.3
  • 50
    • 0000532950 scopus 로고
    • A discussion of the parametrization of momentum exchange by cumulus convection
    • Schneider, E. J. and Lindzen, R. S. 1976 A discussion of the parametrization of momentum exchange by cumulus convection. J. Geophys. Res., 81, 3158-3161
    • (1976) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.81 , pp. 3158-3161
    • Schneider, E.J.1    Lindzen, R.S.2
  • 51
    • 0019091726 scopus 로고
    • Parametrization of convective effects on the momentum and vorticity budgets of synoptic-scale Atlantic tropical waves
    • Shapiro, L. J. and Stevens, D. E. 1980 Parametrization of convective effects on the momentum and vorticity budgets of synoptic-scale Atlantic tropical waves. Mon. Weather Rev., 108, 1816-1826
    • (1980) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.108 , pp. 1816-1826
    • Shapiro, L.J.1    Stevens, D.E.2
  • 54
    • 0023557566 scopus 로고
    • Rear inflow in squall lines with trailing stratiform precipitation
    • Smull, B. F. and Houze, R. A. Jr. 1987 Rear inflow in squall lines with trailing stratiform precipitation. Mon. Weather Rev., 115, 2869-2889
    • (1987) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.115 , pp. 2869-2889
    • Smull, B.F.1    Houze R.A., Jr.2
  • 55
    • 0020332269 scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional convection in nonconstant shear: A model of midlatitude squall lines
    • Thorpe, A. J., Miller, M. J. and Moncrieff, M. W. 1982 Two-dimensional convection in nonconstant shear: a model of midlatitude squall lines. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 108, 739-762
    • (1982) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.108 , pp. 739-762
    • Thorpe, A.J.1    Miller, M.J.2    Moncrieff, M.W.3
  • 56
    • 0024907516 scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive mass flux scheme lor cumulus parametrization in large-scale models
    • Tiedtke, M, 1989 A comprehensive mass flux scheme lor cumulus parametrization in large-scale models. Mon. Weather Rev., 117, 1779-1800
    • (1989) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.117 , pp. 1779-1800
    • Tiedtke, M.1
  • 57
    • 0344185135 scopus 로고
    • The role of convection in surface property and velocity fluctuations
    • Ulanski, S. L., Hadlock, R. K. and Garstang, M. 1973 The role of convection in surface property and velocity fluctuations. Boundary-Layer Meteorol., 6, 183-195
    • (1973) Boundary-Layer Meteorol. , vol.6 , pp. 183-195
    • Ulanski, S.L.1    Hadlock, R.K.2    Garstang, M.3
  • 58
    • 0020380856 scopus 로고
    • The life cycle of thunderstorm gust fronts as viewed with Doppler radar and rawinsonde data
    • Wakimoto, R. M. 1982 The life cycle of thunderstorm gust fronts as viewed with Doppler radar and rawinsonde data. Mon. Weather Rev., 110, 1060-1082
    • (1982) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.110 , pp. 1060-1082
    • Wakimoto, R.M.1
  • 59
    • 0028575159 scopus 로고
    • The role of hydrological processes in ocean-atmosphere interactions
    • Webster, P. J. 1994 The role of hydrological processes in ocean-atmosphere interactions. Rev. Geophys., 32, 427-475
    • (1994) Rev. Geophys. , vol.32 , pp. 427-475
    • Webster, P.J.1
  • 60
    • 0027098515 scopus 로고
    • TOGA COARE: The coupled ocean-atmosphere response experiment
    • Webster, P. J. and Lukas, R. 1992 TOGA COARE: The coupled ocean-atmosphere response experiment. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 73, 1377-1416
    • (1992) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.73 , pp. 1377-1416
    • Webster, P.J.1    Lukas, R.2
  • 61
    • 0027099598 scopus 로고
    • The role of convectively generated rear-inflow jets in the evolution of long-lived mesoconvective systems
    • Weisman, M. L. 1992 The role of convectively generated rear-inflow jets in the evolution of long-lived mesoconvective systems. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1826-1847
    • (1992) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 1826-1847
    • Weisman, M.L.1
  • 62
    • 0023499084 scopus 로고
    • Satellite-observed characteristics of winter monsoon cloud clusters
    • Williams, M. and Houze, R. A. Jr. 1987 Satellite-observed characteristics of winter monsoon cloud clusters. Mon. Weather Rev., 115, 505-519
    • (1987) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.115 , pp. 505-519
    • Williams, M.1    Houze R.A., Jr.2
  • 63
    • 0001419412 scopus 로고
    • Convective wakes in the equatorial western Pacific during TOGA
    • Young, G. S., Perugini, S. M. and 1995 Convective wakes in the equatorial western Pacific during TOGA. Fairall, C. W. Mon. Weather Rev., 123, 110-123
    • (1995) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 110-123
    • Young, G.S.1    Perugini, S.M.2    Fairall, C.W.3
  • 65
    • 0014580530 scopus 로고
    • The role of organized unsaturated convective downdraughts in the structure and rapid decay of an equatorial disturbance
    • Zipser, E. J. 1969 The role of organized unsaturated convective downdraughts in the structure and rapid decay of an equatorial disturbance. J. Appl. Meteorol., 8, 799-814
    • (1969) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.8 , pp. 799-814
    • Zipser, E.J.1
  • 66
    • 0019727552 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale motion fields associated with a slowly moving GATE convective band
    • Zipser, E. J., Meitin, R. J. and LeMone, M. A. 1981 Mesoscale motion fields associated with a slowly moving GATE convective band. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1725-1750
    • (1981) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.38 , pp. 1725-1750
    • Zipser, E.J.1    Meitin, R.J.2    LeMone, M.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.