Motility in Myxococcus xanthus and its role in developmental aggregation

Current Opinion in Microbiology

Volumn 2, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 624-629

  Ward, Mandy J ^a   Zusman, David R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CELL COMMUNICATION; CELL INTERACTION; CILIARY MOTILITY; MORPHOGENESIS; MYXOCOCCALES; NONHUMAN; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

ENTERIC BACTERIA; MYXOCOCCALES; MYXOCOCCUS XANTHUS;

EID: 0032742727     PISSN: 13695274     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1369-5274(99)00032-6     Document Type: Review

References (50)

1. Greenberg E.P. Quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria. ASM News. 63:1998;371-377.
2. Thaxter R. On the Myxobacteriaceae, a new order of Schizomycetes. Bot Gaz. 17:1892;389-406.
3. Hodgkin J., Kaiser D. Genetics of gliding motility in Myxococcus xanthus (Myxobacterales): genes controlling movement of single cells. Mol Gen Genet. 171:1979;167-176.
4. Hodgkin J., Kaiser D. Genetics of gliding motility in Myxococcus xanthus (Myxobacterales): two gene systems control movement. Mol Gen Genet. 171:1979;177-191.
5. Shi W., Zusman D.R. The two motility systems of Myxococcus xanthus show different selective advantages on various surfaces. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 90:1993;3378-3382.
6. MacNeil S.D., Mouzeyan A., Hartzell P.L. Genes required for both gliding motility and development in Myxococcus xanthus. Mol Microbiol. 14:1994;785-795.
7. Fontes M., Kaiser D. Myxococcus cells respond to elastic forces in their substrate. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:1999;8052-8057.
8. Rodriguez A.M., Spormann A.M. Genetic and molecular analysis of cglB, a gene essential for single cell gliding in Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 181:1999;4381-4390.
9. Kaiser D. Social gliding is correlated with the presence of pili in Myxococcus xanthus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 76:1979;5952-5956.
10. Wu S.S., Kaiser D. Genetic and functional evidence that type IV pili are required for social gliding motility in Myxococcus xanthus. Mol Microbiol. 18:1995;547-558.
11. Wu S.S., Kaiser D. Regulation of expression of the pilA gene in Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 179:1997;7748-7758.
12. Wall D., Kolenbrander P.E., Kaiser D. The Myxococcus xanthus pilQ (sglA) gene encodes a secretin homolog required for the type IV pilus biogenesis, social motility, and development. J Bacteriol. 181:1999;24-33.
13. Wu S.S., Wu J., Kaiser D. The Myxococcus xanthus pilT locus is required for social gliding motility although pili are still produced. Mol Microbiol. 23:1997;109-121.
14. Wall D., Kaiser D. Type IV pili and cell motility. Mol Microbiol. 32:1999;1-10. This excellent review discusses the involvement of type IV pili in M. xanthus social motility and twitching in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and argues that the PilT protein could be a novel molecular motor.
15. Darzins A., Russell M.A. Molecular genetic analysis of type-4 pilus biogenesis and twitching motility using Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model system - a review. Gene. 192:1997;109-115.
16. Bradley D.E. A function of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO polar pili: twitching motility. Can J Microbiol. 26:1980;146-154.
17. Wu S.S., Wu J., Cheng Y.L., Kaiser D. The pilH gene encodes an ABC transporter homologue required for type IV pilus biogenesis and social gliding motility in Myxococcus xanthus. Mol Microbiol. 29:1998;1249-1261.
18. Wall D., Kaiser D. Alignment enhances the cell-to-cell transfer of pilus henotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:1998;3054-3058.
19. Rodriguez-Soto J.P., Kaiser D. The tgl gene: social motility and stimulation in Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 179:1997;4361-4371.
20. Shimkets L.J. Role of cell cohesion in Myxococcus xanthus fruiting body formation. J Bacteriol. 166:1986;842-848.
21. Behmlander R.M., Dworkin M. Biochemical and structural analyses of the extracellular matrix fibrils of Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 176:1994;6295-6303.
22. Behmlander R.M., Dworkin M. Integral proteins of the extracellular matrix fibrils of Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 176:1994;6304-6311.
23. Weimer R.M., Creighton C., Stassinopoulos A., Youderian P., Hartzell P.L. A chaperone in the HSP70 family controls production of extracellular fibrils in Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 180:1998;5357-5368.
24. Yang Z., Geng Y., Shi W. A DnaK homolog in Myxococcus xanthus is involved in social motility and fruiting body formation. J Bacteriol. 180:1998;218-224.
25. Chang B.-Y., Dworkin M. Mutants of Myxococcus xanthus dsp defective in fibril binding. J Bacteriol. 178:1996;697-700.
26. Bowden M.G., Kaplan H.B. The Myxococcus xanthus lipopolysaccharide O-antigen is required for social motility and multicellular development. Mol Microbiol. 30:1998;275-284.
27. Zusman D.R. 'Frizzy' mutants: a new class of aggregation-defective developmental mutants of Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 150:1982;1430-1437.
28. Blackhart B.D., Zusman D.R. 'Frizzy' genes of Myxococcus xanthus are involved in control of frequency of reversal of gliding motility. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 82:1985;8767-8770.
29. Shi W., Ngok F., Zusman D.R. Cell density regulates cellular reversal frequency in Myxococcus xanthus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 93:1996;4142-4146.
30. McBride M.J., Weinberg R.A., Zusman D.R. 'Frizzy' aggregation genes of the gliding bacterium Myxococcus xanthus show sequence similarities to the chemotaxis genes of enteric bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 86:1989;424-428.
31. McCleary W.R., Zusman D.R. FrzE of Myxococcus xanthus is homologous to both CheA and CheY of Salmonella typhimurium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 87:1990;5898-5902.
32. Tieman S., Koch A., White D. Gliding motility in slide cultures of Myxococcus xanthus in stable and steep chemical gradients. J Bacteriol. 178:1996;3480-3485.
33. Shi W., Köhler T., Zusman D.R. Chemotaxis plays a role in the social behaviour of Myxococcus xanthus. Mol Microbiol. 9:1993;601-611.
34. Ward M.J., Zusman D.R. Regulation of directed motility in Myxococcus xanthus. Mol Microbiol. 24:1997;885-893.
35. Appleby J.L., Parkinson J.S., Bourret R.B. Signal transduction via the multi-step phosphorelay: not necessarily a road less traveled. Cell. 86:1996;845-848.
36. Trudeau K.G., Ward M.J., Zusman D.R. Identification and characterization of FrzZ, a novel response regulator necessary for swarming and fruiting-body formation in Myxococcus xanthus. Mol Microbiol. 20:1996;645-655.
37. Ward M.J., Mok K.C., Astling D.P., Lew H., Zusman D.R. An ABC transporter plays a developmental aggregation role in Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 180:1998;5697-5703. Interaction trap technology was used to identify an ABC transporter (AbcA) that appears to export a molecule required for the developmental process. Cells with mutations in either the 'bait' protein, FrzZ, or AbcA show the same developmental defect, suggesting that both proteins may be involved in the auto-chemotactic response.
38. Stephens K., Kaiser D. Genetics of gliding motility in Myxococcus xanthus: molecular cloning of the mgl locus. Mol Gen Genet. 207:1987;256-266.
39. Stephens K., Hartzell P., Kaiser D. Gliding motility in Myxococcus xanthus: mgl locus, RNA, and predicted protein products. J Bacteriol. 171:1989;819-830.
40. Spormann A.M., Kaiser D. Gliding mutants of Myxococcus xanthus with high reversal frequencies and small displacements. J Bacteriol. 181:1999;2593-2601.
41. Hartzell P., Kaiser D. Function of MglA, a 22-kilodalton protein essential for gliding in Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 173:1991;7615-7624.
42. Yang Z., Geng Y., Xu D., Kaplan H.B., Shi W. A new set of chemotaxis homologs is essential for Myxococcus xanthus social motility. Mol Microbiol. 30:1998;1123-1130. The authors identify a new signal transduction pathway (encoded by the dif operon) required specifically for social motility responses and fruiting body formation during development.
43. Lev M. Demonstration of a diffusible fruiting factor in myxobacteria. Nature. 173:1954;501.
44. McVittie A., Zahler S.A. Chemotaxis in Myxococcus. Nature. 194:1962;1299-1300.
45. Kearns D.B., Shimkets L.J. Chemotaxis in a gliding bacterium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:1998;11957-11962. The authors describe chemotactic responses to specific phosphatidylethanolamine molecules and show that the Frz signal transduction system was required for adaptation to these molecules, while a second unknown system was required for excitation responses.
46. Shimkets L.J., Rafiee H. CsgA, an extracellular protein essential for Myxococcus xanthus development. J Bacteriol. 172:1990;5299-5306.
47. Søgaard-Andersen L., Kaiser D. C factor, a cell-surface-associated intercellular signaling protein, stimulates the cytoplasmic Frz signal transduction system in Myxococcus xanthus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 93:1996;2675-2679.
48. Jelsbak L., Søgaard-Andersen L. The cell surface-associated intercellular C-signal induces behavioral changes in individual Myxococcus xanthus cells during fruiting body morphogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:1999;5031-5036.
49. Ward M.J., Mok K.C., Zusman D.R. Myxococcus xanthus displays Frz-dependent chemokinetic behavior during vegetative swarming. J Bacteriol. 180:1998;440-443.
50. Mizuno T. His-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction. J Biochem. 123:1998;555-563.