메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 69, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 251-275

Physical-biological coupling on oyster reefs: How habitat structure influences individual performance

Author keywords

Crassostrea virginica; Estuary; Flow speed; Hydrodynamics; Hydrographics; Mortality; Oyster growth; Predation; Recruitment; Reefs; Sedimentation; Suspension feeders

Indexed keywords

ARTIFICIAL REEF; FLOW VELOCITY; GROWTH; HABITAT QUALITY; HABITAT STRUCTURE; HYDRODYNAMICS; HYDROGRAPHY; PHYSICAL PROPERTY; RECRUITMENT; SIZE EFFECT; SURVIVAL;

EID: 0032765810     PISSN: 00129615     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9615(1999)069[0251:PBCOOR]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (305)

References (88)
  • 1
    • 0030921434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sedimentation and subtidal macroalgal assemblages: An experimental study of a Mediterranean rocky shore
    • Airoldi, L., and F. Cinelli. 1997. Effects of sedimentation and subtidal macroalgal assemblages: an experimental study of a Mediterranean rocky shore. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 215:269-288.
    • (1997) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , vol.215 , pp. 269-288
    • Airoldi, L.1    Cinelli, F.2
  • 3
    • 0344962965 scopus 로고
    • The effect of seston on the growth of bivalves at three depths in Long Island Sound
    • Anders, M. L., and G. Lopez. 1988. The effect of seston on the growth of bivalves at three depths in Long Island Sound. Journal of Shellfish Research 7:146-147.
    • (1988) Journal of Shellfish Research , vol.7 , pp. 146-147
    • Anders, M.L.1    Lopez, G.2
  • 4
    • 51249170309 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary report on attracting fish by oyster-shell plantings in Chincoteague Bay, Maryland
    • Arve, R. 1960. Preliminary report on attracting fish by oyster-shell plantings in Chincoteague Bay, Maryland. Chesapeake Science 1:58-65.
    • (1960) Chesapeake Science , vol.1 , pp. 58-65
    • Arve, R.1
  • 6
    • 0024939583 scopus 로고
    • Effect of current on the sessile benthic community structure of an artificial reef
    • Bayne, T. W., and A. M. Szmant. 1989. Effect of current on the sessile benthic community structure of an artificial reef. Bulletin of Marine Science 44:545-566.
    • (1989) Bulletin of Marine Science , vol.44 , pp. 545-566
    • Bayne, T.W.1    Szmant, A.M.2
  • 8
    • 0024907514 scopus 로고
    • The effects of trees on their physical, chemical, and biological environments in semi-arid savannah in Kenya
    • Belsky, A. J., R. G. Ammundson, J. M. Duxbury, S. J. Riha, A. R. Ali, and S. M. Mwonga. 1989. The effects of trees on their physical, chemical, and biological environments in semi-arid savannah in Kenya. Journal of Applied Ecology 26:1005-1024.
    • (1989) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.26 , pp. 1005-1024
    • Belsky, A.J.1    Ammundson, R.G.2    Duxbury, J.M.3    Riha, S.J.4    Ali, A.R.5    Mwonga, S.M.6
  • 9
    • 0031822979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making mountains out of barnacles: The dynamics of acorn barnacle hummocking
    • Bertness, M. D., S. D. Gaines, and S. M. Yeh. 1998. Making mountains out of barnacles: the dynamics of acorn barnacle hummocking. Ecology 79:1382-1394.
    • (1998) Ecology , vol.79 , pp. 1382-1394
    • Bertness, M.D.1    Gaines, S.D.2    Yeh, S.M.3
  • 10
    • 0026055633 scopus 로고
    • Influence of hydrodynamics on the passive dispersal and initial recruitment of larvae of Acanthaster planci (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) on the Great Barrier Reef
    • Black, K. P., and P. J. Moran. 1991. Influence of hydrodynamics on the passive dispersal and initial recruitment of larvae of Acanthaster planci (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) on the Great Barrier Reef. Marine Ecology Progress Series 69:55-65.
    • (1991) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.69 , pp. 55-65
    • Black, K.P.1    Moran, P.J.2
  • 11
    • 0027091062 scopus 로고
    • Episodic hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay: Interacting effects of recruitment, behavior, and physical disturbance
    • Breitburg, D. L. 1992. Episodic hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay: interacting effects of recruitment, behavior, and physical disturbance. Ecological Monographs 62:525-546.
    • (1992) Ecological Monographs , vol.62 , pp. 525-546
    • Breitburg, D.L.1
  • 12
    • 0029478627 scopus 로고
    • Larval distributions and the spatial patterns of settlement of an oyster reef fish: Response to flow and structure
    • Breitburg. D. L., M. A. Palmer, and T. Loher. 1995. Larval distributions and the spatial patterns of settlement of an oyster reef fish: response to flow and structure. Marine Ecology Progress Series 125:45-60.
    • (1995) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.125 , pp. 45-60
    • Breitburg, D.L.1    Palmer, M.A.2    Loher, T.3
  • 13
    • 0000347963 scopus 로고
    • Species richness of boreal mammals living in montane islands of the Great Basin
    • Brown, J. H. 1971. Species richness of boreal mammals living in montane islands of the Great Basin. American Naturalist 105:467-478.
    • (1971) American Naturalist , vol.105 , pp. 467-478
    • Brown, J.H.1
  • 14
    • 0028164439 scopus 로고
    • Flume experiments on food supply to the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. as a function of boundary-layer flow
    • Butman, C. A., M. Fréchette, W. R, Geyer, and V. R. Starczak. 1994. Flume experiments on food supply to the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. as a function of boundary-layer flow. Limnology and Oceanography 39:1755-1768.
    • (1994) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.39 , pp. 1755-1768
    • Butman, C.A.1    Fréchette, M.2    Geyer, W.R.3    Starczak, V.R.4
  • 15
    • 0023744042 scopus 로고
    • Substrate choices made by marine larvae settling in still water and in a flume flow
    • Butman, C. A., J. P. Grassle, and C. M. Webb. 1988. Substrate choices made by marine larvae settling in still water and in a flume flow. Nature 333:771-773.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.333 , pp. 771-773
    • Butman, C.A.1    Grassle, J.P.2    Webb, C.M.3
  • 16
    • 0011954097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A catalogue of selected species of living oysters (Ostreacea) of the world
    • V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, Maryland, USA
    • Carriker, M. R., and P. M. Gaffney. 1996. A catalogue of selected species of living oysters (Ostreacea) of the world. Pages 1-18 in V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, Maryland, USA.
    • (1996) The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica , pp. 1-18
    • Carriker, M.R.1    Gaffney, P.M.2
  • 17
    • 0024923101 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of treatments after analysis of variance in ecology
    • Day, R. W., and G. P. Quinn. 1989. Comparison of treatments after analysis of variance in ecology. Ecological Monographs 59:433-463.
    • (1989) Ecological Monographs , vol.59 , pp. 433-463
    • Day, R.W.1    Quinn, G.P.2
  • 18
    • 0001108535 scopus 로고
    • Competition, disturbance, and community organization: The provision and subsequent utilization of space in a rocky intertidal community
    • Dayton, P. K. 1971. Competition, disturbance, and community organization: the provision and subsequent utilization of space in a rocky intertidal community. Ecological Monographs 41:351-389.
    • (1971) Ecological Monographs , vol.41 , pp. 351-389
    • Dayton, P.K.1
  • 19
    • 0002278654 scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of experimental analyses of population and community patterns in benthic marine environments
    • K. R. Tenore and B. C. Coull, editors. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, South Carolina. USA
    • Dayton, P. K., and J. S. Oliver. 1980. An evaluation of experimental analyses of population and community patterns in benthic marine environments. Pages 93-120 in K. R. Tenore and B. C. Coull, editors. Marine benthic dynamics. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, South Carolina. USA.
    • (1980) Marine Benthic Dynamics , pp. 93-120
    • Dayton, P.K.1    Oliver, J.S.2
  • 20
    • 0029477482 scopus 로고
    • Marine benthic hypoxia: A review of its ecological effects and the behavioral responses of benthic macrofauna
    • Diaz, R. J., and R. Rosenberg. 1995. Marine benthic hypoxia: a review of its ecological effects and the behavioral responses of benthic macrofauna. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review 33:245-303.
    • (1995) Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review , vol.33 , pp. 245-303
    • Diaz, R.J.1    Rosenberg, R.2
  • 21
    • 84988148092 scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamic processes affecting benthic recruitment
    • Eckman, J. E. 1983. Hydrodynamic processes affecting benthic recruitment. Limnology and Oceanography 28:241-257.
    • (1983) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.28 , pp. 241-257
    • Eckman, J.E.1
  • 22
    • 0025247363 scopus 로고
    • Foraging behavior of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, on juvenile Crassostrea virginica: Effects of prey density and size
    • Eggleston, D. B. 1990. Foraging behavior of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, on juvenile Crassostrea virginica: effects of prey density and size. Bulletin of Marine Science 46:62-82.
    • (1990) Bulletin of Marine Science , vol.46 , pp. 62-82
    • Eggleston, D.B.1
  • 23
    • 0000891464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diseases and defense mechanisms
    • V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, Maryland, USA
    • Ford, S. E., and M. R. Tripp 1996. Diseases and defense mechanisms. Pages 581-660 in V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, Maryland, USA.
    • (1996) The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica , pp. 581-660
    • Ford, S.E.1    Tripp, M.R.2
  • 25
    • 0004556034 scopus 로고
    • Bivalve feeding and the benthic boundary layer
    • R. F. Dame, editor. Bivalve filter feeders in estuarine and coastal ecosystem processes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Germany
    • Frechette, M., D. Lefaivre, and C. A. Butman. 1993. Bivalve feeding and the benthic boundary layer. Pages 325-369 in R. F. Dame, editor. Bivalve filter feeders in estuarine and coastal ecosystem processes. NATO ASI Series G, Ecological sciences. Volume 33. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Germany.
    • (1993) NATO ASI Series G, Ecological Sciences , vol.33 , pp. 325-369
    • Frechette, M.1    Lefaivre, D.2    Butman, C.A.3
  • 26
    • 0002181680 scopus 로고
    • The American oyster Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin)
    • Galtsoff, P. S. 1964. The American oyster Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin). Fishery Bulletin 64.
    • (1964) Fishery Bulletin , vol.64
    • Galtsoff, P.S.1
  • 27
    • 0022899421 scopus 로고
    • Corals on seamounts: Evidence of current accelerations over deep-sea topography
    • Genin, A., P. K. Dayton, P. F. Lonsdale, and F N. Spiess. 1986. Corals on seamounts: evidence of current accelerations over deep-sea topography. Nature 332:59-61.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.332 , pp. 59-61
    • Genin, A.1    Dayton, P.K.2    Lonsdale, P.F.3    Spiess, F.N.4
  • 28
    • 0025164825 scopus 로고
    • Resuspension and growth of Ostrea edulis: A field experiment
    • Grant, J., C. T. Enright, and A. Gris wold. 1990. Resuspension and growth of Ostrea edulis: a field experiment. Marine Biology 104:51-59.
    • (1990) Marine Biology , vol.104 , pp. 51-59
    • Grant, J.1    Enright, C.T.2    Griswold, A.3
  • 29
    • 0027043402 scopus 로고
    • Growth responses of suspension-leeding bivalve molluscs to changes in water flow: Differences between siphonate and non-siphonate taxa
    • Grizzel, R, E., R. Langdon, and W. H. Howell. 1992. Growth responses of suspension-leeding bivalve molluscs to changes in water flow: differences between siphonate and non-siphonate taxa. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 162:213-228.
    • (1992) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , vol.162 , pp. 213-228
    • Grizzel, R.E.1    Langdon, R.2    Howell, W.H.3
  • 30
    • 0013571777 scopus 로고
    • The decline of oyster populations
    • Gross, F., and J. C. Smyth. 1946. The decline of oyster populations. Nature 157:540-542.
    • (1946) Nature , vol.157 , pp. 540-542
    • Gross, F.1    Smyth, J.C.2
  • 31
    • 0003691865 scopus 로고
    • Special report number 290 in applied marine science and ocean engineering. Virginia Sea Grant Marine Advisory Services. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, Virginia, USA
    • Hargis, W. J., and D. S. Haven. 1988. The imperiled oyster industry of Virginia: a critical analysis with recommendations for restoration. Special report number 290 in applied marine science and ocean engineering. Virginia Sea Grant Marine Advisory Services. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, Virginia, USA.
    • (1988) The Imperiled Oyster Industry of Virginia: A Critical Analysis with Recommendations for Restoration
    • Hargis, W.J.1    Haven, D.S.2
  • 32
    • 0000809487 scopus 로고
    • Experimental studies on predation: Dispersion factors and predator-prey oscillations
    • Huffaker, C. B. 1958. Experimental studies on predation: dispersion factors and predator-prey oscillations. Hilgardia 27:343-383.
    • (1958) Hilgardia , vol.27 , pp. 343-383
    • Huffaker, C.B.1
  • 33
    • 0000123207 scopus 로고
    • Paradox of the plankton
    • Hutchinson, G. E. 1961. Paradox of the plankton. American Naturalist 95:137-145.
    • (1961) American Naturalist , vol.95 , pp. 137-145
    • Hutchinson, G.E.1
  • 34
    • 0026339626 scopus 로고
    • Modification of animal habitat by large plants: Mechanisms by which sea-grasses influence clam growth
    • Irlandi, E. A., and C. H. Peterson. 1991. Modification of animal habitat by large plants: mechanisms by which sea-grasses influence clam growth. Occologia 87:307-318.
    • (1991) Occologia , vol.87 , pp. 307-318
    • Irlandi, E.A.1    Peterson, C.H.2
  • 35
    • 0028179028 scopus 로고
    • Organisms as ecosystem engineers
    • Jones, C. G., J. H. Lawton, and M. Shachak. 1994. Organisms as ecosystem engineers. Oikos 69:373-386.
    • (1994) Oikos , vol.69 , pp. 373-386
    • Jones, C.G.1    Lawton, J.H.2    Shachak, M.3
  • 38
    • 0001416804 scopus 로고
    • The effect of temperature and salinity on marine and brackish v, ater animals
    • Kinne, O. 1963. The effect of temperature and salinity on marine and brackish v, ater animals. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review 1:301-340.
    • (1963) Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review , vol.1 , pp. 301-340
    • Kinne, O.1
  • 39
    • 0030457257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale landslide effects on two exposed rocky subtidal areas
    • Konar, B., and C. Roberts. 1996. Large-scale landslide effects on two exposed rocky subtidal areas. Botanica Marina 39:517-524.
    • (1996) Botanica Marina , vol.39 , pp. 517-524
    • Konar, B.1    Roberts, C.2
  • 40
    • 0031550318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water flow over subtidal rock walls: Relation to distribution and growth rates of sessile suspension feeders in Gulf of Maine
    • Leichter, J. J., and J. D. Witman. 1997. Water flow over subtidal rock walls: relation to distribution and growth rates of sessile suspension feeders in Gulf of Maine. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 209:293-307.
    • (1997) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , vol.209 , pp. 293-307
    • Leichter, J.J.1    Witman, J.D.2
  • 42
    • 85038170998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of multiple environmental Stressors on susceptibility to parasites: An experimental determination with oysters
    • In press
    • Lenihan, H. S., F. Micheli, S. W. Shelton, and C. H. Peterson. In press. The influence of multiple environmental Stressors on susceptibility to parasites: an experimental determination with oysters. Limnology and Oceanography.
    • Limnology and Oceanography
    • Lenihan, H.S.1    Micheli, F.2    Shelton, S.W.3    Peterson, C.H.4
  • 43
    • 0031950774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How habitat degradation through fishery disturbance enhances impacts of bottom water hypoxia on oyster reefs
    • Lenihan, H. S., and C. H. Peterson. 1998. How habitat degradation through fishery disturbance enhances impacts of bottom water hypoxia on oyster reefs. Ecological Applications 8:128-140.
    • (1998) Ecological Applications , vol.8 , pp. 128-140
    • Lenihan, H.S.1    Peterson, C.H.2
  • 44
    • 0030446797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does flow speed also have a direct effect on growth of active suspension feeders: An experimental test on oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin)
    • Lenihan, H. S., C. H. Peterson, and J. M. Allen. 1996. Does flow speed also have a direct effect on growth of active suspension feeders: an experimental test on oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin). Limnology and Oceanography 41:1359-1366.
    • (1996) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.41 , pp. 1359-1366
    • Lenihan, H.S.1    Peterson, C.H.2    Allen, J.M.3
  • 45
    • 0031852901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flow-driven variation in intertidal community structure in a Maine estuary
    • Leonard, G. H., J. M. Levine, P. R. Schmidt, and M. D. Bertness. 1998. Flow-driven variation in intertidal community structure in a Maine estuary. Ecology 79:1395-1491.
    • (1998) Ecology , vol.79 , pp. 1395-1491
    • Leonard, G.H.1    Levine, J.M.2    Schmidt, P.R.3    Bertness, M.D.4
  • 46
    • 0001331705 scopus 로고
    • Effects of water turbidity and sedimentation on the community structure of Puerto Rico corals
    • Loya, Y. 1976. Effects of water turbidity and sedimentation on the community structure of Puerto Rico corals. Bulletin of Marine Science 26:450-466.
    • (1976) Bulletin of Marine Science , vol.26 , pp. 450-466
    • Loya, Y.1
  • 47
    • 0001476488 scopus 로고
    • On bird species diversity
    • MacArthur, R. H., and J. W. MacArthur. 1961. On bird species diversity. Ecology 42:594-599.
    • (1961) Ecology , vol.42 , pp. 594-599
    • MacArthur, R.H.1    MacArthur, J.W.2
  • 48
    • 0020860212 scopus 로고
    • To increase oyster production in the northeastern United States
    • MacKenzie, C. L. 1983. To increase oyster production in the northeastern United States. Marine Fisheries Review 45: 1-23.
    • (1983) Marine Fisheries Review , vol.45 , pp. 1-23
    • MacKenzie, C.L.1
  • 49
    • 0002221272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of natural populations
    • V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, Maryland, USA
    • _. 1996. Management of natural populations. Pages 707-721 in V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, Maryland, USA.
    • (1996) The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica , pp. 707-721
  • 50
    • 0028164938 scopus 로고
    • Planktonic trophic transfer in an estuary: Seasonal, diel, and community structure effects
    • Mallin, M. A., and H. W. Paerl. 1994. Planktonic trophic transfer in an estuary: seasonal, diel, and community structure effects. Ecology 75:2168-2184.
    • (1994) Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 2168-2184
    • Mallin, M.A.1    Paerl, H.W.2
  • 54
    • 0031284509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of predator foraging behavior on patterns of prey mortality in marine soft bottoms
    • Micheli, F. 1997. Effects of predator foraging behavior on patterns of prey mortality in marine soft bottoms. Ecological Monographs 67:203-224.
    • (1997) Ecological Monographs , vol.67 , pp. 203-224
    • Micheli, F.1
  • 55
    • 0003923974 scopus 로고
    • Society of Paleontologists and Mineralogists Short course Number 3, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
    • Middleton, G. V., and J. B. Southard. 1984. Mechanics of sediment flow. Second edition. Society of Paleontologists and Mineralogists Short course Number 3, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
    • (1984) Mechanics of Sediment Flow. Second Edition
    • Middleton, G.V.1    Southard, J.B.2
  • 56
    • 0027846530 scopus 로고
    • Larval recruit-ment in response to manipulated field flows
    • Mullineaux, L. S., and E. D. Garland. 1993. Larval recruit-ment in response to manipulated field flows. Marine Biology 116:667-683.
    • (1993) Marine Biology , vol.116 , pp. 667-683
    • Mullineaux, L.S.1    Garland, E.D.2
  • 58
    • 0003825004 scopus 로고
    • Academic Press, North Ryde, Australia
    • Murray, D. R., editor. 1986. Seed dispersal. Academic Press, North Ryde, Australia.
    • (1986) Seed Dispersal
    • Murray, D.R.1
  • 59
    • 0023524175 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of near-bed seston flux and suspension-feeding benthos
    • Muschenheim, D. K. 1987. The dynamics of near-bed seston flux and suspension-feeding benthos. Journal of Marine Research 45:473-496.
    • (1987) Journal of Marine Research , vol.45 , pp. 473-496
    • Muschenheim, D.K.1
  • 60
    • 85038159361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cherry Point Marine Air Station, North Carolina, USA
    • National Weather Service. 1996. Annual compilation of wind data for 1995. Cherry Point Marine Air Station, North Carolina, USA.
    • (1996) Annual Compilation of Wind Data for 1995
  • 61
    • 0002983801 scopus 로고
    • Ecological changes in Chesapeake Bay: Are they the result of overharvesting the American oyster?
    • M. P. Lynch and E. C. Krome, editors. Chesapeake Bay Research Consortium, Publication 129, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
    • Newell, R. I. E. 1988. Ecological changes in Chesapeake Bay: are they the result of overharvesting the American oyster? Pages 536-546 in M. P. Lynch and E. C. Krome, editors. Understanding the estuary: advances in Chesapeake Bay research. Chesapeake Bay Research Consortium, Publication 129, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
    • (1988) Understanding the Estuary: Advances in Chesapeake Bay Research , pp. 536-546
    • Newell, R.I.E.1
  • 62
    • 0000426271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms and physiology of larval and adult feeding
    • V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park. Maryland, USA
    • Newell. R. I. E., and C. J. Langdon. 1996. Mechanisms and physiology of larval and adult feeding. Pages 109-139 in V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park. Maryland, USA.
    • (1996) The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica , pp. 109-139
    • Newell, R.I.E.1    Langdon, C.J.2
  • 64
    • 48549109381 scopus 로고
    • The effects of ambient flow velocity, colony size, and upstream colonies on the feeding success of Bryozoa. I. Conopeum stolonifera Ryland, an arborescent species
    • Okamura, B. 1984. The effects of ambient flow velocity, colony size, and upstream colonies on the feeding success of Bryozoa. I. Conopeum stolonifera Ryland, an arborescent species. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 83:179-193.
    • (1984) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 179-193
    • Okamura, B.1
  • 65
    • 0026498751 scopus 로고
    • Recruitment and growth of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, in North Carolina, USA
    • Ortega. S., and J. P. Sutherland. 1990. Recruitment and growth of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, in North Carolina, USA. Estuaries 15:158-170.
    • (1990) Estuaries , vol.15 , pp. 158-170
    • Ortega, S.1    Sutherland, J.P.2
  • 67
    • 0011862951 scopus 로고
    • Hydrodynamical adaptations in Alcyonium siderium (Octocorallia)
    • D. J. Schneck. editor. Plenum Press, New York, New York, USA
    • Patterson, M. R. 1980. Hydrodynamical adaptations in Alcyonium siderium (Octocorallia). Pages 183-200 in D. J. Schneck. editor. Biofluid mechanics. Plenum Press, New York, New York, USA.
    • (1980) Biofluid Mechanics , pp. 183-200
    • Patterson, M.R.1
  • 69
    • 0028312469 scopus 로고
    • Recruitment of gem clams (Gemma gemma) near a headland wake
    • Rankin, K. L., L. S. Mullineaux, and W. R. Geyer. 1994. Recruitment of gem clams (Gemma gemma) near a headland wake. Estuaries 17:655-667.
    • (1994) Estuaries , vol.17 , pp. 655-667
    • Rankin, K.L.1    Mullineaux, L.S.2    Geyer, W.R.3
  • 70
    • 0028565226 scopus 로고
    • Decline of the Chesapeake Bay oyster population: A century of habitat destruction and overfishing
    • Rothschild, B. J., J. S. Ault, P. Goulletquer, and M. Héral. 1994. Decline of the Chesapeake Bay oyster population: a century of habitat destruction and overfishing. Marine Ecology Progress Series 111:29-39.
    • (1994) Marine Ecology Progress Series , vol.111 , pp. 29-39
    • Rothschild, B.J.1    Ault, J.S.2    Goulletquer, P.3    Héral, M.4
  • 71
    • 0026277888 scopus 로고
    • Habitat structure and recruitment in coral reef fishes
    • S. S. Bell, E. D. McCoy, and H. R. Mushinsky, editors. Chapman and Hall, London, UK
    • Sale, P. F. 1991. Habitat structure and recruitment in coral reef fishes. Pages 197-210 in S. S. Bell, E. D. McCoy, and H. R. Mushinsky, editors. Habitat structure: the physical arrangement of objects in space. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
    • (1991) Habitat Structure: The Physical Arrangement of Objects in Space , pp. 197-210
    • Sale, P.F.1
  • 73
    • 0021915750 scopus 로고
    • Catastrophic anoxia in the Chesapeake Bay in 1984
    • Seliger, H. H., J. A. Boggs, and W. H. Biggley. 1985. Catastrophic anoxia in the Chesapeake Bay in 1984. Science 228:70-73.
    • (1985) Science , vol.228 , pp. 70-73
    • Seliger, H.H.1    Boggs, J.A.2    Biggley, W.H.3
  • 74
    • 0002293680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural environmental factors
    • V. S. Kennedy. R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, Maryland, USA
    • Shumway, S. 1996. Natural environmental factors. Pages 467-513 in V. S. Kennedy. R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, Maryland, USA.
    • (1996) The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica , pp. 467-513
    • Shumway, S.1
  • 75
    • 0028165518 scopus 로고
    • Control of foraging behavior of individuals within an ecosystem context: The clam Macoma balthica and interactions between competition and siphon cropping
    • Skilleter, G. A., and C. H. Peterson. 1994. Control of foraging behavior of individuals within an ecosystem context: the clam Macoma balthica and interactions between competition and siphon cropping. Oecologia 100:268-278.
    • (1994) Oecologia , vol.100 , pp. 268-278
    • Skilleter, G.A.1    Peterson, C.H.2
  • 76
    • 0001823025 scopus 로고
    • Macrobenthos of the Pamlico River estuary, North Carolina
    • Tenore, K. R. 1972. Macrobenthos of the Pamlico River estuary, North Carolina. Ecological Monographs 42:51-69.
    • (1972) Ecological Monographs , vol.42 , pp. 51-69
    • Tenore, K.R.1
  • 78
    • 0028164440 scopus 로고
    • Settlement of oyster (Crassostrea virginica) larvae: Effects of water flow and a water soluble chemical cue
    • Turner, E. J., R. K. Zimmerfaust, M. A. Palmer, M. Luckenbach, and N. D. Pentcheff. 1994. Settlement of oyster (Crassostrea virginica) larvae: effects of water flow and a water soluble chemical cue. Limnology and Oceanography 39:1579-1593.
    • (1994) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.39 , pp. 1579-1593
    • Turner, E.J.1    Zimmerfaust, R.K.2    Palmer, M.A.3    Luckenbach, M.4    Pentcheff, N.D.5
  • 79
    • 0000425602 scopus 로고
    • Paradigms, explanations, and generalizations about models for the struc-ture of intertidal communities on rocky shores
    • D. R. Strong, L. Abele, and D. Simberloff, editors. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
    • Underwood, A. J., and E. J. Denley. 1984. Paradigms, explanations, and generalizations about models for the struc-ture of intertidal communities on rocky shores. Pages 151-180 in D. R. Strong, L. Abele, and D. Simberloff, editors. Ecological communities: conceptual issues and the evidence. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
    • (1984) Ecological Communities: Conceptual Issues and the Evidence , pp. 151-180
    • Underwood, A.J.1    Denley, E.J.2
  • 81
    • 0000270015 scopus 로고
    • The fauna of oyster reefs with special reference to the salinity factor
    • Wells, H. W. 1961. The fauna of oyster reefs with special reference to the salinity factor. Ecological Monographs 31: 239-266.
    • (1961) Ecological Monographs , vol.31 , pp. 239-266
    • Wells, H.W.1
  • 82
    • 0024823695 scopus 로고
    • Sedimentation in the Albemarle-Pamlico lagoonal system: Synthesis and hypothesis
    • Wells, J. T., and S. L. Kim. 1989. Sedimentation in the Albemarle-Pamlico lagoonal system: synthesis and hypothesis. Marine Geology 98:263-284.
    • (1989) Marine Geology , vol.98 , pp. 263-284
    • Wells, J.T.1    Kim, S.L.2
  • 83
    • 0002256752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predators, pests, and competitors
    • V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, Maryland, USA
    • While, M. E., and E. A. Wilson. 1996. Predators, pests, and competitors. Pages 559-580 in V. S. Kennedy, R. I. E. Newell, and A. F. Ebele, editors. The eastern oyster. Crassostrea virginica. Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, Maryland, USA.
    • (1996) The Eastern Oyster. Crassostrea Virginica , pp. 559-580
    • While, M.E.1    Wilson, E.A.2
  • 86
    • 0025227337 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of the oxygen minimum in benthic zonation on a deep seamoum
    • Wishner, K., L. Levin, M. Gowing, and L. S. Mullineaux. 1990. Involvement of the oxygen minimum in benthic zonation on a deep seamoum. Nature 346:57-59.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.346 , pp. 57-59
    • Wishner, K.1    Levin, L.2    Gowing, M.3    Mullineaux, L.S.4
  • 88
    • 0003731815 scopus 로고
    • Oyster reef as habitat for estuarine macrofauna
    • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D.C., USA
    • Zimmerman, R., T. J. Minello, T. Baumer, and M. Castiglione. 1989. Oyster reef as habitat for estuarine macrofauna. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFC-249. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D.C., USA.
    • (1989) NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFC-249
    • Zimmerman, R.1    Minello, T.J.2    Baumer, T.3    Castiglione, M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.