A transportable optical calcium frequency standard

Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics

Volumn 68, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 27-38

  Kersten, P ^a   Mensing, F ^a   Sterr, U ^a   Riehle, F ^a  

^a PHYSIKALISCH TECHNISCHE BUNDESANSTALT   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DOPPLER EFFECT; FREQUENCY STANDARDS; LASER OPTICS; SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS;

OPTICAL FREQUENCY STANDARDS; OPTICAL RAMSEY EXCITATION SCHEME;

CALCIUM;

EID: 0032762565     PISSN: 09462171     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s003400050582     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. J.C. Bergquist (Ed.): Frequency Standards and Metrology (World Scientific, Singapore 1995)
2. J. Helmcke, S. Penselin (Eds.): Frequency Standards based on Laser-Manipulated Atoms and Ions, PTB report PTB-Opt-51, ISBN 3-89429-972-X, Braunschweig (1996)
3. J.L. Hall, M. Zhu, P. Buch: J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 6, 2194 (1989)
4. H. Schnatz, B. Lipphardt, J. Helmcke, F. Riehle, G. Zinner: Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 18 (1996)
5. G. Zinner: PTB report PTB-Opt-58, ISBN 3-89701-131-X, Braunschweig (1998)
6. Recommendation adopted by the Comité International des Poids et Mesures at its 86th meeting: Revision of the mise en pratique of the definition of the metre, Recommendation 1 (CI-1997), Paris (21.11.1997)
7. Editor's note: Metrologia 30, 523 (1993/94)
8. B. Bodermann, M. Klug, H. Knöckel, E. Tiemann, T. Trebst, H.R. Telle: Appl. Phys. B 67, 95 (1998)
9. A. Morinaga, F. Riehle, J. Ishikawa, J. Helmcke: Appl. Phys. B 48, 165 (1989)
10. N. Ito, J. Ishikawa, A. Morinaga: Opt. Commun. 109, 414 (1994)
11. A. Morinaga, N. Ito, J. Ishikawa, K. Sugiyama, T. Kurosu: IEEE Trans. Meas. 42, 338 (1993)
12. J.-M. Chartier, H. Darnedde, M. Frennberg, J. Henningsen, U. Kärn, L. Pendrill, Jianpei Hu, J.C. Petersen, O. Poulsen, P.S. Ramanujam, F. Riehle, L. Robertsson, B. Ståhlberg, H. Wahlgren: Metrologia 29, 331 (1992)
13. H.R. Telle: Spectrochim. Acta Rev. 15, 301 (1993)
14. P. Kersten: PTB report PTB-Opt-59, ISBN 3-89701-133-6, Braunschweig (1998)
15. V.L. Velichanskii, A.S. Zibrov, V.S. Kargapol'tsev, V.I. Molochev, V.V. Nikitin, V.A. Sautenkov, G.G. Khansov, D.A. Turikov: Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett. 4, 438 (1978); M.W. Fleming, A. Mooradian: IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-17, 44 (1981)
16. V.L. Velichanskii, A.S. Zibrov, V.S. Kargapol'tsev, V.I. Molochev, V.V. Nikitin, V.A. Sautenkov, G.G. Khansov, D.A. Turikov: Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett. 4, 438 (1978); M.W. Fleming, A. Mooradian: IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-17, 44 (1981)
17. R.W. Fox, H.G. Robinson, A.S. Zibrov, N. Mackie, J. Marquardt, J. Magyar, L.W. Hollberg: SPIE Proc. Boston Conf. 1837, 360 (1992)
18. A. Celikov, F. Riehle, V.L. Velichansky, J. Helmcke: Opt. Commun. 107, 54 (1994)
19. T. Kurosu, J. Ishikawa, N. Ito: Appl. Phys. 63, 265 (1996)
20. V. Vassiliev, V. Velichansky, P. Kersten, T. Trebst, F. Riehle: Opt. Lett. 23, 1229 (1998)
21. R.W.P. Drever, J.L. Hall, F.V. Kowalski, J. Hough, G.M. Ford, A.J. Munley, H. Ward: Appl. Phys. B 31, 97 (1983)
22. J. Helmcke, J.J. Snyder, A. Morinaga, F. Mensing, M. Gläser: Appl. Phys. B 43, 85 (1987)
23. J. Helmcke, D. Zevgolis, B.Ü. Yen: Appl. Phys. B 28, 83 (1982)
24. Ch.J. Bordé, S. Avrillier, A. Van Lerberghe, Ch. Salomon, C. Bréant, D. Bassi, G. Scoles: Appl. Phys. B 28, 82 (1982)
25. Ch.J. Bordé, Ch. Salomon, S. Avrillier, A. Van Lerberghe, Ch. Bréant, D. Bassi, G. Scoles: Phys. Rev. A 30, 1836 (1984)
26. Ch.J. Bordé: Phys. Lett A 140, 10 (1989)
27. U. Sterr, K. Sengstock, W. Ertmer, F. Riehle, J. Helmcke: In Atom Interferometry, ed. by P.R. Berman (Academic Press, San Diego 1997), pp. 293-362
28. J.J. Snyder: Appl. Opt. 14, 1825 (1975)
29. N. Beverini, F. Strumia: In Interaction of Radiation with Matter, A Volume in honour of A. Gozzini (Quaderni della Scuola Normale Superiore de Pisa, 1987) pp. 361-373; N. Beverini, M. Inguscio, E. Maccioni, F. Strumia, G. Vissani: In Laser Spectroscopy VIII, ed. by W. Persson, S. Svanberg (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1987) pp.79-80
30. N. Beverini, F. Strumia: In Interaction of Radiation with Matter, A Volume in honour of A. Gozzini (Quaderni della Scuola Normale Superiore de Pisa, 1987) pp. 361-373; N. Beverini, M. Inguscio, E. Maccioni, F. Strumia, G. Vissani: In Laser Spectroscopy VIII, ed. by W. Persson, S. Svanberg (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1987) pp.79-80
31. Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, International Organization for Standardization ISBN 92-67-10188-9, Geneva (1993)
32. K. Zeiske, G. Zinner, F. Riehle, J. Helmcke: In [1] p. 495
33. A. Morinaga, M. Nakamura, T. Kurosu, N. Ito: Phys. Rev. A 54, R21 (1996)
34. J. Li, W.A. van Wijngaarden: Phys. Rev. A 53, 604 (1996)
35. J. Ishikawa, F. Riehle, J. Helmcke, Ch.J. Bordé: Phys. Rev. A 49, 4794 (1994)
36. A. Makdissi, E. de Clercq: IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM-46, 112 (1997); J.H. Shirley: IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM-46, 117 (1997) and references therein
37. A. Makdissi, E. de Clercq: IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM-46, 112 (1997); J.H. Shirley: IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM-46, 117 (1997) and references therein
38. R.L. Barger: Opt. Lett. 6, 145 (1981)
39. Data sheet PDS-526A: Low Noise Precision DIFET Operational Amplifier, Burr-Brown Cooperation, Tucson (1984)
40. D.W. Allan: Proc. IEEE 54, 221 (1966)
41. J.A. Barnes, A.R. Chi, L.S. Cutler, D.J. Healey, D.B. Leeson, T.E. McGunigal, J.A. Mullen, W.L. Smith, R.L. Sydnor, R.F.C. Vessot, G.M. Winkler: IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM-20, 105 (1971)
42. P. Kersten, Ch. Oates, F. Bondu, L. Hollberg: to be published
43. Private communication: P. Gill, National Physical Laboratory, UK