Interaction of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection with other risk factors of atherosclerosis

American Heart Journal

Volumn 138, Issue 5 II, 1999, Pages

  Leinonen, M ^a   Saikku, P ^a  

^a NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CHLAMYDIASIS; CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE; CONFERENCE PAPER; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LIPID METABOLISM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY; SMOKING;

EID: 0032744553     PISSN: 00028703     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70286-3     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (28)

1. Saikku P, Leinonen M, Mattila K, et al. Serologic evidence of an association of a novel Chlamydia, TWAR, with chronic coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1988;2:983-5.
2. Danesh J, Collins R, Peto R. Chronic infections and coronary heart disease: is there a link? Lancet 1997;350:430-6.
3. Kuo CC, Shor A, Campbell LA, et al. Demonstration of Chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerotic lesions of coronary arteries. J Infect Dis 1993;167:841-9.
4. Campbell LA, O'Brien ER, Cappucio AL, et al. Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae TWAR in human coronary atherectomy tissues. J Infect Dis 1995;172: 585-8.
5. Grayston JT, Kuo CC, Coulson AS, et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerosis of the carotid artery. Circulation 1995;92:3397-400.
6. Ong G, Thomas BJ, Mansfield AO, et al. Detection and widespread distribution of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the vascular system and its possible implications. J Clin Pathol 1996;49:102-6.
7. Fong IW, Chiu B, Viira E, et al. Rabbit model for Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. J Clin Microbiol 1997;35:48-52.
8. Laitinen K, Laurila A, Pyhälä L, et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection induces inflammatory changes in the aorta of rabbits. Infect Immun 1997;65:4832-5.
9. Muhlestein JB, Anderson JL, Hammond EH, et al. Infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae accelerates the development of atherosclerosis and treatment with azithromycin prevents it in rabbit model. Circulation 1998;97:633-6.
10. Grayston JT, Campbell LA, Kuo CC, et al. A new respiratory tract pathogen: Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR. J Infect Dis 1990;161:618-25.
11. Saikku P. The epidemiology and significance of Chlamydia pneumoniae. J Infect 1992;25(suppl 1):27-34.
12. Laurila A, Bloigu A, Näyhä S, et al. Chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is associated with a serum lipid profile known to be a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:2910-3.
13. Hahn DL, Golubjatnikov R. Smoking is a potential confounder of the Chlamydia pneumoniae-coronary artery disease association. Arterioscler Thromb 1992;2:945-7.
14. Karvonen MJ, Tuomilehto J, Pitkäniemi A, et al. Importance of smoking for Chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity. Int J Epidemiol 1994;23:1-7.
15. von Herzen L, Surcel H-M, Kaprio J, et al. Immune response to Chlamydia pneumoniae in twins in relations to gender and smoking. J Med Microbiol 1998;47:1-7.
16. Mietzner TA, Morse SA. The role of iron-binding proteins in the survival of pathogenic bacteria. Ann Rev Nutr 1994;14:471-93.
17. Tuomainen TP, Punnonen K, Nyyssönen K, et al. Association of body iron store and the risk of acute myocardial infarction in men. Circulation 1998;97:1461-6.
18. Freidank HM, Billing H. Influence of iron restriction on the growth of Chlamydia pneumoniae TWAR and Chlamydia trachomatis. J Clin Microbiol Infect 1997;3:193.
19. Gallin JI, Kaye D, O'Leary WM. Serum lipids in infection. N Engl J Med 1969;281:1081-6.
20. Kerttula Y, Weber T. Serum lipids in pneumonia of different aetiology. Ann Clin Res 1988;20:184-8.
21. Leinonen M, Kerttula Y, Weber T, et al. Acute phase response in Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia. In: Abstracts of the 5th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, September 8-11, 1991. Oslo, Norway 1991:86.
22. Laurila AL, Bloigu A, Näyhä S, et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies and serum lipids in Finnish men: cross-sectional study. Br Med J 1997;314:1456-7.
23. Kaukoranta-Tolvanen SS, Teppo AM, Laitinen K, et al. Growth of Chlamydia pneumoniae in cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and induction of a cytokine response. Microb Pathog 1996;21:215-21.
24. Kawakami M, Pekala PH, Lance MD, et al. Lipoprotein lipase suppression in 3T L1 cells by an induced mediator from exudate cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1983;79:912-6.
25. Cook PJ, Lip GYH, Davies P, et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies in severe essential hypertension. Hypertension 1998;31:589-94.
26. Leinonen M, Toivanen P, Tenkanen L, et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae and metabolic syndrome as risk factors for coronary events in the Helsinki heart Study. In: Abstracts of the 38th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, San Diego, Calif, September 24-27, 1998, Abstract L-18, p. 552.
27. Mendall MA, Patel P, Ballam L, et al. C reactive protein and its relation to cardiovascular risk factors: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMJ 1996;312:1061-5.
28. Gurfinkel E, Duronto M, Gerda M. Patients with unstable angina related with C reactive protein and Chlamydia pneumoniae infection: clinical outcome: 8th Congress of the European Society of Cardiology [abstract]. Eur Heart J 1996;17:578.