Association of obesity with physical activity, television programs and other forms of video viewing among children in Mexico City

International Journal of Obesity

Volumn 23, Issue 8, 1999, Pages 845-854

  Hernández, Bernardo ^a   Gortmaker, S L ^b   Colditz, G A ^c   Peterson, K E ^b   Laird, N M ^b   Parra Cabrera, S ^a  

^a INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD PÚBLICA   (Mexico)

^b HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Children; Mexico; Obesity; Physical activity; Television viewing

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; AGE; ARTICLE; BODY HEIGHT; BODY WEIGHT; CALORIC INTAKE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FAT INTAKE; GENDER; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MEXICO; NORMAL HUMAN; OBESITY; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SCHOOL CHILD; SKINFOLD THICKNESS; TELEVISION; TRICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE; VIDEORECORDING;

EID: 0032767232     PISSN: 03070565     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800962     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Sepúlveda-Amor J, Lezana MA, Tapia-Conyer R, Valdespino JL, Madrigal H, Kumate J. Estado nutricional de preescolares y mujeres en México: resultados de una encuesta probabilística nacional. Gac Méd Méx 1990; 126: 207-224.
2. Hernández B, Peterson K, Sobol A, Rivera J, Sepúlveda J, Lezana MA. Sobrepeso y obesidad en mujeres de 12 a 49 años y niños menores de 5 años. Sal Púb Méx 1996; 38: 178-188.
3. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán. Encuesta de alimentacin en áreas rurales (ENAL). Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 1997.
4. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán. Encuesta de alimentación en el área metropolitana de la ciudad de México (ENURBAL). Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 1995.
5. Secretaria de Salud-Mexico. Mortalidad 1996. Mexico City: Secretaría de Salud, 1997.
6. Sánchez E. Telèvisión, socialización y educación informal en Guadalajara. In Rebeil MA, Montoya A (eds). Televisión y Desnacionalización. Mexico: University of Colima, 1987; 47-72.
7. Màya C, Silva MI. Los medios de comunicación y los estudiantes de educación básica del Distrito Federal. In: Rebeil MA and Montoya A (eds). Televisión y Desnacionalización. Mexico: University of Colima, 1987: pp. 101-125.
8. Reforma. Ahora los niños opinan: evaluación de los niños sobre sus escuelas y maestros. Mexico, Reforma, July 7 1996, p 4A.
9. Dietz WH, Gortmaker SL. Do we fatten our children at the TV set? Obesity and television viewing in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 1985; 75: 807-812.
10. Taitz L. The obese child. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1983.
11. Bray GA. Obesity. In: Ziegler EE, Filer LS (ed) Present Knowledge in Nutrition. Washington D.C.: International Life Sciences Institute. 1996.
12. Rosenbaum M, Leibel R, Hirsch J. Obesity. N Eng J Med 1997; 337: 396-407.
13. Gortmaker S, Dietz W, Cheung L. Inactivity, diet and the fattening of America. J Am Diet Ass 1990; 90(9): 1247-1255.
14. Taras HL, Gage M. Advertised foods on children's television. Arc Pediatr Adolesc Med 1995; 149: 649-652.
15. Lewis MK, Hill AJ. Food advertising on British children's television: a content analysis and experimental study with nine-year olds. Int J Obes 1988; 22: 206-214.
16. Klesges RC, Shelton ML, Klesges LM. Effects of television on metabolic rate: Potential implications for childhood obesity. Pediatrics 1993; 91: 281-286.
17. Dietz W, Bandini LG, Morelli JA, Peers KF, Ching PLYH. Effect of sedentary activities on resting metabolic rate. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 59: 556-559.
18. Buchowski MS, Sun M. Energy expenditure, TV viewing and obesity. Int J Obes 1996; 20: 236-244.
19. Dietz W. Physical activity and childhood obesity. Nutrition 1991; 7: 295-296.
20. Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorell R. Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual. Champaign IL: Human Kinetics Books, 1988.
21. Habicht JP. Estandarización de métodos epidemiológicos cuantitativos sobre el terreno. Bol San Panam 1974; 76: 375-385.
22. Himes JH, Dietz WH. Guidelines for overweight in adolescent preventive services: recommendations from an expert committee. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 59: 307-316
23. World Health Organization. Physical Status: The Use and Interpretation of Anthropometry. WHO Technical Report Series No. 854. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 1995.
24. Must A, Dallal GE, Dietz WH. Reference data for obesity: 85th and 95th percentiles of body mass index (wth/ht2) and triceps skinfold thickness. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53: 839-846.
25. Must A, Dallal GE, Dietz WH. Reference data for obesity: 85th and 95th percentiles of body mass index (wth/ht2) and triceps skinfold thickness - a correction Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 54: 773.
26. Roche AF, Siervogel RM, Chumlea WC, Webb P. Grading body fatness from limited anthropometric data. Am J Clin Nutr 1981; 34: 2831-2838.
27. Revicki DA, Israel RG. Relationship between body mass indices and measures of body adiposity. Am J Pub Health 1986; 76: 992-994.
28. Wang J, Thornton JC, Russell M, Burastero S, Heymsfield S, Pierson R. Asians have lower body mass index (BMI) but higher percent body fat than do whites: comparisons of anthropometric measurements. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 60: 23-28.
29. Daniels SR, Khoury PR, Morrison JA. The utility of body mass index as a measure of body fatness in children and adolescents: differences by race and gender. Pediatrics 1997; 99: 804-807.
30. Himes JH, Bouchard C. Validity of anthropometry in classifying youth as obese. Int J Obes 1989; 113: 183-193.
31. Freedman DS, Burke GL, Harsha DW, Srinivasan SR, Cresanta JL, Webber LS, Berenson GS. Relationship of changes in obesity to serum lipoprotein changes in childhood and adolescence. J Am Med Ass 1985; 254: 515-520.
32. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study Research Group. Obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in black and white girls: the NHLBT Growth and Health Study. Am J Pub Health 1992; 82: 1613-1620.
33. Rosner B, Willett WC. Interval estimates for correlation coefficients corrected for within-person variation: implications for study design and hypothesis testing. Am J Epidemiol 1988; 127: 377-386.
34. Ainsworth B, Haskell W, Leon A Jacobs DR, Montoye HJ, Sallis JF, Paffenbarger RS. Compendium of Physical Activities: classification of energy costs of human physical activities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993; 25(1): 71-80.
35. Rockett HR, Wolf AM, Colditz GA. Development and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire to assess diets of older children and adolescents. J Am Diet Ass 1995; 95: 336-340.
36. Rockett H, Breitenbach M, Frazier A, Witschi J, Wolf AM, Field AE, Colditz GA. Validation of a youth/adolescent food frequency questionnaire. Prev Med 1997; 26: 808-816.
37. Hernández-Avila M, Romieu I, Parra-Cabrera S, Hernández-Avila JE, Madrigal H, Willett W. Validity and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary intake of women living in Mexico City. Salud Pública de México 1998; 40: 133-140.
38. Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública-México. SNUT 2.1: sistema para cálculo de vectores nutricionales. México, 1996.
39. Whitaker RC, Wright JA, Pepe MA, Seidel KD, Dietz WH. Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 869-873.
40. Sorensen T, Stunkard AJ, Teasdale TW, Higgins MW. The accuracy of reports of weight: children's recall of their parent's weights 15 years earlier. Int J Obes 1983; 7: 115-122.
41. Tanner JM. Fetus into Man. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1990.
42. StataCorp. Stata Statistical Software: Release 5.0 College Station, TX: Stata Corporation. 1996.
43. Scrimshaw N. Energy cost of communicable diseases in infancy and childhood. In: Schurch B, Scrimshaw N (eds). Activity, Energy intake and energy requirements of infants and children. Geneva: International Dietary Energy Consultancy Group, Proceedings from IDECG Workshop, 1989; pp 215-218.
44. Huber PJ. The behavior of maximum likelihood estimates under non-standard conditions. Proc 5th Berkeley Symp on Mathematical Statistics and Probability 1967; 1: 221-223.
45. White H. A heteroskedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimator and a direct test for heteroskedasticity. Econometrica 1980; 48: 817-830.
46. Gortmaker S, Must A, Sobol A, Peterson K, Colditz G, Dietz W. Television viewing as a cause of increasing obesity among children in the United States, 1986-1990. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1996; 150: 356-362.
47. Hirsch J, Hudgins LC, Leibel RL, Rosenbaum M. Diet composition and energy balance in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 67: (Suppl): S551-S555.
48. Gazzaniga JM, Burns TL. Relationship between diet composition and body fattness with adjustment for resting energy expenditure and physical activity, in preadolescent children Am J Clin Nutr 1993; 58: 21-28.
49. Martorell R, Mendoza FS, Castillo RO, Pawson IG, Budge CC. Short and plump physique of Mexican-American children. Am J Phys Antropol 1987; 73: 475-487.
50. Kolbe LJ, Kann L, Collins JL. Overview of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Pub Health Rep 1993; 108 (Suppl 1): S2-S10.