New narrow-beam meteor radar results at Christmas Island: Implications for diurnal wind estimation

Radio Science

Volumn 34, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 179-197

  Chang, J L ^a   Avery, S K ^a   Vincent, R A ^b  

^a UCB 450   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTRIC FIELDS; IONIZATION OF GASES; IONOSPHERE; RADAR; RADAR SYSTEMS; TIDES; UPPER ATMOSPHERE; VELOCITY; GEOPHYSICS; OSCILLATIONS; RADAR ANTENNAS; RADAR MEASUREMENT; WIND;

DIURNAL OSCILLATIONS; GEOPHYSICAL PHENOMENA; GRAVITY-WAVE BREAKING; MEDIUM FREQUENCY RADARS; MESOSPHERE AND LOWER THERMOSPHERE; METEOR RADAR SYSTEMS; NEUTRAL WIND VELOCITY; STRONG ELECTRIC FIELDS;

RADAR MEASUREMENT; METEOROLOGICAL RADAR;

DIURNAL WIND; NARROW-BEAM METEOR RADARS;

EID: 0032776271     PISSN: 00486604     EISSN: 1944799X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/1998RS900012     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Avery, S. K., J. P. Avery, T. A. Valentic, S. E. Palo, M. J. Leary, R. L. Obert, A new meteor echo detection and collection system: Christmas Island mesospheric measurements, Radio Sci., 25, 657-669, 1990.
2. Balsley, B. B., Electric fields in the equatorial ionosphere: A review of techniques and measurements, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 35, 1035-1044, 1973.
3. Balsley, B. B., E-region dynamics, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 39, 1087-1096, 1977.
4. Balsley, B. B., A. C. Riddle, Monthly mean values of the mesospheric wind field over Poker Flat, Alaska, J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2368-2374, 1984.
5. Balsley, B. B., D. A. Carter, R. F. Woodman, Vertical ionization drifts in the lower equatorial ionosphere and the meridional current systems, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 1296-1300, 1976.
6. Batista, P. P., B. R. Clemesha, D. M. Simonich, V. W. J. H. Kirchhoff, Tidal oscillations in the atmospheric sodium layer, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 3881-3888, 1985.
7. Cervera, M. A., I. M. Reid, Comparison of simultaneous wind measurements using colocated VHF meteor radar and MF spaced antenna radar systems, Radio Sci., 30, 1245-1261, 1995.
8. Chang, J. L., S. K. Avery, Observations of the diurnal tide in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere over Christmas Island, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 1895-1907, 1997.
9. Chang, J. L., S. K. Avery, A. C. Riddle, S. E. Palo, K. S. Gage, First results of tropospheric gravity wave momentum flux measurements over Christmas Island, Radio Sci., 32, 727-748, 1997.
10. Chapin, E., Simultaneous observations of meteors and the equatorial electrojet at Jicamarca, Ph.D. thesis,Univ. of Ill. at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 1996.
11. Chapin, E., E. Kudeki, Radar interferometric imaging studies of long-duration meteor echoes observed at Jicamarca, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 8937-8949, 1994 a.
12. Chapin, E., E. Kudeki, Plasma wave excitation on meteor trails in the equatorial electrojet, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2433-2436, 1994 b.
13. Clark, R. R., Meteor wind measurements at Durham, New Hampshire (43N, 43W), J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1689-1693, 1975.
14. Connor, L. N., S. K. Avery, A three-year gravity wave climatology of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere over Kauai, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 4065-4077, 1996.
15. Eckermann, S. D., D. K. Rajapadhyaya, R. A. Vincent, Intraseasonal wind variability in the equatorial mesosphere and the lower thermosphere: Long-term observations from central Pacific, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 59, 603-627, 1997.
16. Ekanayake, E. M. P., T. Aso, S. Miyahara, Background wind effect on propagation of nonmigrating diurnal tides in the middle atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 59, 401-429, 1997.
17. Elford, W. G., D. S. Robertson, Measurements of winds in the upper atmosphere by means of drifting meteor trails, II, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 4, 271-284, 1953.
18. Forbes, J. M., The equatorial electrojet, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 19, 469-504, 1981.
19. Franke, S. J., T. Beatty, D. Thorsen, C. H. Liu, C. S. Gardner, F. L. Roesler, J. Harlander, Simultaneous Na lidar and HF radar observations of vertical velocities in the mesosphere above Urbana, Illinois, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 69-72, 1990.
20. Gage, K. S., B. B. Balsley, W. L. Ecklund, R. F. Woodman, S. K. Avery, Wind-profiling Doppler radars for tropical atmospheric research, Eos Trans. AGU, 71, 1851-1854, 1990.
21. Gage, K. S., B. B. Balsley, W. L. Ecklund, D. A. Carter, J. R. McAfee, Wind profiler-related research in the tropical Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 3209-3220, 1991.
22. Gage, K. S., J. R. McAfee, W. L. Ecklund, D. A. Carter, C. R. Williams, P. E. Johnston, A. C. Riddle, The Christmas Island wind profiler: A prototype VHF wind-profiling radar for the tropics, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 11, 22-31, 1994.
23. Greenhow, J. S., A radio echo method for the investigation of atmospheric winds at altitudes of 80 to 100 km, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 2, 282-291, 1952.
24. Hagan, M. E., J. M. Forbes, F. Vial, On modeling migrating solar tides, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 893-896, 1995.
25. Hagan, M. E., J. L. Chang, S. K. Avery, Global-scale wave model estimates of nonmigrating tidal effects, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16439-16452, 1997 a.
26. Hagan, M. E., C. McLandress, J. M. Forbes, Diurnal tidal variability in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere, Ann. Geophys., 15, 1176-1186, 1997 b.
27. Harris, T. J., R. A. Vincent, The quasi-two-day wave observed in the equatorial middle atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10481-10490, 1993.
28. Hays, P. B., V. J. Abreu, M. E. Dobbs, D. A. Gell, H. J. Grassl, W. R. Skinner, The high-resolution Doppler imager on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10713-10723, 1993.
29. Hines, C. O., G. W. Adams, J. W. Brosnahan, F. T. Djuth, M. P. Sulzer, C. A. Tepley, J. S. Van Baelen, Multi-instrument observation of mesospheric motions over Arecibo: Comparisons and interpretations, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 55, 241-287, 1993.
30. Hocking, W. K., T. Thayaparan, Simultaneous and colocated observation of winds and tides by MF and meteor radars over London, Canada (43N, 81W), during 1994-1996, Radio Sci., 32, 833-865, 1997.
31. Hoppe, U.-P., D. C. Fritts, High-resolution measurements of vertical velocity with the European incoherent scatter VHF radar, 1, Motion field characteristics and measurement biases, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16813-16825, 1995.
32. Khattatov, B. V., et al., Dynamics of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere as seen by MF radars and by the high-resolution Doppler imager/UARS, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10393-10404, 1996.
33. Kudeki, E., D. T. Farley, Aspect sensitivity of equatorial eletrojet irregularities and theoretical implications, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 426-434, 1989.
34. Kwon, K. H., C. S. Gardner, D. C. Senft, F. L. Roesler, J. Harlander, Daytime lidar measurements of tidal winds in the mesospheric sodium layer at Urbana, Illinois, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 8781-8786, 1987.
35. Manning, L. A., O. G. Villard Jr., A. M. Peterson, Meteoric echo study of upper atmospheric winds, Proc. IRE, 38, 877-883, 1950.
36. McKinley, D. W. R., Meteor Science and Engineering, McGraw-Hill Series in Engineering Sciences, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1961.
37. Nakamura, T., T. Tsuda, M. Tsutsumi, K. Kita, T. Uehara, S. Kato, S. Fukao, Meteor wind observations with the MU radar, Radio Sci., 26, 857-869, 1991.
38. Nakamura, T., T. Tsuda, M. Tsutsumi, Development of an external interferometer for meteor wind observation attached to the MU radar, Radio Sci., 32, 1203-1214, 1997.
39. Palo, S. E., S. K. Avery, Observations of the meridional quasi two-day wave in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere at Christmas Island, The Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere: A Review of Experiment and Theory, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., 87, R. M. Johnson, T. L. Killeen, 101-110, AGU, Washington, D. C., 1995.
40. Prusa, J. M., P. K. Smolarkiewicz, R. R. Garcia, Propagation and breaking at high latitudes of gravity waves excited by tropospheric forcing, J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2186-2216, 1996.
41. Reid, G. C., The influence of electric fields on radar measurements of winds in the upper mesosphere, Radio Sci., 18, 1028-1034, 1983.
42. Reid, I. M., R. A. Vincent, Measurements of mesospheric gravity wave momentum fluxes and mean flow accelerations at Adelaide, Australia, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 49, 443-460, 1987.
43. Richmond, A. D., Equatorial electrojet, I, Development of a model including winds and instabilities, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 35, 1083-1103, 1973.
44. Robertson, D. S., D. T. Liddy, W. G. Elford, Measurements of winds in the upper atmosphere by means of drifting meteor trails, I, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 4, 255-270, 1953.
45. Roper, R. G., MWR-Meteor wind radars, Handbook for MAP, R. A. Vincent, 13, 124-134, SCOSTEP Secr., Univ. of Ill., Urbana, 1984.
46. Røyrvik, O., Spaced antenna drift at Jicamarca, mesospheric measurements, Radio Sci., 18, 461-476, 1983.
47. Shepherd, G. G., et al., WINDII, the WIND imaging interferometer on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10725-10750, 1993.
48. Valentic, T. A., New approaches to meteor radar data processing, Ph.D. thesis,Univ. of Colo., Boulder, 1996.
49. Valentic, T. A., J. P. Avery, S. K. Avery, MEDAC/SC: A third generation meteor echo detection and collection system, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 34, 15-21, 1996 a.
50. Valentic, T. A., J. P. Avery, S. K. Avery, M. A. Cervera, W. G. Elford, R. A. Vincent, I. M. Reid, A comparison of meteor radar systems at Buckland Park, Radio Sci., 31, 1313-1329, 1996 b.
51. Valentic, T. A., J. P. Avery, S. K. Avery, R. A. Vincent, A comparison of winds measured by meteor radar systems and an MF radar at Buckland Park, Radio Sci., 32, 867-874, 1997.
52. Vincent, R. A., MF/HF radar measurements of the dynamics of the mesopause region-A review, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 46, 961-974, 1984.
53. Vincent, R. A., D. Lesicar, Dynamics of the equatorial mesosphere: First results with a new generation partial reflection radar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 825-828, 1991.
54. Vincent, R. A., I. M. Reid, HF Doppler measurements of mesospheric gravity wave momentum fluxes, J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1321-1333, 1983.
55. Vincent, R. A., S. Kovalam, D. C. Fritts, J. R. Isler, Long-term MF radar observations of solar tides in the low-latitude mesosphere: Interannual variability and comparisons with the GSWM, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8667-8683, 1998.
56. Wang, S. T., D. Tetenbaum, B. B. Balsley, R. L. Obert, S. K. Avery, J. P. Avery, A meteor echo detection and collection system for use on VHF radars, Radio Sci., 23, 46-54, 1988.