Invertebrate conservation at the interface between the grassland matrix and natural Afromontane forest fragments

Biodiversity and Conservation

Volumn 8, Issue 10, 1999, Pages 1339-1363

  Kotze, D Johan ^a,b   Samways, M J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NATAL PIETERMARITZBURG   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

Author keywords

Afromontane forests; Ecotone; Epigaeic invertebrates; Grassland matrix; Invertebrate conservation

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; GRASSLAND; INVERTEBRATE; SPECIES CONSERVATION;

EID: 0032749599     PISSN: 09603115     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1008945302029     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Acocks JPH (1988) Veld types of South Africa. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa no. 57. Botanical Research Institute, South Africa
2. Andersen AN (1991) Sampling communities of ground-foraging ants: Pitfall catches compared with quadrat counts in an Australian tropical savanna. Australian Journal of Ecology 16: 273-279
3. Andersen AN (1997) Using ants as bioindicators: Multiscale issues in ant community ecology. Conservation Ecology 1: 1-14
4. Bedford SE and Usher MB (1994) Distribution of arthropod species across the margins of farm woodlands. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 48: 295-305
5. Brown Jr. KS (1991) Conservation of neotropical environments: Insects as indicators. In: Collins NM and Thomas JA (eds) The Conservation of Insects and their Habitats, pp 349-404. Academic Press, London
6. Camargo JLC and Kapos V (1995) Complex edge effets on soil moisture and microclimate in central Amazonian forest. Journal Tropical of Ecology 11: 205-221
7. Chen J, Franklin JF and Spies TA (1995) Growing-season microclimatic gradients from clearcut edges into old-growth Douglas-fir forests. Ecological Applications 5: 74-86
8. Clarke KR and Warwick RM (1994) Change in Marine Communities: An Approach to Statistical Analysis and Interpretation. Natural Environment Research Council, UK
9. Colwell RK and Coddington JA (1994) Estimating terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 345: 101-118
10. Cooper KH (1985) The Conservation Status of Indigenous Forests in Transvaal, Natal and O.F.S., South Africa. Wildlife Society of SA Durban
11. Dempster JP (1991) Opening remarks. In: Collins NM and Thomas JA (eds) The Conservation of Insects and Their Habitats. Academic Press, London
12. den Boer PJ (1977) Dispersal power and survival. Carabids in a cultivated countryside. Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen, Miscellaneous Papers 14: 1-190
13. Desender K (1986) Ecology, distribution and dispersal power of endangered carabid beetles in Belgium. Proceedings of the 3rd European Congress on Entomology Amsterdam, pp 429-432
14. Didham RK (1997) An overview of invertebrate responses to forest fragmentation. In: Watt AD, Stork NE and Hunter MD (eds) Forests and Insects, pp 303-320. Chapman & Hall, London
15. Dunning JB, Danielson BJ and Pulliam HR (1992) Ecological processes that affect populations in complex landscapes Oikos 65: 169-175
16. Ellery WN and Mentis MT (1992) How old are South Africa's grasslands? In: Furley PA, Proctor J and Ratter JA (eds) Nature and Dynamics of Forest-Savanna Boundaries, pp 283-292. Chapman & Hall, London
17. Eriksson O (1996) Regional dynamics of plants: A review of evidence for remnant, source-sink and metapopulations Oikos 77: 248-258
18. Everard DA (1986) The effects of fire on the Podocarpus latifolius forests of the Royal Natal National Park, Natal Drakensberg. South African Journal of Botany 52: 60-66
19. Forman RTT (1995) Land Mosaics: The Ecology of Landscapes and Regions. Cambridge University Press, Great Britain
20. Geldenhuys CJ and Knight RS (1989) Introduction. In: Geldenhuys CJ (ed) Biogeography of the Mixed Evergreen Forests of Southern Africa, pp 1-4. Foundation for Research Development, Pretoria Occasional Report No. 45
21. Geldenhuys CJ and MacDevette DR (1989) Conservation status of coastal and montane evergreen forest. In: Huntley BJ (ed) Biotic Diversity in Southern Africa: Concepts and Conservation, pp 224-238. Oxford University Press, Cape Town
22. Hanski I, Pöyry J, Pakkala T and Kuussaari M (1995) Multiple equilibria in metapopulation dynamics. Nature 377: 618-621
23. Hanski I and Simberloff D (1997) The metapopulation approach, its history, conceptual domain, and application to conservation. In: Hanski IA and Gilpin ME (eds) Metapopulation Biology: Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, pp 5-26. Academic Press, London
24. Hölldobler B and Wilson EO (1990) The Ants. Harvard University Press, MA
25. Jagomägi J, Kulvik M, Mander U and Jacuchno V (1988) The structural-functional role of ecotones in the landscape. Ekologia (USSR) 7: 81-94
26. Kempton RA (1979) The structure of species abundance and measurement of diversity. Biometrics 35: 307-321
27. Kroodsma RL (1982) Edge effect on breeding forest birds along a power-line corridor. Journal of Applied Ecology 19: 361-370
28. Kroodsma RL (1984) Ecological factors associated with degree of edge effect in breeding birds. Journal of Wildlife Management 48: 418-425
29. Laurance WF (1991) Edge effects in tropical forest fragments: Application of a model for the design of nature reserves. Biological Conservation 57: 205-219
30. Laurance WF (1997) Physical processos and edge effects. In: Laurance WF and Bierregaard RO Jr. (eds) Tropical Forest Remnants, pp 29-31. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL
31. Laurance WF and Yensen E (1991) Predicting the impacts of edge effects in fragmented habitats. Biological Conservation 55: 77-92
32. Lawes MJ (1990) The distribution of the samango monkey (Cercopithecus mitis erythrarchus Peters, 1852 and Cercopithecus mitis labiatus L Geoffroy, 1843) and forest history in southern Africa. Journal of Biogeography 17: 669-680
33. Lövei GL and Sunderland KD (1996) Ecology and behavior of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Annual Review of Entomology 41: 231-256
34. Ludwig JA and Reynolds JF (1988) Statistical Ecology: A Primer on Methods and Computing. Wiley, New York
35. Magurran AE (1988) Ecological Diversity and its Measurement. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
36. Majer JD (1978) An improved pitfall trap for sampling ants and other epigacic invertebrates. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 17: 261-262
37. Majer JD (1983) Ants: Bio-indicators of minesite rehabilitation, land-use, and land conservation. Environmental Management 7: 375-383
38. Matlack GR (1993) Sociological edge effects: Spatial distribution of human impact in suburban forest fragments. Environmental Management 17: 829-835
39. May RM (1981) Patterns in multi-species communities. In: May RM (ed) Theoretical Ecology: Principles and Applications. pp 197-227. Blackwell, London
40. McCracken DP (1986) The indigenous forests of Colonial Natal and Zululand. Natalia 16: 19-38
41. McGeoch MA (1998) The selection, testing and application of terrestrial insects as bioindicators. Biological Reviews 73: 181-201
42. Meadows ME and Linder HP (1989) A reassessment of the biogeography and vegetation history of the southern Afromontane region. In: Geldenhuys CJ (ed) Biogeography of the Mixed Evergreen Forests of Southern Africa, pp 15-29. Foundation for Research Development Pretoria Occasional Report No. 45.
43. Moll EJ (1969) The current status of mistbelt mixed Podocarpus forest in Natal. Bothalia 10: 595-598
44. Moll E (1976) Some notes on the woody communities of the Natal Drakensberg. Veld & Flora 62: 11-14
45. Murcia C (1995) Edge effects in fragmented forests: Implications for conservation. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 10: 58-62
46. New TR, Britton DR, Hinkley SD and Miller LJ (1996) The ant fauna of Mount Piper and its relevance to environmental assessment and the conservation of a threatened invertebrate community. Flora and Fauna Technical Report No. 143. Department of Natural Resources and Environment Melbourne
47. Oliver I and Beattie AJ (1996) Designing a cost-effective invertebrate survey: A test of methods for rapid assessment of biodiversity. Ecological Applications 6: 594-607
48. Preston FW (1962) The canonical distribution of commonness and rarity: Part I, II. Ecology 43: 185-215, 410-432
49. Ranney JW, Bruner MC and Levenson JB (1981) The importance of edge in the structure and dynamics of forest islands. In: Burgess RL and Sharpe DM (eds) Forest Island Dynamics in Man-Dominated Landscapes, pp 67-95, Springer-Verlag, New York
50. Ricklefs RE (1987) Community diversity: Relative roles of local and regional processes. Science 235: 167-171
51. Risser PG (1995) The status of the science examining ecotones. BioSciencc 45: 318-325
52. Saccheri I, Kuussaari M, Kankare M, Vikman P, Fortelius W and Hansk I (1998) Inbreeding and extinction in a butterfly metapopulation. Nature 392: 491-494
53. Samways MJ (1983) Community structure of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in a series of habitats associated with citrus. Journal of Applied Ecology 20: 833-847
54. Samways MJ (1990) Ant assemblage structure and ecological management in citrus and subtropical fruit orchards in southern Africa. In: Van der Meer RK, Jaffe K and Cedeno A (eds) Applied Myrmecology: A World Perspective, pp 570-587. Westview Press, Boulder, CO
55. Saunders DA, Hobbs RJ and Margules CR (1991) Biological consequences of ecosystem fragmentation: A review. Conservation Biology 5: 18-32
56. Schulze RE (1982) Agrohydrology and -Climatology of Natal. Department of Agricultural engineering, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa. Water Research Commission, Pretoria
57. 14C) study. Oecologia 106: 516-524
58. Sokal RR and Rohlf FJ (1995) Biometry, 3rd Ed. Freeman, New York
59. Stevens SM and Husband TP (1998) The influence of edge on small mammals: Evidence from Brazilian Atlantic forest fragments. Biological Conservation 85: 1-8
60. Stork NE and Eggleton P (1992) Invertebrates as determinants and indicators of soil quality. Am. J. Alt. Agric. 7: 38-47
61. Thiele HU (1977) Carabid Beetles in Their Environment. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
62. Weaver JC (1995) Indicator species and scale of observation. Conservation Biology 9: 939-942
63. Webb NR and Thomas JA (1993) Conserving insect habitats in heathland biotopes: A question of scale. In: Edwards PJ, May RM and Webb NR (eds) Large-scale Ecology and Conservation Biology, pp 129-151. Blackwell, London
64. Williams-Linera G (1990) Vegetation structure and environmental conditions of forest edges in Panama. Journal of Ecology 78: 356-373
65. Wilson M (1982) The re-establishment of yellowwood forest. Veld & Flora 68: 111-112