The use of indices to identify changes in climatic extremes

Climatic Change

Volumn 42, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 131-149

  Jones, P D ^a   Horton, E B ^b   Folland, C K ^b   Hulme, M ^a   Parker, D E ^b   Basnett, T A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA   (United Kingdom)

^b MET OFFICE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; EXTREME EVENT; FORECASTING METHOD;

UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 0032775267     PISSN: 01650009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1005468316392     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Alexandersson, H. and Moberg, A., 1997: 'Homogenization of Swedish temperature data, Part 1: Homogeneity test for linear trends', Int. J. Climatol. 17, 25-34.
2. Allan, R.J., Lindesay, J.A. and Parker, D.E., 1996: El Niño Southern Oscillation and Climatic Variability, CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 405pp.
3. 2', Climate Dynamics 12, 467-476.
4. Conway, D. and Jones, P.D., 1996: POPSICLE - Production of Precipitation Scenarios for Impact Assessment of Climate Change in Europe. Final Report to the European Community Environment Research Programme (EV5V-CT94-0510).
5. Conway, D., Wilby, R.L. and Jones, P.D., 1996: 'Precipitation and airflow indices over the British Isles',Climate Research 7, 169-183.
6. Easterling, D.R. and Peterson, T.C., 1995: 'A new method for detecting and adjusting for undocumented discontinuities in climatological time series', Int. J. Climatol. 15, 369-377.
7. Horton, E.B., Folland, C.K. and Parker, D.E., 1998: 'The incidence of extremes in worldwide and Central England temperatures', Climatic Research Technical Note 83, Hadley Centre, Meteorological Office, Bracknell, U.K.
8. Hulme, M., 1994: 'Validation of large-scale precipitation fields in General Circulation Models', in Desbois, M. and Désalmond, F. (eds.), Global Precipitations and Climate Change, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 387-405.
9. Hulme, M., 1997: 'The climate in the UK from November 1994 to October 1995',Weather 52, 242-257.
10. Hulme, M. and Jones, P.D., 1991: 'Temperatures and windiness over the UK during the winters 1988/89 and 1989/90 compared to previous years', Weather 46, 126-135.
11. Hulme, M., Briffa, K.R., Jones, P.D. and Senior, C.A., 1993: 'Validation of GCM control simulations using indices of daily airflow types over the British Isles', Climate Dynamics 9, 95-105.
12. Jackson, M.C., 1976: 'A classification of the snowiness of 100 winters - a tribute to the late L.C.W. Bonacina', Weather 32, 91-97.
13. Jenkinson, A.F. and Collison, B.P., 1977: 'An initial climatology of gales over the North Sea', Synoptic Climatology Branch Memorandum No. 62, UK Met. Office, Bracknell, 18pp.
14. Jones, P.D., 1987: 'The early twentieth century Arctic high - fact or fiction?',Climate Dynamics 1, 63-75.
15. Jones, P.D., 1994: 'Hemispheric surface air temperature variability - a reanalysis and an update to 1993', J. Climate 7, 1794-1802.
16. Jones, P.D. and Conway, D., 1997: 'Precipitation in the British Isles: an analysis of area-average data updated to 1995', Int. J. Climatol. 17, 427-438.
17. Jones, P.D. and Hulme, M., 1997: 'The changing temperature of 'Central England'', in Hulme, M. and Barrow, E., Climates of the British Isles: present, past and future, Routledge, London, 173-196.
18. Jones, P.D., Raper, S.C.B., Bradley, R.S., Diaz, H.F., Kelly, P.M. and Wigley, T.M.L., 1986: 'Northern Hemisphere surface air temperature variations, 1851-1984', J. Clim. Appl. Met. 25, 161-179.
19. Jones, P.D., Hulme, M. and Briffa, K.R., 1993: 'A comparison of Lamb circulation types with an objective classification scheme', Int. J. Climatol. 13, 656-663.
20. Jones, P.D., Conway, D. and Briffa, K.R., 1997a: 'Precipitation variability and drought', in Hulme, M and Barrow, E., Climates of the British Isles: present, past and future, Routledge, London, 197-219.
21. Jones, P.D., Jȯnsson, T. and Wheeler, D., 1997b: 'Extension to the North Atlantic Oscillation using early instrumental pressure observations from Gibraltar and SW Iceland', Int. J. Climatol. 17, 1433-1450.
22. Jones, P.D., Osborn, T.J. and Briffa, K.R., 1997c: 'Estimating sampling errors in large-scale temperature averages', J. Climate 10, 2548-2568.
23. Lamb, H.H., 1972: 'British Isles weather types and a register of the daily sequence of circulation patterns, 1861-1971', Geophysical Memoirs 116, HMSO London, 85pp.
24. Manley, G., 1974: 'Central England temperatures: monthly means 1659-1973', Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 100, 389-405.
25. NCDC, 1994: Global Daily Summary (TD9950), CDROM produced by National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, NC.
26. New, M., Hulme, M. and Jones, P.D., 1998: 'Representing twentieth century climate, Part 1: Construction of a 1961-90 mean monthly terrestrial climatology', J. Climate (in press).
27. Parker, D.E., 1994: 'Effects of changing exposure of thermometers at land stations', Int J.Climatol. 14, 1-31.
28. Parker, D.E., and Folland, C.K., 1988: 'The climate of the world, Part 9: Climatic change in the instrumental period', Long-Range Forecasting and Climate Research LRFC27, Meteorological Office, U.K., Unpublished document available from the National Meteorological Library, Met. Office, Bracknell, UK, RG12 2SZ.
29. Parker, D.E., Legg, T.P. and Folland, C.K., 1992: 'A new daily Central England Temperature Series, 1772-1991', Int. J. Climatol. 12, 317-342.
30. Parker, D.E., Folland, C.K. and Jackson, M., 1995: 'Marine surface temperature: observed variations and data requirements', Climatic Change 31, 559-600.
31. Parker, D.E., Horton, E.B. and Gordon, M., 1998: 'Global and regional climate in 1997', Weather 53, 166-175.
32. Peterson, T.C. and Vose, R.S., 1997: 'An overview of the Global Historical Climatology Network temperature data base', Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 78, 2837-2849.
33. Razuveyev, V.N., Apasova, E.G., Martuganov, R.A., Vose, R.S. and Steurer, P.M., 1993: 'Daily temperature and precipitation data for 223 USSR stations', Numerical Data Package NDP-040, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge, TN, 47pp plus two appendices.
34. Smith, S.G., 1982: 'An index of windiness for the United Kingdom', Meteorological Magazine 111, 232-247.