Powder filling into hard gelatine capsules on a tamp filling machine

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

Volumn 185, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 237-254

  Podczeck, Fridrun ^a   Newton, J Michael ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Angle of internal flow; Capsule filling; Carr's compressibility index; Dynamic powder densification; Powder filled hard gelatine capsules; Tamp filling machine

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM PHOSPHATE DIBASIC; CELLULOSE; GELATIN; LACTOSE; MAGNESIUM CARBONATE; MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; STARCH;

ARTICLE; CAPSULE FILLING; DRUG CAPSULE; MICROCAPSULE; POWDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

CAPSULES; CHEMISTRY, PHARMACEUTICAL; EXCIPIENTS; GELATIN; PARTICLE SIZE; POWDERS;

EID: 0032782307     PISSN: 03785173     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-5173(99)00169-6     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Adams M.J., McKeown R. Micromechanical analyses of the pressure-volume relationships for powders under confined uniaxial compression. Powder Technol. 88:1996;155-163.
2. British Pharmacopoeia, 1998. Vol. 2, The Stationary Office Ltd., London, Appendix XIIH, p. A201.
3. BS 2955 British Standard, 1993. Terms relating to particle technology. British Standard Institution, London, p. 7.
4. Carr R.L. Evaluating flow properties of solids. Chem. Eng. 72:1965;163-168.
5. Cole E.T. Hartgelatinekapseln. Sucker H., Fuchs P., Speiser P. Pharmazeutische Technologie. 1991;319-320 Thieme, Stuttgart.
6. Cole G.C., May G. Instrumentation of a hard shell encapsulation machine. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 24:1972;122P-123.
7. Cole G.C., May G. The instrumentation of a Zanasi LZ/64 capsule filling machine. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 27:1975;353-358.
8. Davar N., Shah R., Pope D.G., Augsburger L.L. The selection of a dosing disk on a Höfliger-Karg capsule-filling machine. Pharm. Technol. Int. 9(2):1997;32-48.
9. European Pharmacopoeia, 1997, 3rd ed. European Department for the Quality of Medicine within the Council of Europe, Strasbourg, p. 133.
10. Edmundson I.C. Particle size analysis. Bean H.S., Beckett A.H., Carless J.E. Advances in Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2:1967;95-179 Academic Press, London.
11. Hauer B., Remmele T., Züger O., Sucker H. Gezieltes Entwickeln und Optimieren von Kapselformulierungen mit einer instrumentierten Dosierröhrchen-Kapselabfüllmaschine. 1. Mitt.: Instrumentierung und Einfluß der Füllgut - und Maschinenparameter. Pharm. Ind. 55:1993;509-515.
12. Hauer B., Remmele T., Sucker H. Gezieltes Entwickeln und Optimieren von Kapselformulierungen mit einer instrumentierten Dosierröhrchen-Kapselabfüllmaschine. 2. Mitt.: Grundlagen der Optimierungsstrategie. Pharm. Ind. 55:1993;780-786.
13. Heda P.K., Muteba K., Augsburger L.L. Comparison of the formulation requirements of dosator and dosing disc automatic capsule filling machines. Pharm. Sci. 1:1998;176.
14. Jolliffe I.G., Newton J.M. An investigation of the relationship between particle size and compression during capsule filling with an instrumented mG2 simulator. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 34:1982;415-419.
15. Jolliffe I.G., Newton J.M., Cooper D. The design and use of an instrumented mG2 capsule filling machine simulator. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 34:1982;230-235.
16. Jones B. Powder formulations for capsule filling. Manuf. Chemist. 2(7):1988;28-33.
17. Jones B. Two-piece gelatin capsules: excipients for powder products, European practice. Pharm. Technol. Eur. 7:1995;25-34.
18. Kawakita K. Science. 26:1956;149. (in Japanese).
19. Lai S., Podczeck F., Newton J.M., Daumesnil R. An expert system to aid the development of capsule formulations. Pharm. Technol. Eur. 8(9):1996;60-68.
20. Lüdde K.H., Kawakita K. Die Pulverkompression. Pharmazie. 21:1966;393-403.
21. Mohammadi M.S., Harnby N. Bulk density modelling as a means of typifying the microstructure and flow characteristics of cohesive powders. Powder Technol. 92:1997;1-8.
22. Newton J.M., Bader F. The prediction of the bulk densities of powder mixtures, and its relationship to the filling of hard gelatin capsules. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 33:1981;621-626.
23. Newton J.M., Bader F. The angle of internal flow as an indicator of filling and drug release properties of capsule formulations. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 39:1987;164-168.
24. Newton J.M., Podczeck F., Lai S., Daumesnil R. The design of an expert system to aid the development of capsule formulations. Hashida M. Formulation Design of Oral Dosage Forms. 1998;236-244 Yakugyo Jiho, Tokyo. (in Japanese).
25. Pfeifer W., Marquardt G. Untersuchungen zur Häufigkeit und Ursachen von Fehldosierungen bei der Abfüllung von Hartgelatinekapseln. 1. Mitt.: Fehldosierungen während der Abfüllung von Pulvern bzw. Granulaten in Hartgelatinekapseln. Pharm. Ind. 46:1984;860-863.
26. Podczeck F. A shape factor to assess the shape of particles using image analysis. Powder Technol. 93:1997;47-53.
27. Podczeck F. Particle-Particle Adhesion in Pharmaceutical Powder Handling. 1998;109 Imperial College Press, London.
28. Podczeck F., Lee-Amies G. The bulk volume changes of powders by granulation and compression with respect to capsule filling. Int. J. Pharm. 142:1996;97-102.
29. Podczeck F., Révész P. Evaluation of the properties of microcrystalline and microfine cellulose powders. Int. J. Pharm. 91:1993;183-193.
30. Podczeck F., Sharma M. The influence of particle size and shape of components of binary powder mixtures on the maximum volume reduction due to packing. Int. J. Pharm. 137:1996;41-47.
31. Podczeck F., Claes L., Newton J.M. Filling of powdered herbs into hard gelatine capsules. Manuf. Chemist. 70(2):1999;29-33.
32. Podczeck, F., Blackwell, S., Gold, M., and Newton, J.M., 1999b. The filling of granules into hard gelatine capsules, Int. J. Pharm. (in press).
33. Shah K.B., Augsburger L.L., Marshall K. An investigation of some factors influencing plug formation and fill weight in a dosing disk-type automatic capsule-filling machine. J. Pharm. Sci. 75:1986;291-296.
34. Small L.E., Augsburger L.L. Instrumentation of an automatic capsule-filling machine. J. Pharm. Sci. 66:1977;504-509.
35. Tan S.B., Newton J.M. Powder flowability as an indication of capsule filling performance. Int. J. Pharm. 61:1990;145-155.
36. Tenenhaus M., Young F.W. An analysis and synthesis of multiple correspondence analysis, optimal scaling, dual scaling and other methods for quantifying categorical multivariate data. Psychometrica. 50:1985;90-104.
37. Varthalis S., Pilpel N. Anomalies in some properties of powder mixtures. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 28:1976;415-419.
38. Yamashiro M., Yuasa Y., Kawakita K. An experimental study on the relationships between compressibility, fluidity and cohesion of powder solids at small tapping numbers. Powder Technol. 34:1983;225-231.