The effect of etonogestrel on VEGF, oestrogen and progesterone receptor immunoreactivity and endothelial cell number in human endometrium

Human Reproduction

Volumn 14, Issue 12, 1999, Pages 3080-3087

  Macpherson, Anne M ^a   Archer, David F ^b   Leslie, Susan ^b   Charnock Jones, D Stephen ^a   Makkink, W Karolien ^c   Smith, Stephen K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b EASTERN VIRGINIA MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^c NV ORGANON   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Angiogenesis; Bleeding; Contraceptive; Edometrium; Edothelium

Indexed keywords

CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; DESOGESTREL PLUS ETHINYLESTRADIOL; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; ETONOGESTREL; PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VASCULOTROPIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CELL COUNT; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; MENSTRUAL IRREGULARITY; NORMAL HUMAN;

EID: 0032741538     PISSN: 02681161     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/humrep/14.12.3080     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Charnock-Jones, D.S., Sharkey, A.M., Rajput-Williams et al. (1993) Identification and localization of alternately spliced mRNAs for vascular endothelial growth factor in human uterus and estrogen regulation in endometrial carcinoma cell lines. Biol. Reprod., 48, 1120-1128.
2. Chauchereau, A., Savouret, J.F., and Milgrom, E. (1991) Control of biosynthesis and post-transcriptional modification of the progesterone receptor. Biol. Reprod., 46, 174-177.
3. Critchley, H.O.D., Bailey, D.A., Au, C.L. et al. (1993) Immunohistochemical sex steroid receptor distribution in endometrium from long-term subdermal levonorgestrel users and during the normal menstrual cycle. Hum. Reprod., 8, 1632-1639.
4. Cullinan-Bove, K., and Koos, R.D. (1993) Vascular endothelial growth factor/ vascular permeability factor expression in the rat uterus: Rapid stimulation by estrogen correlates with estrogen-induced increases in uterine capillary permeability and growth. Endocrinology, 133, 829-837.
5. Ferrara, N., Houck, K., Jakeman, L. et al. (1992) Molecular and biological properties of the vascular endothelial growth factor family of proteins. Endocr. Rev., 13, 18-32.
6. Goodger Macpherson, A.M. and Rogers, P.A.W. (1995) Blood vessel growth and endothelial cell density in rat endometrium. J. Reprod. Fertil., 105, 259-261.
7. Goodger Macpherson, A.M., and Rogers, P.A.W. (1994) Endometrial endothelial cell proliferation during the menstrual cycle. Hum. Reprod., 9, 399-405.
8. Goodger Macpherson, A.M., Rogers, P.A.W. and Affandi, B. (1994) Endometrial endothelial cell proliferation in long-term users of subdermal levonorgestrel. Hum. Reprod., 9, 1647-1651.
9. Gordon, J.D., Shifren, J.L., Foulk, R.A. et al. (1995) Angiogenesis in the human female reproductive tract. Obstet. Gynecol. Surv., 50, 688-697.
10. Greb, R.R., Bukowski, R., Hsiu, J.G. et al. (1995) Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in primate endometrium. Immunohistochemical patterns during the cycle and after chronic RU 486 treatment in cynomolgus monkeys. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 761.
11. Hendrickson, M.R. and Kempson, R.L. (1980) Surgical Pathology of the Uterine Corpus. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, USA.
12. Hickey, M., Lau, T.M., Russell, P. et al. (1996) Microvascular density in conditions of endometrial atrophy. Hum. Reprod., 11, 2009-2013.
13. Hickey, M., Simbar, M., Markham, R. et al. (1999) Changes in vascular basement membrane in the endometrium of Norplant users. Hum. Reprod., 14, 716-721.
14. Huang, J.C., Liu, D.Y., Dawood, M.Y. (1998) The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor isoforms in cultured human endometrial stromal cells and its regulation by 17β-oestradiol. Mol. Hum. Reprod., 4, 603-607.
15. Hyder, S.M., Stancel, G.M., Chiappetta, C. et al. (1996) Uterine expression of vascular endothelial growth factor is increased by estradiol and tamoxifen. Cancer Res., 56, 3954-3960.
16. Kaunitz, A.M. (1993) Combined oral contraception with desogestrel/ethinyl estradiol: Tolerability profile. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 168, 1028-1033.
17. Kuhl, H. (1996) Comparative pharmacology of newer progestogens. Drugs, 51, 188-215.
18. Lau, T.M., Affandi, B. and Rogers, P.A.W. (1999) The effects of levonorgestrel implants on vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the endometrium. Mol. Hum. Reprod., 5, 57-63.
19. Li, X.F., Gregory, J. and Ahmed, A. (1994) Immunolocalisation of vascular endothelial growth factor in human endometrium. Growth Factors, 11, 277-282.
20. McDonnell, D.P., Clemm, D.L., Hermann, T., et al. (1995) Analysis of estrogen receptor function in vitro reveals three distinct classes of antiestrogens. Mol. Endocrinol., 9, 659-669.
21. Ravn, V., Bruun Rasmussen, B., Hojholt, L. et al. (1993) Reproducibility of subjective immunohistochemical estrogen-and progesterone receptor determination in human endometrium. Pathol. Res. Prac., 189, 1015-1022.
22. Rogers, P.A.W. (1996) Endometrial vasculature in Norplant users. Hum. Reprod., 11 (Suppl. 2), 45-50.
23. Rogers, P.A.W., Au, S.L. and Affandi, B. (1993) Endometrial microvascular density during the normal menstrual cycle and following exposure to long-term levonorgestrel. Hum. Reprod., 8, 1396-1404.
24. Shifren, J.L., Tseng, J.F., Zaloudek, C.J. et al. (1996) Ovarian steroid regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor in the human endometrium: Implications for angiogenesis during the menstrual cycle and in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 81, 3112-3118.
25. Snijders, M., De Goeij, A., Debets-Te Baerts, M.J.C. et al. (1992) Immunocytochemical analysis of oestrogen receptors and progesterone receptors in the human uterus throughout the menstrual cycle and after the menopause. J. Reprod. Fertil., 94, 363-371.
26. Song, J.Y., Markham, R., Russell, P. et al. (1995) The effect of high-dose medium-and long-term progestogen exposure on endometrial vessels. Hum. Reprod., 10, 797-800.
27. Torry, D.S., Holt, V.J., Keenan, J.A. et al. (1996) Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in cycling human endometrium. Fertil. Steril., 66, 72-80.
28. Vartanian, R.K. and Weidner, N. (1994) Correlation of intratumoral endothelial cell proliferation with microvessel density (tumor angiogenesis) and tumor cell proliferation in breast carcinoma. Am. J. Pathol., 144, 1188-1194.
29. Wilde, M.I. and Balfour, J.A. (1995) Gestodene - A review of its pharmacology, efficacy and tolerability in combined contraceptive preparations. Drugs, 50, 364-395.