Mental disorders as risk factors for the development of cocaine abuse/dependence: Case-control study;Transtornos mentais como fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de abuso/dependencia de cocaina: Estudo caso-controle

Revista de Saude Publica

Volumn 33, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 477-486

  Lopes, Claudia S ^a,b   Coutinho, Evandro S F ^a  

^a STATE UNIVERSITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO   (Brazil)

^b NONE   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Alcoholism; Cocaine related disorders, epidemiology; Mental disorders

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; COCAINE;

ADULT; AGORAPHOBIA; ALCOHOLISM; ARTICLE; CASE CONTROL STUDY; COCAINE DEPENDENCE; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; DYSTHYMIA; HUMAN; INTERVIEW; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MENTAL DISEASE; PANIC; RISK FACTOR; SOCIAL PHOBIA; SUICIDE;

EID: 0032748792     PISSN: 00348910     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89101999000500007     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. American Psychiatric Association. Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics: diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 3rd ed. Washington (DC); 1987.
2. Anthony JC. The epidemiology of drug addiction. In: Miller NS. Comprehensive handbook of drug and alcohol addiction. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1991. p.55-86.
3. Anthony JC. Epidemiology of drug dependence and illicit drug use. Curr Opinion Psychiatry 1991;4:435-9.
4. Anthony JC, Helzer JE. Epidemiology of drug dependence. In: Tsuang MT, Tohen M, Zahner GEP. Textbook in psychiatric epidemiology. New York: Wiley-Liss; 1995. p.361-406.
5. Berkson J. Limitations on the application of the four-fold table analysis to hospital data. Biometrics 1946;2:47-53.
6. Biernacki P, Waldford D. Snowball sampling: problems and techniques of chain referral sampling. Sociol Methods Res 1981;2:141-63.
7. Boyle MH, Offord DR. Psychiatric disorder and substance use in adolescence. Can J Psychiatry 1991;36:699-705.
8. Boyle MH, Offord DR, Racine YA, Szatmari P, Fleminf JE, Links PS. Predicting substance use in late adolescence: results from the Ontario Child Health Study follow-up. Am J Psychiatry 1992;149:761-7.
9. Breslow NE, Day NE. Statistical methods in cancer research. Lyon; International Agency for Research on Cancer; 1980. V1: The analysis of case-control studies. (IARC Scientific Publications No. 32).
10. Bukstein OG, Glancy LJ, Kaminer Y. Patterns of affective comorbidity in a clinical population of dually diagnosed adolescent substance abusers. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1992;31:1041-5.
11. Carrol KM, Rounsaville BJ. Contrast of treatment-seeking and untreated cocaine abusers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992;49:464-71.
12. Christie KA, Burke JDJ, Regier DA, Rae DS, Boyd JH, Locke BZ. Epidemiologic evidence for early onset of mental disorders and higher risk of drug abuse in young adults. Am J Psychiatry 1988;145:971-5.
13. Deykin EY, Levy JC, Wells V. Adolescent depression, alcohol, and drug abuse. Am J Public Health 1987;22:178-82.
14. Flanders WD, Austin H. Possibility of selection bias in matched case-control studies using friend controls. Am J Epidemiol 1986;124:150-3.
15. Fleiss JL. Confidence intervals for the odds ratio in case-control studies: the state of the art. J Chronic Dis 1979;32:69-82.
16. Gawin FH, Kleber HD. Abstinence symptomatology and psychiatric diagnosis in cocaine abusers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;43:107-13.
17. 7. Helzer JE, Pryzbeck TR. The co-occurrence of alcoholism with other psychiatric disorders in the general population and its impact on treatment. J Stud Alcohol 1988;49:219-24.
18. Janca A, Robins LN, Helzer JE. Clinical observation of assessment using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). An analysis of the CIDI field trials -wave II at the St Louis site. Br J Psychiatry 1992;160:815-8.
19. Kandel DB, Yamaguchi K, Chen K. Stages of progression in drug involvement from adolescence to adulthood: further evidence for the Gateway theory. J Stud Alcohol 1992;53:447-57.
20. Kashani JH, Keller MB, Solomon N, Reid JC, Mazzola D. Double depression in adolescent substance users. J Affect Dis 1985;8:153-7.
21. Khalsa H, Paredes A, Anglin MD. The role of alcohol in cocaine dependence. Recent Dev Alcohol 1992;10:7-35.
22. Kleinman PH et al. Psychopathology among cocaine abusers entering treatment. J Nerv Ment Dis 1990;178:442-7.
23. Kosten TR, Rounsaville BJ, Kleber HD. A 2.5-year follow-up of cocaine use among treated opioid addicts. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987;44:281-4.
24. Lewis G, Williams P. Clinical judgement and the standardised interview in psychiatry. Psychol Med 1989;19:971-80.
25. Lopes CS, Mari JJ, Szwarcwald CL. Morbidade psiquiátrica em pacientes usuários de drogas. Rev ABP-APAL 1991;13:161-9.
26. Lopes CS. Psychiatric risk factors among drug abusers in Rio de Janeiro. London; 1994. [PhD Thesis - Institute of Psychiatry, University of London].
27. Lopes CS. Reliability of the Brazilian version of the CIDI in a case-control study of risk factors for drug abuse among adults in Rio de Janeiro. Bull Pan Am Health Organ 1994;28:34-41.
28. Lopes CS, Lewis C, Mann A. Psychiatric and alcohol disorders as risk factors for drug abuse. A case-control study among adults in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Soc Psychiatry Epidemiol 1996;31:355-63.
29. Lopes CS, Rodrigues L, Sichieri R. The lack of selection bias in a snowball sampled case-control study on drug abuse. Int J Epidemiol 1996;25:1267-70.
30. Miranda CT, Mari JJ, Ricciardi A, Arruda ME. Patients reactions to the CIDI in Brazil. In: Stefanis CN et al. Psychiatry: a world in perspective. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1990. v1, p.133-7.
31. Newcomb MD, Maddahian E, Bentler PM. Risk factors for drug use among adolescents: concurrent and longitudinal analyses. Am J Public Health 1986;76:525-31.
32. Paton S, Kessler R, Kandel D. Depressive mood and adolescent illicit drug use: a longitudinal analysis. J Gen Psychol 1977;131:267-89.
33. Pike M, Robins J. Re: Possibility of selection bias in matched case-control studies using friend controls. [Letter] Am J Epidemiol 1989;130:209-10.
34. Post RM, Kotin J, Goodwin FK. The effects of cocaine on depressed patients. Am J Psychiatry 1974;131:511-7.
35. Regier DA, Farmer ME, Rae DS, Locke BZ, Keith SJ. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse. Results from the epidemiologic catchment area (ECA) study. JAMA 1990;264:2511-8.
36. Robins LN, Prybeck TR. Age of onset of drug use as a factor in drug and other disorders. In: Jones, CLR, Battjes RJ. Etiology of drug abuse: implications for prevention. Rockville (MD): National Institute on Drug Abuse; 1985. p.178-92. (Research Monograph, 56).
37. Robins LN, Wing J, Wittchen HU, Helzer JE, Babor TF, Burke J et al. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview. An epidemiologic instrument suitable for use in conjunction with different diagnostic systems and in different cultures. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45:1069-77.
38. Rounsaville BJ, Anton SF, Carrol K, Budde D, Prusoff BA, Gawin F. Psychiatric diagnosis of treatment-seeking cocaine abusers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991;48:43-51.
39. Weiss RD, Mirin SM, Griffin ML. Methodological considerations in the diagnosis of coexisting psychiatric disorders in substance abusers. Br J Addict 1992;87:179-87.
40. Weiss RD. Drug abuse as self-medication for depression: an empirical study. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1992;18:121-9.
41. Yamaguchi K, Kandel DB. Patterns of drug use from adolescence to young adulthood: III. Predictors of progression. Am J Public Health 1984;74:673-81.