Polarimetric radar measurements of tropical rain at a 5-cm wavelength

Journal of Applied Meteorology

Volumn 38, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 750-765

  May, P T ^a,d   Keenan, T D ^a   Zrnic D S ^b   Carey, L D ^c   Rutledge, S A ^c  

^a BUREAU OF METEOROLOGY   (Australia)

^b NATIONAL SEVERE STORMS LABORATORY   (United States)

^c Engineering Research Center and Hydraulics Laboratory   (United States)

^d BUREAU OF METEOROLOGY RESEARCH CENTRE   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; PARAMETER ESTIMATION; PHASE SHIFT; POLARIMETERS; RADAR MEASUREMENT; RAIN;

POLARIMETRIC RADAR; RAINFALL MEASUREMENTS;

METEOROLOGICAL RADAR;

PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); RADAR IMAGERY; TROPICAL METEOROLOGY; WAVELENGTH;

EID: 0032744435     PISSN: 08948763     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0450(1999)038<0750:PRMOTR>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Aydin, K. H., and V. Giridhar, 1992: C-band dual polarization radar observables in rain. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 9, 383-390.
2. _, H. Direskeneli, and T. Seliga, 1987: Dual-polarization radar estimation of rainfall parameters compared with ground-based disdrometer measurements: October 29, 1982 central Illinois experiment. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 6, 834-844.
3. _, Y. Lure, and T. A. Seliga, 1990: Polarimetric radar measurements of rainfall compared with ground-based rain gauges during MAYPLOE'84. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 28, 443-449.
4. Balakrishnan, N., and D. S. Zrnić, 1990: Estimation of rain and hail rates in mixed-phase precipitation. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 565-583.
5. Battan, L. J., 1973: Radar Observations of the Atmosphere. University of Chicago Press, 324 pp.
6. Blackman, M., and A. J. Illingworth, 1995: Improved measurement of rainfall using differential phase techniques. Proc. Int. Seminar COST 75 Weather Radar Systems, Brussels, Belgium, Commission of the European Communities, 662-771.
7. Bringi, V. N., S. M Cherry, M. P. M. Hall, and T. A. Seliga, 1978: A new accuracy in determining rainfall rates and attenuation due to rain by means of dual-polarization measurements. IEEE Conf. Publ., 169 (2), 120-124.
8. _, T. A. Seliga, and S. M. Cherry, 1982: First comparison of rainfall rates derived from radar differential reflectivity and disdrometer measurements. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 2, 201-204.
9. _, V. Chandrasekar, N. Balakrishnan, and D. S. Zrnić, 1990: An examination of propagation effects in rainfall on radar measurements at microwave frequencies. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 829-840.
10. Carey, L. D., S. A. Rutledge, and T. D. Keenan, 1997: Correction of attenuation and differential attenuation at S- and C-Band using differential propagation phase. Preprints, 28th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Austin, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 25-26.
11. Chandrasekar, V., V. N. Bringi, N. Balakrishnan, and D. S. Zrnić, 1990: Error structure of multiparameter radar and surface measurements of rainfall. Part III: Specific differential phase. J. Atmos. Oceanic. Technol., 7, 621-629.
12. _, V., E. Gorgucci, and G. Searchilli, 1993: Optimization of multiparameter radar estimates of rainfall. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 1288-1293.
13. Fischer, M. A., and R. C. Bolles, 1981: Random sample consensus: A paradigm for model fitting with applications to image analysis and automated cartography. Commun. Assoc. Comput. Mach., 24, 381-395.
14. Goddard, J. W. F., and S. M Cherry, 1984: The ability of dual-polarization radar (coplanar linear) to predict rainfall rate and microwave attenuation. Radio Sci., 19, 201-208.
15. Golestani, Y., V. Chandrasekar, and V. N. Bringi, 1989: Intercomparison of multiparameter radar measurements. Preprints, 24th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Tallahassee, FL, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 309-314.
16. Gorgucci, E., G. Scarchilli, and V. Chandrasekar, 1996: Operational monitoring of rainfall over the Arno River Basin using dual-polarization radar and rain gauges. J. Appl. Meteor., 35, 1221-1230.
17. Hildebrand, P. H., 1978: Iterative correction for attenuation of 5 cm radar in rain. J. Appl. Meteor., 17, 508-514.
18. Holt, A. R., 1988: Extraction of differential propagation phase from S-band circularly polarized radars. Electron. Lett., 24, 1241-1242.
19. Hubbert, J. V., and V. N. Bringi, 1995: An iterative filtering technique for the analysis of coplanar differential phase and dual-frequency radar measurements. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 643-648.
20. _, V. Chandrasekar, and V. N. Bringi, 1993a: Processing and interpretation of coherent dual-polarized radar measurements. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 155-164.
21. _, J. Caylor, and V. Chandrasekar, 1993b: A practical algorithm for the estimation of Doppler velocity and differential phase from dual polarization radar measurements. Proc. 26th Int. Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Norman, OK, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 112-114.
22. Jameson, A. R., 1991a: A comparison of microwave techniques for measuring rainfall. J. Appl. Meteor., 30, 32-54.
23. _, 1991b: Polarization radar measurements in rain at 5 and 9 GHz. J. Appl. Meteor., 30, 1500-1513.
24. Keenan, T. D., and Coauthors, 1994: Science plan-maritime continent thunderstorm experiment. BMRC Research Rep. 44, 61 pp. [Available from BMRC, GPO Box 1289K. Melbourne, Vic. 3001. Australia.]
25. _, D. Zrnić, L. Carey, P. May, and S. Rutledge, 1997: Sensitivity of C-band polarimetric variables to propagation and backscatter effects in rain. Preprints, 28th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Austin, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 13-14.
26. _, K. Glasson, F. Cummings, T. S. Bird, J. Keeler, and J. Lutz, 1998: The BMRC/NCAR C-Band polarimetric (C-POL) radar system. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 15, 871-886.
27. Marshall, J. S., and W. M. Palmer, 1948: The distribution of raindrops with size. J. Meteor., 5, 165-166.
28. Meischner, P. E. V. N. Bringi, D. Heimann, and H. Holler, 1991: A squall line in southern Germany: Kinematics and precipitation formation as deduced by advanced polarimetric and Doppler radar measurements. Mon. Wea. Rev. 119, 678-701.
29. Mueller, E. A., 1984: Calculation procedures for differential propagation phase shift. Preprints. 22d Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Zurich, Switzerland, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 397-399.
30. Pruppacher, H. R., and K. V. Beard, 1970: A wind tunnel investigation of the internal circulation and shape of water drops falling at terminal velocity in air. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 96, 247-256.
31. Ryzhkov, A., and D. S. Zrnić 1995a: Comparison of dual-polarization radar estimators of rain. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 249-256.
32. _, and _, 1995b: Precipitation and attenuation measurement at a 10-cm wavelength. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 121-2134.
33. _, and _, 1996: Assessment of rainfall measurement that uses specific differential phase. J. Appl. Meteor., 35, 2080-2090.
34. Sachidananda, M., and D. S. Zrnić, 1986: Differential propagation phase shift and rainfall estimation. Radio Sci., 20, 907-922.
35. _, and _, 1987: Rain rate estimates from differential polarization measurements. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 4, 588-598.
36. Scarchilli, G., E. Gorgucci, V. Chandrasekar, and T. A. Seliga, 1993: Rainfall estimation using polarimetric techniques at C-Band frequencies. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 1150-1160.
37. Seliga, T. A., and V. N. Bringi, 1976: Potential use of a radar differential reflectivity measurements at orthogonal polarizations for measuring precipitation. J. Appl. Meteor., 15, 69-76.
38. _, and _, 1978: Differential reflectivity and differential phase shift: Applications in radar meteorology. Radio Sci., 13, 271-275.
39. _, _, and H. H. Al-Khatib, 1981: A preliminary study of comparative measurements of rainfall rate using the differential reflectivity technique and a raingauge network. J. Appl. Meteor., 20, 1362-1368.
40. Ulbrich, C. W., and D. Atlas, 1984: Assessment of the contribution of differential polarization to improved rainfall measurements. Radio Sci., 19, 49-57.
41. Zahrai, A., and D. S. Zrnić, 1993: The 10 cm-wavelength polarimetric weather radar at NOAA's National Severe Storms Laboratory. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 649-662.
42. Zawadzki, I., 1986: Factors affecting the precision of radar measurements of rain. Proc. 22d Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Snowmass, CO, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 251-256.
43. Zrnić, D. S., and A. Ryzhkov, 1996: Advantages of rain measurements using specific differential phase. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 13, 454-464.