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Prevalence of the major rheumatic disorders in the adult population of north Pakistan
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1 Farooqi A, Gibson T: Prevalence of the major rheumatic disorders in the adult population of north Pakistan. Br J Rheumatol 1998, 37:491-495. Fibromyalgia was almost completely absent from the urban affluent adult population in North Pakistan.
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2 Forseth KO, Gran JT, Husby G: A population study of the incidence of fibromyalgia among women aged 26-55 yr. Br J Rheumatol 1997, 36:1318-1323.
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4 Grady EP, Carpenter MT, Koenig CD, Older SA, Battafarano DF: Rheumatic findings in gulf war veterans. Arch Intern Med 1998, 158:367-371. Fifty-nine percent of Gulf War veterans referred for rheumatology consultation had soft tissue syndromes. Seventeen percent of them were diagnosed as having fibromyalgia.
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5 Wolfe F, Smythe HA, Yunus MB, Bennett RM, Bombardier C, Goldenberg DL, et al: The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of FM: report of the Multicenter Criteria Committee. Arthritis Rheum 1990, 33:160-172.
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Examination of tenderness: Learning to use 4 kg force
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6 Smythe H: Examination of tenderness: learning to use 4 kg force. J Rheumatol 1998, 25:149-151. Specific training efficiently reduces interobserver variation in pressure used in tender point examinations. These skills should be periodically refreshed to prevent drift into error.
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7 Simms RW, Goldenberg DL, Felson DT, Mason JH: Tenderness in 75 anatomic sites distinguishing fibromyalgia from controls. Arthritis Rheum 1988, 31:182-187.
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8 Langevitz P, Buskila D: Studying tenderness: a clue to understanding fibromyalgia. Isr J Med Sci 1992, 28:41-42.
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What use are fibromyalgia control points?
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9 Wolfe F: What use are fibromyalgia control points? J Rheumatol 1998, 25:546-550. Positive control points are a common feature (63%) in fibromyalgia and appear to be a marker for a generally low pain threshold rather than worse disease.
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J Rheumatol
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Wolfe, F.1
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Ethnocultural and educational differences in Israeli women correlate with pain perception in fibromyalgia
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10 Neumann L, Buskila D: Ethnocultural and educational differences in Israeli women correlate with pain perception in fibromyalgia. J Rheumatol 1998, 25:1369-1373. Education, rather than ethnic identity, has been found to be an important factor in clinical features of fibromyalgia.
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Neumann, L.1
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Comparison of clinical and psychologic features of fibromyalgia and masticatory myofascial pain
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11 Cimino R, Michelotti A, Stradi R, Farinaro C: Comparison of clinical and psychologic features of fibromyalgia and masticatory myofascial pain. J Orofacial Pain 1998, 12:35-41.
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Comorbidity between myofascial pain of the masticatory muscles and fibromyalgia
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12 Dao TT, Reynolds WJ, Tenenbaum HC: Comorbidity between myofascial pain of the masticatory muscles and fibromyalgia. J Orofacial Pain 1997, 11:232-241.
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Dao, T.T.1
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Tenenbaum, H.C.3
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Joint hypermobility in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome
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13 Acasuso-Diaz M, Collantes-Estevez E: Joint hypermobility in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. Arthritis Care Res 1998, 11:39-42.
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Arthritis Care Res
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The association of soft tissue rheumatism and hypermobility
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14 Hudson N, Fitzcharles MA, Cohen M, Starr MR, Esdaile JM: The association of soft tissue rheumatism and hypermobility. Br J Rheumatol 1998, 37:382-386.
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Br J Rheumatol
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15 Weiss DJ, Kreck T, Albert RK: Dyspnea resulting from fibromyalgia. Chest 1998, 113:246-249.
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Weiss, D.J.1
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16 Mikkelsson M, Salminen JJ, Kautiainen H: Non-specific musculoskeletal pain in preadolescents: prevalence and 1-year persistence. Pain 1997, 73:29-35.
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Fibromyalgia syndrome in children and adolescents: Clinical features at presentation and status at follow-up
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17 Siegel DM, Janeway D, Baum J: Fibromyalgia syndrome in children and adolescents: clinical features at presentation and status at follow-up. Pediatrics 1998, 101:377-82. The prognosis of fibromyalgia in children and adolescents was quite good. The majority of 45 subjects improved over 2 to 3 years of follow-up.
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Siegel, D.M.1
Janeway, D.2
Baum, J.3
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18
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0029679994
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Performance of point count and dolorimetry in assessing nonarticular tenderness in children
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18 Neumann L, Smythe HA, Buskila D: Performance of point count and dolorimetry in assessing nonarticular tenderness in children. J Musculoskeletal Pain 1996, 4:29-35.
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19
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Fibromyalgia syndrome in children - An outcome study
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19 Buskila D, Neumann L, Hershman E, Gedalia A, Press J, Sukenik S: Fibromyalgia syndrome in children - an outcome study. J Rheumatol 1995, 22:525-528.
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Sukenik, S.6
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20
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0031811024
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Social context of pain in children with juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome: Parental pain history and family environment
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20 Schanberg LE, Keefe FJ, Lefebvre JC, Kredich DW, Gil KM: Social context of pain in children with juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome: parental pain history and family environment. Clin J Pain 1998, 14:107-115.
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21
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0030778850
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Psychosocial factors in fibromyalgia compared with rheumatoid arthritis: II. Sexual, physical, and emotional abuse and neglect
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21 Walker EA, Keegan D, Gardner G, Sullivan M, Bernstein D, Katon WJ: Psychosocial factors in fibromyalgia compared with rheumatoid arthritis: II. sexual, physical, and emotional abuse and neglect. Psychosom Med 1997, 59:572-577.
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Sexual and physical abuse in women with fibromyalgia: Association with outpatient health care utilization and pain medication usage
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22 Alexander RW, Bradley LA, Alarcon GS, Triana-Alexander M, Aaron LA, Alberts KR, et al: Sexual and physical abuse in women with fibromyalgia: association with outpatient health care utilization and pain medication usage. Arthritis Care Res 1998, 11:102-115.
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23
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Fibromyalgia in hepatitis C virus infection: Another infectious disease relationship
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23 Buskila D, Shnaider A, Neumann L, Zilberman D, Hilzenrat N, Sikuler E: Fibromyalgia in hepatitis C virus infection: another infectious disease relationship. Arch Intern Med 1997, 157:2497-2500.
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24
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0031748742
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Fibromyalgia is not a muscle disorder
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24 Simms RW: Fibromyalgia is not a muscle disorder. Am J Med Sci 1998, 315:346-350. This useful review examines critically the data against muscle involvement in FM.
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Am J Med Sci
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Simms, R.W.1
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25
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0031800874
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Skeletal muscle abnormalities in patients with fibromyalgia
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25 Olsen NJ, Park JH: Skeletal muscle abnormalities in patients with fibromyalgia. Am J Med Sci 1998, 315:351-358. This is a useful review article on skeletal muscle abnormalities in FM.
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Am J Med Sci
, vol.315
, pp. 351-358
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Olsen, N.J.1
Park, J.H.2
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26
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0031907810
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Use of P-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy to detect metabolic abnormalities in muscle of patients with fibromyalgia
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26 Park JH, Phothimat P, Oates CT, Hernanz-Schulman M, Olsen NJ: Use of P-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy to detect metabolic abnormalities in muscle of patients with fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum 1998, 41:406-413. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy provided objective evidence for metabolic abnormalities consistent with weakness and fatigue in patients with fibromyalgia.
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Arthritis Rheum
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Park, J.H.1
Phothimat, P.2
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28
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0037797353
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Sleep, daytime symptoms, and cognitive performance in patients with fibromyalgia
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28 C-Ote KA, Moldofsky H: Sleep, daytime symptoms, and cognitive performance in patients with fibromyalgia. J Rheumatol 1997, 24:2014-2023.
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J Rheumatol
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C-Ote, K.A.1
Moldofsky, H.2
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29
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0031839276
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Fibromyalgia and women's pursuit of personal goals: A daily process analysis
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29 Affleck G, Tennen H, Urrows S, Higgins P, Abeles M, Hall C, et al: Fibromyalgia and women's pursuit of personal goals: a daily process analysis. Health Psychol 1998, 17:40-47.
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Affleck, G.1
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30
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85047670773
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Living with fibromyalgia: Sense of coherence perception of well-being, and stress in daily life
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30 Soderberg S, Lundman B, Norberg A: Living with fibromyalgia: sense of coherence perception of well-being, and stress in daily life. Res Nurs Health 1997, 20:495-503.
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Soderberg, S.1
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2442753635
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Hyperexcitability in fibromyalgia
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31 Sörensen J, Graven-Nielsen T, Henriksson KG, Bengtsson M, Arend-Nielsen L: Hyperexcitability in fibromyalgia. J Rheumatol 1998, 25:152-155. Intramuscular pain was provoked by electrical stimuli and infusion of hypertonic saline in muscle without spontaneous pain in 12 patients with fibromyalgia and matched controls. The pain threshold to repeated intramuscular stimulation was significantly lower for the patients with fibromyalgia compared to control group, and muscle pain evoked by hypertonic saline was of longer duration in fibromyalgia patients than in controls. This study supports the hypothesis that hyperalgesia in patients with fibromyalgia is due to an upregulation in the central nociceptive system.
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(1998)
J Rheumatol
, vol.25
, pp. 152-155
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Sörensen, J.1
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Henriksson, K.G.3
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Arend-Nielsen, L.5
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32
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0031835646
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Function of the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with fibromyalgia and low back pain
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32 Griep EN, Boersma JW, Lentjes EEF GWM, Prins APA, van der Korst JK, de Kloet ER: Function of the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with fibromyalgia and low back pain. J Rheumatol 1998, 25:1374-1381.
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J Rheumatol
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Griep, E.N.1
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Prins, A.P.A.4
Van Der Korst, J.K.5
De Kloet, E.R.6
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33
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0031965196
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Low growth hormone secretion in patients with fibromyalgia-a preliminary report on 10 patients and 10 controls
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33 Bagge EB, Bengtsson BA, Carlsson L, Carlsson J: Low growth hormone secretion in patients with fibromyalgia-a preliminary report on 10 patients and 10 controls. J Rheumalol 1998, 25:145-148. Measurement of 24-hour growth hormone secretion in patients with fibromyalgia revealed significantly lower secretion of this hormone in patients in comparison to healthy controls. This finding was interpreted as indicating disturbed neuroendocrine function as a possible cause of fibromyalgia.
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J Rheumalol
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Bagge, E.B.1
Bengtsson, B.A.2
Carlsson, L.3
Carlsson, J.4
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34
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0032033744
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A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of growth hormone in the treatment of fibromyalgia
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34 Bennett RM, Clark SC, Walczyk J: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of growth hormone in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Am J Med 1998, 104:227-231. This important study has demonstrated that women with fibromyalgia and low IGF-1 levels experienced an improvement in their overall symptoms and number of tender points after 9 months of daily growth hormone therapy. These results suggest that a secondary growth hormone deficiency may be responsible for some of the symptoms of fibromyalgia.
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Am J Med
, vol.104
, pp. 227-231
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Bennett, R.M.1
Clark, S.C.2
Walczyk, J.3
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35
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0031802642
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Neuroendocrine abnormalities in fibromyalgia and related disorders
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35 Crofford LJ: Neuroendocrine abnormalities in fibromyalgia and related disorders. J Med Sci 1998, 315:359-366. This is a useful review of the current thinking on neuroendocrine abnormalities in fibromyalgia and related disorders.
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J Med Sci
, vol.315
, pp. 359-366
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Crofford, L.J.1
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36
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0031936473
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Normal melatonin levels in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome
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36 Press J, Phillip M, Neumann L, Barak R, Segev Y, Abu-Shakra M, Buskila D: Normal melatonin levels in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. J Rheumatol 1998, 25:551-555.
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J Rheumatol
, vol.25
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Press, J.1
Phillip, M.2
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Barak, R.4
Segev, Y.5
Abu-Shakra, M.6
Buskila, D.7
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37
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0030755264
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Increased concentrations of homocysteine in the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome
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37 Regland B, Andersson M, Abrahamsson L, Bagby J, Dyrehag LE, Gottfries CG: Increased concentrations of homocysteine in the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. Scand J Rheumatol 1997, 26:301-307.
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Scand J Rheumatol
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Regland, B.1
Andersson, M.2
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Dyrehag, L.E.5
Gottfries, C.G.6
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38
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0031749023
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Advances in fibromyalgia: Possible role for central neurochemicals
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38 Russell IJ: Advances in fibromyalgia: possible role for central neurochemicals. Am J Med Sci 1998, 315:377-384. This is an excellent review article on the possible role of central neurochemicals in the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia.
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Am J Med Sci
, vol.315
, pp. 377-384
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Russell, I.J.1
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39
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0030915938
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Quality of life and physical functioning of relatives of fibromyalgia patients
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39 Neumann L, Buskila D: Quality of life and physical functioning of relatives of fibromyalgia patients. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997, 26:834-839.
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Semin Arthritis Rheum
, vol.26
, pp. 834-839
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Neumann, L.1
Buskila, D.2
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40
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0030724498
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Fibromyalgia is a major contributor to quality of life in lupus
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40 Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Gough J, MacKinnon A: Fibromyalgia is a major contributor to quality of life in lupus. J Rheumatol 1997, 24:2145-2148.
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J Rheumatol
, vol.24
, pp. 2145-2148
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Gladman, D.D.1
Urowitz, M.B.2
Gough, J.3
Mackinnon, A.4
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41
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0030863693
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Quality of life of patients with familial mediterranean fever
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41 Buskila D, Zaks N, Neumann L, Livneh A, Greenberg S, Pras M, Langevitz P: Quality of life of patients with familial Mediterranean fever. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1997, 15:355-360.
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(1997)
Clin Exp Rheumatol
, vol.15
, pp. 355-360
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Buskila, D.1
Zaks, N.2
Neumann, L.3
Livneh, A.4
Greenberg, S.5
Pras, M.6
Langevitz, P.7
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42
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0031902177
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Chronic pain patients' quality of life improves with increased life control
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42 Burton HJ, Kline S, Hargadon R, Shick R, Ong M, Cooper B: Chronic pain patients' quality of life improves with increased life control. Pain Clin 1998, 11:33-42. Elevated life control score is associated with increased quality of life for patients with chronic pain (including fibromyalgia). Patients with an internal life control orientation exhibit a more favorable quality of life.
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Pain Clin
, vol.11
, pp. 33-42
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Burton, H.J.1
Kline, S.2
Hargadon, R.3
Shick, R.4
Ong, M.5
Cooper, B.6
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43
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0031747465
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A randomised double-blind 16-week study of ritanserin in fibromyalgia syndrome: Clinical outcome and analysis of autoantibodies to serotonin gangliosides and phospholipids
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43 Olin R, Klein R, Berg PA: A randomised double-blind 16-week study of ritanserin in fibromyalgia syndrome: clinical outcome and analysis of autoantibodies to serotonin gangliosides and phospholipids. Clin Rheumatol 1998, 17:89-94. Ritanserin, a long-acting 5-hydroxytryptamine 2-receptor blocker, was not effective in fibromyalgia.
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Clin Rheumatol
, vol.17
, pp. 89-94
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Olin, R.1
Klein, R.2
Berg, P.A.3
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44
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0031944601
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A placebo controlled crossover trial of subcutaneous salmon calcitonin in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia
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44 Bessette L, Carette S, Fossel AH, Lew RA: A placebo controlled crossover trial of subcutaneous salmon calcitonin in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia. Scand J Rheumatol 1998, 27:112-116.
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Scand J Rheumatol
, vol.27
, pp. 112-116
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Bessette, L.1
Carette, S.2
Fossel, A.H.3
Lew, R.A.4
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45
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0031938850
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Evaluation of S-adenosylmethionine in secondary fibromyalgia: A double-blind study
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45 Tavoni A, Jeracitano G, Cirigliano G: Evaluation of S-adenosylmethionine in secondary fibromyalgia: a double-blind study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1998, 16:106-107.
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Clin Exp Rheumatol
, vol.16
, pp. 106-107
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Tavoni, A.1
Jeracitano, G.2
Cirigliano, G.3
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46
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0030840737
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Double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study of intravenous S-adenosyl-L-methionine in patients with fibromyalgia
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46 Volkmann H, Norregaard J, Jacobsen S, Danneskiold-Samsoe B, Knoke G, Nehrdich D: Double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study of intravenous S-adenosyl-L-methionine in patients with fibromyalgia. Scand J Rheumatol 1997, 26:206-211.
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Scand J Rheumatol
, vol.26
, pp. 206-211
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Volkmann, H.1
Norregaard, J.2
Jacobsen, S.3
Danneskiold-Samsoe, B.4
Knoke, G.5
Nehrdich, D.6
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47
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0031946836
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An open clinical trial of venlafaxine treatment of fibromyalgia
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47 Dwight MM, Arnold LM, O'Brien H, Metzger R, Morris-Parke E, Keck PE Jr. An open clinical trial of Venlafaxine treatment of fibromyalgia. Psychosomatics 1998, 39:14-17. Six of 11 (55%) of patients with fibromyalgia experienced 50% or more reduction of fibromyalgia symptoms when treated with the novel antidepressant venlafaxine.
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Psychosomatics
, vol.39
, pp. 14-17
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Dwight, M.M.1
Arnold, L.M.2
O'Brien, H.3
Metzger, R.4
Morris-Parke, E.5
Keck P.E., Jr.6
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48
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