메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 153-179

Mapping the physiological parameters of articular cartilage with magnetic resonance imaging

Author keywords

Cartilage; Cartilage physiology; Magnetic resonance imaging; MR parameters of cartilage relaxation mapping

Indexed keywords

ARTICULAR CARTILAGE; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; HISTOCHEMISTRY; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TISSUE CHARACTERIZATION;

EID: 0032733993     PISSN: 08993459     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00002142-199906000-00001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (15)

References (173)
  • 1
    • 0028299677 scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging of the musculoskeletal system
    • Peterfy CG, Linares R, Steinvach LS. Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging of the musculoskeletal system. Radiol Clin North Am 1994;32:291-311.
    • (1994) Radiol Clin North Am , vol.32 , pp. 291-311
    • Peterfy, C.G.1    Linares, R.2    Steinvach, L.S.3
  • 2
    • 0030033832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR imaging of cartilage: Evaluation and comparison of MR imaging techniques
    • Balkissoon A. MR imaging of cartilage: Evaluation and comparison of MR imaging techniques. Topics Magn Reson Imaging 1996; 8:57-67.
    • (1996) Topics Magn Reson Imaging , vol.8 , pp. 57-67
    • Balkissoon, A.1
  • 3
    • 0028100572 scopus 로고
    • MR imaging of articular cartilage: Current status and future directions
    • Recht MP, Resnick D. MR imaging of articular cartilage: Current status and future directions. AJR 1994;163:283-90.
    • (1994) AJR , vol.163 , pp. 283-290
    • Recht, M.P.1    Resnick, D.2
  • 4
    • 0030666614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution imaging of the musculoskeletal system
    • Erickson SJ. High-resolution imaging of the musculoskeletal system. Radiology 1997;205:593-618.
    • (1997) Radiology , vol.205 , pp. 593-618
    • Erickson, S.J.1
  • 5
    • 0028603633 scopus 로고
    • The morphology of articular cartilage assessed by magnetic resonance imaging
    • Eckstein F, Sittek H, Milz S, Putz R, Reiser M. The morphology of articular cartilage assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Surg Radiol Anat 1994;16:429-38.
    • (1994) Surg Radiol Anat , vol.16 , pp. 429-438
    • Eckstein, F.1    Sittek, H.2    Milz, S.3    Putz, R.4    Reiser, M.5
  • 6
    • 0030039545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance chondro-crassometry (MR CCM): A method for accurate determination of articular cartilage thickness
    • Eckstein F, Sittek H, Gavezzeni A, et al. Magnetic resonance chondro-crassometry (MR CCM): A method for accurate determination of articular cartilage thickness. Magn Reson Med 1996;35:89-96.
    • (1996) Magn Reson Med , vol.35 , pp. 89-96
    • Eckstein, F.1    Sittek, H.2    Gavezzeni, A.3
  • 7
    • 0026654868 scopus 로고
    • Width of the articular cartilage of the hip: Quantification by using fat-suppression spin echo MR imaging in cadavers
    • Hodler J, Trudell D, Pathria MN, Resnick D. Width of the articular cartilage of the hip: Quantification by using fat-suppression spin echo MR imaging in cadavers. AJR 1992;159:351-55.
    • (1992) AJR , vol.159 , pp. 351-355
    • Hodler, J.1    Trudell, D.2    Pathria, M.N.3    Resnick, D.4
  • 8
  • 9
    • 0029150680 scopus 로고
    • Quantification of the volume of articular cartilage in the metacarpophalangeal joints of the hand: Accuracy and precision of three-dimensional MR imaging
    • Peterfy CG, van Dijke CF, Ying L, et al. Quantification of the volume of articular cartilage in the metacarpophalangeal joints of the hand: Accuracy and precision of three-dimensional MR imaging. AJR 1995;165:371-5.
    • (1995) AJR , vol.165 , pp. 371-375
    • Peterfy, C.G.1    Van Dijke, C.F.2    Ying, L.3
  • 10
    • 0030059995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of normal patellar cartilage volume and thickness using MRI: An analysis of currently available pulse sequences
    • Sittek H, Eckstein F, Gavezzeni A, et al. Assessment of normal patellar cartilage volume and thickness using MRI: An analysis of currently available pulse sequences. Skeletal Radiol 1996;25:55-62.
    • (1996) Skeletal Radiol , vol.25 , pp. 55-62
    • Sittek, H.1    Eckstein, F.2    Gavezzeni, A.3
  • 11
    • 0030923403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Articular cartilage. Part I: Tissue design and chondrocyte-matrix interactions
    • Buckwalter JA, Mankin HJ. Articular cartilage. Part I: Tissue design and chondrocyte-matrix interactions. J Bone Joint Surg 1997; 79A:600-11.
    • (1997) J Bone Joint Surg , vol.79 A , pp. 600-611
    • Buckwalter, J.A.1    Mankin, H.J.2
  • 12
    • 0002118906 scopus 로고
    • Form and function of articular cartilage
    • Simon SR, ed. Park Ridge, IL: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
    • Mankin HJ, Mow VC, Buckwalter JA, Iannotti JP, Ratcliffe A. Form and function of articular cartilage. In: Simon SR, ed. Orthopaedic basic science. Park Ridge, IL: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1994:1-19.
    • (1994) Orthopaedic Basic Science , pp. 1-19
    • Mankin, H.J.1    Mow, V.C.2    Buckwalter, J.A.3    Iannotti, J.P.4    Ratcliffe, A.5
  • 13
    • 0001882537 scopus 로고
    • Articular cartilage morphology
    • Kuettner KE, Schleyerbach R, Hascall VC, eds. New York: Raven Press
    • Schenk RK, Eggli PS, Hunziker EB. Articular cartilage morphology. In: Kuettner KE, Schleyerbach R, Hascall VC, eds. Articular cartilage biochemistry. New York: Raven Press, 1986:3-22.
    • (1986) Articular Cartilage Biochemistry , pp. 3-22
    • Schenk, R.K.1    Eggli, P.S.2    Hunziker, E.B.3
  • 14
    • 0002550949 scopus 로고
    • Articular cartilage structure in humans and experimental animals
    • Kuettner KE, Schleyerbach R, Peyron JG, Hascall VC, eds. New York: Raven Press
    • Hunziker EB. Articular cartilage structure in humans and experimental animals. In: Kuettner KE, Schleyerbach R, Peyron JG, Hascall VC, eds. Articular cartilage and osteoarthritis. New York: Raven Press, 1992:183-99.
    • (1992) Articular Cartilage and Osteoarthritis , pp. 183-199
    • Hunziker, E.B.1
  • 15
    • 0001907271 scopus 로고
    • Physicochemical properties of articular cartilage
    • Freeman MAR, ed. London: Pitman Medical
    • Maroudas A. Physicochemical properties of articular cartilage. In: Freeman MAR, ed. Adult articular cartilage. London: Pitman Medical, 1979:215-90.
    • (1979) Adult Articular Cartilage , pp. 215-290
    • Maroudas, A.1
  • 16
    • 0002911865 scopus 로고
    • Different ways of expressing concentration of cartilage constituents with special reference to the tissue's organization and functional properties
    • Maroudas A, Kuettner K, eds. London: Academic Press
    • Maroudas A. Different ways of expressing concentration of cartilage constituents with special reference to the tissue's organization and functional properties. In: Maroudas A, Kuettner K, eds. Methods in cartilage research. London: Academic Press, 1990:211-9.
    • (1990) Methods in Cartilage Research , pp. 211-219
    • Maroudas, A.1
  • 17
    • 0021860864 scopus 로고
    • Orientation of tendons in the magnetic field and its effect on T2 relaxation times
    • Fullerton GD, Cameron IL, Ord VA. Orientation of tendons in the magnetic field and its effect on T2 relaxation times. Radiology 1985;155:433-5.
    • (1985) Radiology , vol.155 , pp. 433-435
    • Fullerton, G.D.1    Cameron, I.L.2    Ord, V.A.3
  • 18
    • 0001158810 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear magnetic resonance study of collagen hydration
    • Berendsen HJC. Nuclear magnetic resonance study of collagen hydration. J Chem Phys 1962;36:3297-305.
    • (1962) J Chem Phys , vol.36 , pp. 3297-3305
    • Berendsen, H.J.C.1
  • 19
    • 0019568945 scopus 로고
    • Effects of nonlinear strain-dependent permeability and rate of compression on the stress behavior of articular cartilage
    • Lai WM, Mow VC, Roth V. Effects of nonlinear strain-dependent permeability and rate of compression on the stress behavior of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng 1981;103:61-6.
    • (1981) J Biomech Eng , vol.103 , pp. 61-66
    • Lai, W.M.1    Mow, V.C.2    Roth, V.3
  • 20
    • 0344939080 scopus 로고
    • The water of articular cartilage
    • Simon WH, ed. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
    • Mankin HJ. The water of articular cartilage. In: Simon WH, ed. The human joint in health and disease. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1978:37-42.
    • (1978) The Human Joint in Health and Disease , pp. 37-42
    • Mankin, H.J.1
  • 21
    • 0023127350 scopus 로고
    • Free and exchangeable or trapped and non-exchangeable water in cartilage
    • Maroudas A, Schneiderman R. Free and exchangeable or trapped and non-exchangeable water in cartilage. Orthop Res 1987;5: 133-8.
    • (1987) Orthop Res , vol.5 , pp. 133-138
    • Maroudas, A.1    Schneiderman, R.2
  • 22
    • 0002448771 scopus 로고
    • Articular cartilage: Biomechanics
    • Woo SL-Y, Buckwalter JA, eds. Park Ridge, IL: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
    • Mow VC, Rosenwasser MP. Articular cartilage: Biomechanics. In: Woo SL-Y, Buckwalter JA, eds. Injury and repair of the musculoskeletal soft tissues. Park Ridge, IL: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 1988:427-63.
    • (1988) Injury and Repair of the Musculoskeletal Soft Tissues , pp. 427-463
    • Mow, V.C.1    Rosenwasser, M.P.2
  • 23
    • 0002799604 scopus 로고
    • Cartilage repair in osteoarthritis
    • Moskowitz RW, Howell DS, Goldberg VM, Mankin HJ, eds. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders
    • Buckwalter JA, Mow VC. Cartilage repair in osteoarthritis. In: Moskowitz RW, Howell DS, Goldberg VM, Mankin HJ, eds. Osteoarthritis, diagnosis and medical/surgical management, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1992:71-107.
    • (1992) Osteoarthritis, Diagnosis and Medical/surgical Management, 2nd Ed. , pp. 71-107
    • Buckwalter, J.A.1    Mow, V.C.2
  • 24
    • 34347160519 scopus 로고
    • Form und bau der gelenkknorpel in ihren beziehungen zur funktion. I. Die modellierenden und formerhaltenden faktoren del knorpelreliefs
    • Benninghoff A. Form und bau der gelenkknorpel in ihren beziehungen zur funktion. I. Die modellierenden und formerhaltenden faktoren del knorpelreliefs. Z Gesamte Anat 1925;76:43-63.
    • (1925) Z Gesamte Anat , vol.76 , pp. 43-63
    • Benninghoff, A.1
  • 26
    • 0002386820 scopus 로고
    • Articular cartilage: Composition, structure, response to injury, and methods of facilitating repairs
    • Ewing JW, ed. New York: Raven Press
    • Buckwalter JA, Rosenberg LC, Hunziger EB. Articular cartilage: Composition, structure, response to injury, and methods of facilitating repairs. In: Ewing JW, ed. Articular cartilage and knee joint function. New York: Raven Press, 1990:19-54.
    • (1990) Articular Cartilage and Knee Joint Function , pp. 19-54
    • Buckwalter, J.A.1    Rosenberg, L.C.2    Hunziger, E.B.3
  • 27
    • 0001849945 scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of articular chondrocytes
    • Kuettner KE, Schleyerbach R, Peyron JG, Hascall VC, eds. New York: Raven Press
    • Aydelotte MB, Schumacher BL, Kuettner KE. Heterogeneity of articular chondrocytes. In: Kuettner KE, Schleyerbach R, Peyron JG, Hascall VC, eds. Articular cartilage and osteoarthritis. New York: Raven Press, 1992:237-49.
    • (1992) Articular Cartilage and Osteoarthritis , pp. 237-249
    • Aydelotte, M.B.1    Schumacher, B.L.2    Kuettner, K.E.3
  • 29
    • 0018956680 scopus 로고
    • The intrinsic tensile behavior of the matrix of bovine articular cartilage and its variation with age
    • Roth V, Mow VC. The intrinsic tensile behavior of the matrix of bovine articular cartilage and its variation with age. J Bone Joint Surg 1980;62A:1102-117.
    • (1980) J Bone Joint Surg , vol.62 A , pp. 1102-1117
    • Roth, V.1    Mow, V.C.2
  • 30
    • 0028467036 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical properties of canine articular cartilage are significantly altered following transection of the anterior cruciate ligament
    • Setton LA, Mow VC, Muller FJ, Pita JC, Howell DS. Mechanical properties of canine articular cartilage are significantly altered following transection of the anterior cruciate ligament. J Orthop Res 1994;12:451-63.
    • (1994) J Orthop Res , vol.12 , pp. 451-463
    • Setton, L.A.1    Mow, V.C.2    Muller, F.J.3    Pita, J.C.4    Howell, D.S.5
  • 31
    • 0030885051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Articular cartilage. Part II: Degeneration and osteoarthrosis, repair, regeneration, and transplantation
    • Buckwalter JA, Mankin HJ. Articular cartilage. Part II: Degeneration and osteoarthrosis, repair, regeneration, and transplantation. J Bone Joint Surg 1997;79A(4):612-32.
    • (1997) J Bone Joint Surg , vol.79 A , Issue.4 , pp. 612-632
    • Buckwalter, J.A.1    Mankin, H.J.2
  • 32
    • 0005559928 scopus 로고
    • Degenerative joint diseases
    • Summit, NJ: Ciba-Geigy
    • Buckwalter JA, Martin JA. Degenerative joint diseases. In: Clinical symposia. Summit, NJ: Ciba-Geigy, 1995:2-32.
    • (1995) Clinical Symposia , pp. 2-32
    • Buckwalter, J.A.1    Martin, J.A.2
  • 33
    • 0016333824 scopus 로고
    • The reaction of articular cartilage to injury and osteoarthritis (part i)
    • Mankin HJ. The reaction of articular cartilage to injury and osteoarthritis (part i). N Engl J Med 1974;291:1285-92.
    • (1974) N Engl J Med , vol.291 , pp. 1285-1292
    • Mankin, H.J.1
  • 34
    • 0016397252 scopus 로고
    • The reaction of articular cartilage to injury and osteoarthritis (part ii)
    • Mankin HJ. The reaction of articular cartilage to injury and osteoarthritis (part ii). N Engl J Med 1974;291:1335-40.
    • (1974) N Engl J Med , vol.291 , pp. 1335-1340
    • Mankin, H.J.1
  • 35
    • 0017694757 scopus 로고
    • Osteoarthritic articular cartilage lesions of the femoral head observed with scanning electron microscopy
    • Minns RJ, Steven FS, Hardinge K. Osteoarthritic articular cartilage lesions of the femoral head observed with scanning electron microscopy. J Pathol 1977;122:63-70.
    • (1977) J Pathol , vol.122 , pp. 63-70
    • Minns, R.J.1    Steven, F.S.2    Hardinge, K.3
  • 39
    • 0017290857 scopus 로고
    • Balance between swelling pressure and collagen tension in normal and degenerate cartilage
    • Maroudas A. Balance between swelling pressure and collagen tension in normal and degenerate cartilage. Nature 1976;260:808-9.
    • (1976) Nature , vol.260 , pp. 808-809
    • Maroudas, A.1
  • 40
    • 0032520708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical properties of the collagen network in human articular cartilage as measured by osmotic stress technique
    • Basser PJ, Schneiderman R, Banks R, Wachtel E, Maroudas A. Mechanical properties of the collagen network in human articular cartilage as measured by osmotic stress technique. Arch Biochem Biophys 1998;351:207-19.
    • (1998) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.351 , pp. 207-219
    • Basser, P.J.1    Schneiderman, R.2    Banks, R.3    Wachtel, E.4    Maroudas, A.5
  • 41
    • 0024579057 scopus 로고
    • Structure, function, and degeneration of bovine hyaline cartilage: Assessment with MR in-vitro
    • Lehner KB, Rechl HP, Gmeinwieser JK, Heuck AF, Lukas HP, Kohl HP. Structure, function, and degeneration of bovine hyaline cartilage: Assessment with MR in-vitro. Radiology 1989;170: 495-9.
    • (1989) Radiology , vol.170 , pp. 495-499
    • Lehner, K.B.1    Rechl, H.P.2    Gmeinwieser, J.K.3    Heuck, A.F.4    Lukas, H.P.5    Kohl, H.P.6
  • 42
    • 0026337238 scopus 로고
    • Articular cartilage: Correlation of histologic zones with signal intensity in MR imaging
    • Modl JM, Sether LA, Haughton VM, et al. Articular cartilage: Correlation of histologic zones with signal intensity in MR imaging. Radiology 1991;181:853-5.
    • (1991) Radiology , vol.181 , pp. 853-855
    • Modl, J.M.1    Sether, L.A.2    Haughton, V.M.3
  • 43
  • 44
    • 0001434472 scopus 로고
    • Hyaline articular cartilage: Relaxation times, pulse sequence parameters and MR appearance at 1.5T
    • Chalkias SM, Pozzi-Mucelli RS, Pozzi-Mucelli M, Frezza F, Longo R. Hyaline articular cartilage: Relaxation times, pulse sequence parameters and MR appearance at 1.5T. Eur Radiol J 1994; 4:353-9.
    • (1994) Eur Radiol J , vol.4 , pp. 353-359
    • Chalkias, S.M.1    Pozzi-Mucelli, R.S.2    Pozzi-Mucelli, M.3    Frezza, F.4    Longo, R.5
  • 45
    • 0026776953 scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional gradient-echo MR imaging of the knee: Comparison with arthroscopy in 100 patients
    • Heron CW, Calvert PT. Three-dimensional gradient-echo MR imaging of the knee: Comparison with arthroscopy in 100 patients. Radiology 1992;183:839-44.
    • (1992) Radiology , vol.183 , pp. 839-844
    • Heron, C.W.1    Calvert, P.T.2
  • 46
    • 0027155564 scopus 로고
    • Abnormalities of articular cartilage in the knee: Analysis of available MR techniques
    • Recht MP, Kramer J, Marcelis S, et al. Abnormalities of articular cartilage in the knee: Analysis of available MR techniques. Radiology 1993;187:473-8.
    • (1993) Radiology , vol.187 , pp. 473-478
    • Recht, M.P.1    Kramer, J.2    Marcelis, S.3
  • 47
    • 0028012235 scopus 로고
    • Severity of articular cartilage abnormality in patients with osteoarthritis: Evaluation with fast spin echo MR vs arthroscopy
    • Broderick LS, Turner DA, Renfrew DL, Schnitzer TJ, Huff JP, Harris C. Severity of articular cartilage abnormality in patients with osteoarthritis: Evaluation with fast spin echo MR vs arthroscopy. AJR 1994;162:99-103.
    • (1994) AJR , vol.162 , pp. 99-103
    • Broderick, L.S.1    Turner, D.A.2    Renfrew, D.L.3    Schnitzer, T.J.4    Huff, J.P.5    Harris, C.6
  • 48
    • 0028256002 scopus 로고
    • MR imaging of the arthritic knee: Improved discrimination of cartilage synovia, and effusion with pulsed saturation transfer subtraction and fat-suppressed T1-weighted sequences
    • Peterfy CG, Majumdar S, Lang P, van Dijke CF, Sack K, Genant HK. MR imaging of the arthritic knee: Improved discrimination of cartilage synovia, and effusion with pulsed saturation transfer subtraction and fat-suppressed T1-weighted sequences. Radiology 1994;191:413-9.
    • (1994) Radiology , vol.191 , pp. 413-419
    • Peterfy, C.G.1    Majumdar, S.2    Lang, P.3    Van Dijke, C.F.4    Sack, K.5    Genant, H.K.6
  • 50
    • 0027967791 scopus 로고
    • Fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled GRASS imaging of knee hyaline cartilage: Technique optimization and comparison with conventional MR imaging
    • Disler DG, Peters TL, Muscoreil SJ, et al. Fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled GRASS imaging of knee hyaline cartilage: Technique optimization and comparison with conventional MR imaging. AJR 1994;163:887-92.
    • (1994) AJR , vol.163 , pp. 887-892
    • Disler, D.G.1    Peters, T.L.2    Muscoreil, S.J.3
  • 51
    • 0029148103 scopus 로고
    • Detection of knee hyaline cartilage defects using fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo imaging of hyaline cartilage defects in the knee: Comparison with standard MR imaging and arthroscopy
    • Disler DG, McCauley TR, Wirth CR, Fuchs MD. Detection of knee hyaline cartilage defects using fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo imaging of hyaline cartilage defects in the knee: Comparison with standard MR imaging and arthroscopy. AJR 1995;165:377-82.
    • (1995) AJR , vol.165 , pp. 377-382
    • Disler, D.G.1    McCauley, T.R.2    Wirth, C.R.3    Fuchs, M.D.4
  • 52
    • 0030004409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo imaging of hyaline cartilage defects in the knee: Comparison with standard MR imaging and arthroscopy
    • Disler DG, McCauley TR, Kelman CG, et al. Fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo imaging of hyaline cartilage defects in the knee: Comparison with standard MR imaging and arthroscopy. AJR 1996;167:127-32.
    • (1996) AJR , vol.167 , pp. 127-132
    • Disler, D.G.1    McCauley, T.R.2    Kelman, C.G.3
  • 53
    • 0029809671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyaline cartilage: Truncation artifact as a cause of trilaminar appearance with fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled sequences
    • Erickson SJ, Waldschmidt JG, Czervionke LF, Prost RW. Hyaline cartilage: Truncation artifact as a cause of trilaminar appearance with fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled sequences. Radiology 1996;201:260-4.
    • (1996) Radiology , vol.201 , pp. 260-264
    • Erickson, S.J.1    Waldschmidt, J.G.2    Czervionke, L.F.3    Prost, R.W.4
  • 54
    • 0031033242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR imaging truncation artifacts can create a false laminar appearance in cartilage
    • Frank LR, Brossmann J, Buxton RB, Resnick D. MR imaging truncation artifacts can create a false laminar appearance in cartilage. AJR 1997;168:547-54.
    • (1997) AJR , vol.168 , pp. 547-554
    • Frank, L.R.1    Brossmann, J.2    Buxton, R.B.3    Resnick, D.4
  • 55
    • 0026914023 scopus 로고
    • Practical T2 quantitation for clinical applications
    • Poon CS, Henkelman RM. Practical T2 quantitation for clinical applications. JMRI 1992;2:541-53.
    • (1992) JMRI , vol.2 , pp. 541-553
    • Poon, C.S.1    Henkelman, R.M.2
  • 56
    • 0031261908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro and in vivo MR imaging of hyaline cartilage: Zonal anatomy, imaging pitfalls, and pathologic conditions
    • Waldschmidt JG, Rilling RJ, Kajdacsy-Balla AA, Boynton MD, Erickson SJ. In vitro and in vivo MR imaging of hyaline cartilage: Zonal anatomy, imaging pitfalls, and pathologic conditions. Radiographics 1997;17:1387-402.
    • (1997) Radiographics , vol.17 , pp. 1387-1402
    • Waldschmidt, J.G.1    Rilling, R.J.2    Kajdacsy-Balla, A.A.3    Boynton, M.D.4    Erickson, S.J.5
  • 59
    • 0002590130 scopus 로고
    • Dispersion of proton spin-lattice relaxation in tissues
    • Knispel RR, Thompson RT. Dispersion of proton spin-lattice relaxation in tissues. J Magn Reson 1974;14:44-51.
    • (1974) J Magn Reson , vol.14 , pp. 44-51
    • Knispel, R.R.1    Thompson, R.T.2
  • 60
    • 0016702949 scopus 로고
    • Origin of the nonexponentiality of the water proton spin relaxation in tissues
    • Diegel JG, Pintar MM. Origin of the nonexponentiality of the water proton spin relaxation in tissues. Biophys J 1975;15:44-51.
    • (1975) Biophys J , vol.15 , pp. 44-51
    • Diegel, J.G.1    Pintar, M.M.2
  • 61
    • 0021152307 scopus 로고
    • A review of normal tissue hydrogen NMR relaxation time and relaxation mechanisms from 1-100MHz: Dependence on tissue type, NMR frequency, temperature, species, excision, and age
    • Bottomley PA, Foster TH, Argersinger RE, Pfeifer LM. A review of normal tissue hydrogen NMR relaxation time and relaxation mechanisms from 1-100MHz: Dependence on tissue type, NMR frequency, temperature, species, excision, and age. Med Phys 1984; 11:425-48.
    • (1984) Med Phys , vol.11 , pp. 425-448
    • Bottomley, P.A.1    Foster, T.H.2    Argersinger, R.E.3    Pfeifer, L.M.4
  • 65
    • 33745930076 scopus 로고
    • Relaxation effects in nuclear magnetic resonance absorption
    • Bloembergen N, Purcell EM, Pound RV. Relaxation effects in nuclear magnetic resonance absorption. Phys Rev 1948;73:679-712.
    • (1948) Phys Rev , vol.73 , pp. 679-712
    • Bloembergen, N.1    Purcell, E.M.2    Pound, R.V.3
  • 66
    • 0017785402 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of water in heterogeneous systems
    • Packer KJ. The dynamics of water in heterogeneous systems. Phil Trans R Soc Lond 1977;278:59-87.
    • (1977) Phil Trans R Soc Lond , vol.278 , pp. 59-87
    • Packer, K.J.1
  • 67
    • 0344077035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of multiple T2 components in cartilage
    • Vancouver, April 1997. International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
    • Mosher TJ, Dardzinski BJ, Smith MB. Characterization of multiple T2 components in cartilage. In: Proceedings of the 5th scientific international meeting, Vancouver, April 1997. International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 1997:1331.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the 5th Scientific International Meeting , pp. 1331
    • Mosher, T.J.1    Dardzinski, B.J.2    Smith, M.B.3
  • 70
    • 0030745403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short TE MR microscopy: Accurate measurement and zonal differentiation of normal hyaline cartilage
    • Freeman DM, Bergman G, Glover G. Short TE MR microscopy: Accurate measurement and zonal differentiation of normal hyaline cartilage. Magn Reson Med 1997;38:72-81.
    • (1997) Magn Reson Med , vol.38 , pp. 72-81
    • Freeman, D.M.1    Bergman, G.2    Glover, G.3
  • 72
    • 0025696070 scopus 로고
    • Fiber-to-field angle dependence of proton nuclear magnetic relaxation in collagen
    • Peto S, Gillis P. Fiber-to-field angle dependence of proton nuclear magnetic relaxation in collagen. Magn Reson Imaging 1990;8:705-12.
    • (1990) Magn Reson Imaging , vol.8 , pp. 705-712
    • Peto, S.1    Gillis, P.2
  • 73
    • 0344939078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Micro-imaging and the magic angle effect in cartilage
    • New York, April/May 1996. Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
    • Dunn JF, Goodwin DW. Micro-imaging and the magic angle effect in cartilage. In: Proceedings of the 4th scientific international meeting, New York, April/May 1996. Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 1996:206.
    • (1996) Proceedings of the 4th Scientific International Meeting , pp. 206
    • Dunn, J.F.1    Goodwin, D.W.2
  • 74
    • 0031809322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relaxation anisotropy in cartilage by NMR microscopy (μMRI) at 14 μm resolution
    • Xia Y. Relaxation anisotropy in cartilage by NMR microscopy (μMRI) at 14 μm resolution. Magn Reson Med 1998;39:941-9.
    • (1998) Magn Reson Med , vol.39 , pp. 941-949
    • Xia, Y.1
  • 76
    • 0030306662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrast in NMR imaging and microscopy
    • Xia Y. Contrast in NMR imaging and microscopy. Concepts Magn Reson 1996;8:205-25.
    • (1996) Concepts Magn Reson , vol.8 , pp. 205-225
    • Xia, Y.1
  • 80
  • 81
    • 0029828581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of compression and recovery on bovine articular cartilage: Appearance on MR images
    • Rubenstein JD, Kim JK, Henkelman RM. Effects of compression and recovery on bovine articular cartilage: Appearance on MR images. Radiology 1996;201:843-50.
    • (1996) Radiology , vol.201 , pp. 843-850
    • Rubenstein, J.D.1    Kim, J.K.2    Henkelman, R.M.3
  • 82
    • 0014298912 scopus 로고
    • An ultrastructural study of normal young adult human articular cartilage
    • Weiss C, Rosenberg L, Helfet AJ. An ultrastructural study of normal young adult human articular cartilage. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1968;50:663-74.
    • (1968) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.50 , pp. 663-674
    • Weiss, C.1    Rosenberg, L.2    Helfet, A.J.3
  • 83
    • 0020999843 scopus 로고
    • Proteoglycans as organizers of the intercellular matrix
    • Muir H. Proteoglycans as organizers of the intercellular matrix. Biochem Soc Trans 1983;11:613-22.
    • (1983) Biochem Soc Trans , vol.11 , pp. 613-622
    • Muir, H.1
  • 84
    • 0028348829 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion and relaxation mapping of cartilage-bone plugs and excised disks using microscopic magnetic resonance imaging
    • Xia Y, Farquhar T, Burton-Wurster N, Ray E, Jelinski LW. Diffusion and relaxation mapping of cartilage-bone plugs and excised disks using microscopic magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med 1994;31:273-82.
    • (1994) Magn Reson Med , vol.31 , pp. 273-282
    • Xia, Y.1    Farquhar, T.2    Burton-Wurster, N.3    Ray, E.4    Jelinski, L.W.5
  • 85
    • 0029123728 scopus 로고
    • Musculoskeletal MR imaging at 4T and 1.5T: Comparison of relaxation times and impage contrast
    • Duewell SH, Ceckler TL, Hascall VC, Calabro A, Balaban RS. Musculoskeletal MR imaging at 4T and 1.5T: Comparison of relaxation times and impage contrast. Radiology 1995;196:551-5.
    • (1995) Radiology , vol.196 , pp. 551-555
    • Duewell, S.H.1    Ceckler, T.L.2    Hascall, V.C.3    Calabro, A.4    Balaban, R.S.5
  • 87
    • 0023939920 scopus 로고
    • Sodium imaging of human body organs and extremities in vivo
    • Granot J. Sodium imaging of human body organs and extremities in vivo. Radiology 1988;167:547-50.
    • (1988) Radiology , vol.167 , pp. 547-550
    • Granot, J.1
  • 88
    • 0001998065 scopus 로고
    • Biochemistry and metabolism of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis
    • Moskowitz RW, Howell DS, Goldberg VM, Mankin HJ, eds. Philadelphia: WB Saunders
    • Mankin HJ, Brandt KD. Biochemistry and metabolism of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis. In: Moskowitz RW, Howell DS, Goldberg VM, Mankin HJ, eds. Osteoarthritis, diagnosis and medical/ surgical management, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1992: 109-54.
    • (1992) Osteoarthritis, Diagnosis and Medical/ Surgical Management, 2nd Ed. , pp. 109-154
    • Mankin, H.J.1    Brandt, K.D.2
  • 89
    • 0020068724 scopus 로고
    • Variations in the intrinsic mechanical properties of human articular cartilage with age, degeneration, and water content
    • Armstrong CG, Mow VC. Variations in the intrinsic mechanical properties of human articular cartilage with age, degeneration, and water content. J Bone Joint Surg 1982;64(A):88-94.
    • (1982) J Bone Joint Surg , vol.64 , Issue.A , pp. 88-94
    • Armstrong, C.G.1    Mow, V.C.2
  • 90
    • 0017232897 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical changes in the cartilage of the knee in experimental and natural osteoarthritis in the dog
    • McDevitt CA, Muir H. Biochemical changes in the cartilage of the knee in experimental and natural osteoarthritis in the dog. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1976;58:94-101.
    • (1976) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.58 , pp. 94-101
    • McDevitt, C.A.1    Muir, H.2
  • 91
    • 0032899729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping of physiological parameters of articular cartilage in the knee with mri using a local gradient coil
    • Frank LR, Wong EC, Luh WM, Ahn JM, Resnick D. Mapping of physiological parameters of articular cartilage in the knee with mri using a local gradient coil. Radiology 1999;200:241-246.
    • (1999) Radiology , vol.200 , pp. 241-246
    • Frank, L.R.1    Wong, E.C.2    Luh, W.M.3    Ahn, J.M.4    Resnick, D.5
  • 92
    • 0027891921 scopus 로고
    • Short echo time magnetic resonance imaging of tendon
    • Koblick PD, Freeman DM. Short echo time magnetic resonance imaging of tendon. Invest Radiol 1993;28:1095-100.
    • (1993) Invest Radiol , vol.28 , pp. 1095-1100
    • Koblick, P.D.1    Freeman, D.M.2
  • 95
    • 33746803555 scopus 로고
    • Image formation induced by local interactions: Examples employing nuclear magnetic resonance
    • Lauterbur P. Image formation induced by local interactions: Examples employing nuclear magnetic resonance. Nature 1973;242: 190-1.
    • (1973) Nature , vol.242 , pp. 190-191
    • Lauterbur, P.1
  • 96
    • 0025876984 scopus 로고
    • Lung parenchyma: Projection reconstruction imaging
    • Bergin CJ, Pauly JM, Macovski A. Lung parenchyma: Projection reconstruction imaging. Radiology 1991;179:777-81.
    • (1991) Radiology , vol.179 , pp. 777-781
    • Bergin, C.J.1    Pauly, J.M.2    Macovski, A.3
  • 97
    • 0030910660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrashort echo time projection reconstruction MR imaging of cartilage with histopathologic correlation: Comparison with fat-suppressed spoiled GRASS and magnetization transfer contrast MR imaging
    • Brossmann J, Frank LR, Pauly JM, et al. Ultrashort echo time projection reconstruction MR imaging of cartilage with histopathologic correlation: Comparison with fat-suppressed spoiled GRASS and Magnetization Transfer Contrast MR imaging. Radiology 1997;203:501-7.
    • (1997) Radiology , vol.203 , pp. 501-507
    • Brossmann, J.1    Frank, L.R.2    Pauly, J.M.3
  • 98
    • 0028829261 scopus 로고
    • MR spectroscopic imaging of collagen, tendons, and knee menisci
    • Gold G, Pauly J, Macovski A, Herfkens R. MR spectroscopic imaging of collagen, tendons, and knee menisci. Magn Reson Med 1995;34:647-54.
    • (1995) Magn Reson Med , vol.34 , pp. 647-654
    • Gold, G.1    Pauly, J.2    Macovski, A.3    Herfkens, R.4
  • 99
    • 0032065442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR imaging of articular cartilage of the knee: New methods using ultrashort TE's
    • Gold G, Thedens DR, Pauly J, et al. MR imaging of articular cartilage of the knee: New methods using ultrashort TE's. AJR 1998;170:1223-6.
    • (1998) AJR , vol.170 , pp. 1223-1226
    • Gold, G.1    Thedens, D.R.2    Pauly, J.3
  • 100
    • 0028957906 scopus 로고
    • Fast three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging
    • Irarrazabal P, Nishimura DG. Fast three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med 1995;33:656-62.
    • (1995) Magn Reson Med , vol.33 , pp. 656-662
    • Irarrazabal, P.1    Nishimura, D.G.2
  • 101
  • 102
    • 0021734325 scopus 로고
    • Field dependence of relaxation times
    • Borcard B. Field dependence of relaxation times. Prog Nucl Med 1984;8:47-54.
    • (1984) Prog Nucl Med , vol.8 , pp. 47-54
    • Borcard, B.1
  • 103
    • 0001675854 scopus 로고
    • Spin-lattice relaxation in the rotating frame: Weak collision case
    • Jones GP. Spin-lattice relaxation in the rotating frame: Weak collision case. Phys Rev 1966;148:332-5.
    • (1966) Phys Rev , vol.148 , pp. 332-335
    • Jones, G.P.1
  • 104
    • 0024415458 scopus 로고
    • Spin locking for magnetic resonance imaging with application to human breast
    • Santyr GE, Henkelman RM, Bronskill MJ. Spin locking for magnetic resonance imaging with application to human breast. Magn Reson Med 1989;12:25-37.
    • (1989) Magn Reson Med , vol.12 , pp. 25-37
    • Santyr, G.E.1    Henkelman, R.M.2    Bronskill, M.J.3
  • 107
    • 0027531941 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of water-macromolecule proton magnetization transfer in articular cartilage
    • Kim JK, Ceckler TL, Hascall VC, Calabro A, Henkelman RM. Analysis of water-macromolecule proton magnetization transfer in articular cartilage. Magn Reson Med 1993;29:211-5.
    • (1993) Magn Reson Med , vol.29 , pp. 211-215
    • Kim, J.K.1    Ceckler, T.L.2    Hascall, V.C.3    Calabro, A.4    Henkelman, R.M.5
  • 108
    • 36849120169 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear magnetic resonance study of proton transfer in water
    • Meiboom S. Nuclear magnetic resonance study of proton transfer in water. J Chem Phys 1965;34:375-88.
    • (1965) J Chem Phys , vol.34 , pp. 375-388
    • Meiboom, S.1
  • 109
    • 0002784183 scopus 로고
    • A pulsed NMR study of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation in the off-resonance rotating frame
    • Cornell BA, Pope JM. A pulsed NMR study of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation in the off-resonance rotating frame. J Magn Reson 1974; 16:172-81.
    • (1974) J Magn Reson , vol.16 , pp. 172-181
    • Cornell, B.A.1    Pope, J.M.2
  • 110
    • 33749622370 scopus 로고
    • Spin echoes
    • Hahn EL. Spin echoes. Phys Rev 1950;80:580-94.
    • (1950) Phys Rev , vol.80 , pp. 580-594
    • Hahn, E.L.1
  • 111
    • 0002164859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of diffusion and perfusion MRI
    • Edelman R, Hesselink J, Zlatkin M, eds. Philadelphia: WB Saunders
    • Buxton RB, Frank LR, Prasad PV. Principles of diffusion and perfusion MRI. In: Edelman R, Hesselink J, Zlatkin M, eds. Clinical magnetic resonance imaging, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1996:233-70.
    • (1996) Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2nd Ed. , pp. 233-270
    • Buxton, R.B.1    Frank, L.R.2    Prasad, P.V.3
  • 112
    • 0002628764 scopus 로고
    • The role of water, proteoglycan, and collagen in solute transport in cartilage
    • Kuettner KE, Schleyerbach R, Peyron JG, Hascall VC, eds. New York: Raven Press
    • Maroudas A, Schneiderman R, Popper O. The role of water, proteoglycan, and collagen in solute transport in cartilage. In: Kuettner KE, Schleyerbach R, Peyron JG, Hascall VC, eds. Articular cartilage and osteoarthritis. New York: Raven Press, 1992:355-72.
    • (1992) Articular Cartilage and Osteoarthritis , pp. 355-372
    • Maroudas, A.1    Schneiderman, R.2    Popper, O.3
  • 113
    • 0021227289 scopus 로고
    • Fluid transport and mechanical properties of articular cartilage: A review
    • Mow VC, Holmes MH, Lai WM. Fluid transport and mechanical properties of articular cartilage: A review. J Biomech 1984;17:377-94.
    • (1984) J Biomech , vol.17 , pp. 377-394
    • Mow, V.C.1    Holmes, M.H.2    Lai, W.M.3
  • 114
    • 0028808664 scopus 로고
    • Visualization of mass transport of small organic molecules and metal ions through articular cartilage by magnetic resonance imaging
    • Fischer AE, Carpenter TA, Tyler JA, Hall LD. Visualization of mass transport of small organic molecules and metal ions through articular cartilage by magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 1995;13:819-26.
    • (1995) Magn Reson Imaging , vol.13 , pp. 819-826
    • Fischer, A.E.1    Carpenter, T.A.2    Tyler, J.A.3    Hall, L.D.4
  • 117
    • 33646376290 scopus 로고
    • Spin diffusion measurements: Spin echoes in the presence of a time dependent field gradient
    • Stejskal EO, Tanner JE. Spin diffusion measurements: Spin echoes in the presence of a time dependent field gradient. J Chem Phys 1965;42:288-92.
    • (1965) J Chem Phys , vol.42 , pp. 288-292
    • Stejskal, E.O.1    Tanner, J.E.2
  • 118
    • 0001519596 scopus 로고
    • Transient diffusion in system partitioned by permeable barriers. Applications to NMR measurements with a pulsed field gradient
    • Tanner JE. Transient diffusion in system partitioned by permeable barriers. Applications to NMR measurements with a pulsed field gradient. J Chem Phys 1978;69:1748-54.
    • (1978) J Chem Phys , vol.69 , pp. 1748-1754
    • Tanner, J.E.1
  • 120
    • 0000869797 scopus 로고
    • Spin echoes for diffusion in bounded, heterogenous media: A numerical study
    • Zientara GP, Freed JH. Spin echoes for diffusion in bounded, heterogenous media: A numerical study. J Chem Phys 1980;72:1285-92.
    • (1980) J Chem Phys , vol.72 , pp. 1285-1292
    • Zientara, G.P.1    Freed, J.H.2
  • 121
    • 0001609515 scopus 로고
    • Interpreting pulsed-gradient spin echo diffusion experiments with permeable membranes
    • von Meerwall E, Ferguson RD. Interpreting pulsed-gradient spin echo diffusion experiments with permeable membranes. J Chem Phys 1974;74:6956.
    • (1974) J Chem Phys , vol.74 , pp. 6956
    • Von Meerwall, E.1    Ferguson, R.D.2
  • 122
    • 0024999041 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of translational displacement probabilities by NMR: An indicator of compartmentation
    • Cory DG, Garroway AN. Measurement of translational displacement probabilities by NMR: An indicator of compartmentation. Magn Reson Med 1990;14:435-44.
    • (1990) Magn Reson Med , vol.14 , pp. 435-444
    • Cory, D.G.1    Garroway, A.N.2
  • 123
    • 0344508186 scopus 로고
    • Detection of restricted diffusion in healthy brain using short diffusion times
    • New York, August 1993. Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
    • Niendorf T, Norris DG, Leibfritz D. Detection of restricted diffusion in healthy brain using short diffusion times. In: Proceedings of the 12th annual meeting, New York, August 1993. Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 1993:292.
    • (1993) Proceedings of the 12th Annual Meeting , pp. 292
    • Niendorf, T.1    Norris, D.G.2    Leibfritz, D.3
  • 124
    • 0027624262 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion of small solutes in cartilage as measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging
    • Burstein D, Gray ML, Hartman AL, Gipe R, Foy BD. Diffusion of small solutes in cartilage as measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging. J Orthop Res 1993;11: 465-78.
    • (1993) J Orthop Res , vol.11 , pp. 465-478
    • Burstein, D.1    Gray, M.L.2    Hartman, A.L.3    Gipe, R.4    Foy, B.D.5
  • 125
  • 126
    • 0029102113 scopus 로고
    • Optimized isotropic diffusion weighting
    • Wong EC, Cox RW, Song AW. Optimized isotropic diffusion weighting. Magn Reson Med 1995;34:139-43.
    • (1995) Magn Reson Med , vol.34 , pp. 139-143
    • Wong, E.C.1    Cox, R.W.2    Song, A.W.3
  • 127
    • 0017576498 scopus 로고
    • Cross-relaxation and spin diffusion in proton NMR of hydrated collagen
    • Edzes HT, Samulski ET. Cross-relaxation and spin diffusion in proton NMR of hydrated collagen. Nature 1977;265:521.
    • (1977) Nature , vol.265 , pp. 521
    • Edzes, H.T.1    Samulski, E.T.2
  • 128
    • 49349118272 scopus 로고
    • The measurement of cross-relaxation effects in the proton NMR spin-lattic relaxation of water in biological systems: Hydrated collagen and muscle
    • Edzes HT, Samulski ET. The measurement of cross-relaxation effects in the proton NMR spin-lattic relaxation of water in biological systems: Hydrated collagen and muscle. J Magn Reson 1978;31: 207-29.
    • (1978) J Magn Reson , vol.31 , pp. 207-229
    • Edzes, H.T.1    Samulski, E.T.2
  • 129
    • 0024573913 scopus 로고
    • Magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) and tissue water proton relaxation in vivo
    • Wolff SD, Balaban RS. Magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) and tissue water proton relaxation in vivo. Magn Reson Med 1989;10: 135-43.
    • (1989) Magn Reson Med , vol.10 , pp. 135-143
    • Wolff, S.D.1    Balaban, R.S.2
  • 130
    • 0025925024 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative H1 magnetization transfer imaging in vivo
    • Eng J, Ceckler TL, Balaban RS. Quantitative H1 magnetization transfer imaging in vivo. Magn Reson Med 1991;17:304-14.
    • (1991) Magn Reson Med , vol.17 , pp. 304-314
    • Eng, J.1    Ceckler, T.L.2    Balaban, R.S.3
  • 131
    • 0026877440 scopus 로고
    • Magnetization transfer contrast in magnetic resonance imaging
    • Balaban RS, Ceckler TL. Magnetization transfer contrast in magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Q 1992;8:116-37.
    • (1992) Magn Reson Q , vol.8 , pp. 116-137
    • Balaban, R.S.1    Ceckler, T.L.2
  • 132
    • 0029084901 scopus 로고
    • Magnetization transfer in cartilage and its constituent macromolecules
    • Gray ML, Burstein D, Lesperance JL, Gehrke L. Magnetization transfer in cartilage and its constituent macromolecules. Magn Reson Med 1995;34:319-25.
    • (1995) Magn Reson Med , vol.34 , pp. 319-325
    • Gray, M.L.1    Burstein, D.2    Lesperance, J.L.3    Gehrke, L.4
  • 135
    • 0344939069 scopus 로고
    • Optimization of pulsed magnetization transfer for enhanced synovial fluid-articular cartilage contrast
    • Chicago, December 1992. Radiological Society of North America, abstract
    • Schneider E. Optimization of pulsed magnetization transfer for enhanced synovial fluid-articular cartilage contrast. In: Proceedings of the 78th annual meeting, Chicago, December 1992. Radiological Society of North America, 1992:abstract 2754.
    • (1992) Proceedings of the 78th Annual Meeting , pp. 2754
    • Schneider, E.1
  • 137
    • 0028059347 scopus 로고
    • Quantification of articular cartilage in the knee with pulsed saturation transfer subtraction and fat-suppressed MR imaging: Optimization and validation
    • Peterfy CG, van Dijke CF, Janzen DL, et al. Quantification of articular cartilage in the knee with pulsed saturation transfer subtraction and fat-suppressed MR imaging: Optimization and validation. Radiology 1994;192:485-91.
    • (1994) Radiology , vol.192 , pp. 485-491
    • Peterfy, C.G.1    Van Dijke, C.F.2    Janzen, D.L.3
  • 139
    • 0345370425 scopus 로고
    • A numerical calculation of the NME lineshape using the finite difference method
    • Kaplan JI, Vasavada KV. A numerical calculation of the NME lineshape using the finite difference method. J Magn Reson 1983; 52:475-9.
    • (1983) J Magn Reson , vol.52 , pp. 475-479
    • Kaplan, J.I.1    Vasavada, K.V.2
  • 140
    • 8244252946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI contrast enhanced study of cartilage proteoglycan degradation in the rabbit knee
    • Bacic G, Liu KJ, Goda F, Hoopes J, Rosen GM, Swartz HM. MRI contrast enhanced study of cartilage proteoglycan degradation in the rabbit knee. Magn Reson Med 1997;37:764-8.
    • (1997) Magn Reson Med , vol.37 , pp. 764-768
    • Bacic, G.1    Liu, K.J.2    Goda, F.3    Hoopes, J.4    Rosen, G.M.5    Swartz, H.M.6
  • 141
    • 0026501782 scopus 로고
    • Determination of fixed charge density in cartilage using nuclear magnetic resonance
    • Lesperance JL, Gray ML, Burstein D. Determination of fixed charge density in cartilage using nuclear magnetic resonance. J Orthop Res 1992;10:1-13.
    • (1992) J Orthop Res , vol.10 , pp. 1-13
    • Lesperance, J.L.1    Gray, M.L.2    Burstein, D.3
  • 142
    • 0002469139 scopus 로고
    • Sodium T1 and T2 in control and degraded cartilage: Implication for determination of tissue proteoglycan content
    • Nice, August 1995. Society of Magnetic Resonance
    • Bashir A, Gray ML, Burstein D. Sodium T1 and T2 in control and degraded cartilage: Implication for determination of tissue proteoglycan content. In: SMR 3rd annual meeting abstracts, Nice, August 1995. Society of Magnetic Resonance, 1995:1896.
    • (1995) SMR 3rd Annual Meeting Abstracts , pp. 1896
    • Bashir, A.1    Gray, M.L.2    Burstein, D.3
  • 143
    • 0025880311 scopus 로고
    • Detection of cartilage degradation with sodium NMR
    • Paul P, O'Byrne E, Gupta R, Jelicks L. Detection of cartilage degradation with sodium NMR. Br J Rheumatol 1991;30:318-22.
    • (1991) Br J Rheumatol , vol.30 , pp. 318-322
    • Paul, P.1    O'Byrne, E.2    Gupta, R.3    Jelicks, L.4
  • 144
    • 0027633175 scopus 로고
    • H-1, na-23, c-13 MR spectroscopy of cartilage degradation in vitro
    • Jelicks L, Paul P, O'Byrne E, Gupta R. H-1, na-23, c-13 MR spectroscopy of cartilage degradation in vitro. J Magn Reson Imaging 1993;3:565-8.
    • (1993) J Magn Reson Imaging , vol.3 , pp. 565-568
    • Jelicks, L.1    Paul, P.2    O'Byrne, E.3    Gupta, R.4
  • 146
  • 147
    • 0030753055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triple quantum sodium imaging of articular cartilage
    • Reddy R, Insko EK, Leigh JS. Triple quantum sodium imaging of articular cartilage. Magn Reson Med 1997;38:279-84.
    • (1997) Magn Reson Med , vol.38 , pp. 279-284
    • Reddy, R.1    Insko, E.K.2    Leigh, J.S.3
  • 148
    • 0025607410 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance knee arthrography
    • Engel A, Hajek PC, Kramer J, et al. Magnetic resonance knee arthrography. Acta Orthop Scand 1990;61(suppl 240):1-57.
    • (1990) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.61 , Issue.SUPPL. 240 , pp. 1-57
    • Engel, A.1    Hajek, P.C.2    Kramer, J.3
  • 149
    • 0026067867 scopus 로고
    • Knee hyaline cartilage evaluated with MR imaging: A cadaveric study involving multiple imaging sequences and intra-articular injection of gadolinium and saline solution
    • Chandnani V, Ho C, Chu P, Trudell D, Resnick D. Knee hyaline cartilage evaluated with MR imaging: A cadaveric study involving multiple imaging sequences and intra-articular injection of gadolinium and saline solution. Radiology 1991;178:557-61.
    • (1991) Radiology , vol.178 , pp. 557-561
    • Chandnani, V.1    Ho, C.2    Chu, P.3    Trudell, D.4    Resnick, D.5
  • 150
    • 0023277384 scopus 로고
    • Articular cartilage defects: Detectability in cadaver knees with MR
    • Gylys-Morin VM, Hajek PC, Sartoris DJ, Resnick D. Articular cartilage defects: Detectability in cadaver knees with MR AJR 1987;148:1153-7.
    • (1987) AJR , vol.148 , pp. 1153-1157
    • Gylys-Morin, V.M.1    Hajek, P.C.2    Sartoris, D.J.3    Resnick, D.4
  • 151
    • 0023224055 scopus 로고
    • Potential contrast agents for MR arthrography: In vivo evaluation and practical observations
    • Hajek PC, Sartoris DJ, Neumann CH, Resnick D. Potential contrast agents for MR arthrography: In vivo evaluation and practical observations. AJR 1987;149:97-104.
    • (1987) AJR , vol.149 , pp. 97-104
    • Hajek, P.C.1    Sartoris, D.J.2    Neumann, C.H.3    Resnick, D.4
  • 154
    • 0016770989 scopus 로고
    • Biophysical chemistry of cartilaginous tissues with special reference to solute and fluid transport
    • Maroudas A. Biophysical chemistry of cartilaginous tissues with special reference to solute and fluid transport. Biorheology 1975; 12:233-48.
    • (1975) Biorheology , vol.12 , pp. 233-248
    • Maroudas, A.1
  • 156
    • 0344508172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring glycosaminoglycan replenishment in cartilage explants with MR
    • Sydney, Australia, 1998. International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
    • Allen RG, Burstein D, Gray ML. Monitoring glycosaminoglycan replenishment in cartilage explants with MR. In: Proceeding ISMRM, Sixth scientific meeting, Sydney, Australia, 1998. International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 1998:1070.
    • (1998) Proceeding ISMRM, Sixth Scientific Meeting , pp. 1070
    • Allen, R.G.1    Burstein, D.2    Gray, M.L.3
  • 158
    • 33748502934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycosaminoglycan in articular cartilage: In vivo assessment with delayed Gd(DTPA)2-enhanced mr imaging
    • Bashir A, Gray ML, Boutin RD, Burstein D. Glycosaminoglycan in articular cartilage: In vivo assessment with delayed Gd(DTPA)2-enhanced mr imaging. Radiology 1997;205:551-8.
    • (1997) Radiology , vol.205 , pp. 551-558
    • Bashir, A.1    Gray, M.L.2    Boutin, R.D.3    Burstein, D.4
  • 159
    • 0026551010 scopus 로고
    • MR microimaging of articular cartilage and contrast enhancement by manganese ions
    • Kusaka Y, Grunder W, Rumpel H, Dannhauer KH, Gersonde K. MR microimaging of articular cartilage and contrast enhancement by manganese ions. Magn Reson Med 1993;24:137-48.
    • (1993) Magn Reson Med , vol.24 , pp. 137-148
    • Kusaka, Y.1    Grunder, W.2    Rumpel, H.3    Dannhauer, K.H.4    Gersonde, K.5
  • 160
    • 0344077026 scopus 로고
    • Mapping water migration in articular cartilage during compression
    • Nice, August 1995. Society of Magnetic Resonance
    • Kaufman J, Reddy R, Kneeland JB, Leigh JS. Mapping water migration in articular cartilage during compression. In: SMR 3rd annual meeting abstracts, Nice, August 1995. Society of Magnetic Resonance, 1995;206.
    • (1995) SMR 3rd Annual Meeting Abstracts , pp. 206
    • Kaufman, J.1    Reddy, R.2    Kneeland, J.B.3    Leigh, J.S.4
  • 162
    • 0018948011 scopus 로고
    • A study of the structural response of wet hyaline cartilage to various loading situations
    • Broom ND, Myers DB. A study of the structural response of wet hyaline cartilage to various loading situations. Connect Tissue Res 1980;7:227-37.
    • (1980) Connect Tissue Res , vol.7 , pp. 227-237
    • Broom, N.D.1    Myers, D.B.2
  • 163
    • 0344508170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depth- and stress-dependence of the confined compression modulus of full-thickness bovine articular cartilage
    • Schinagl RM, Gurskis DW, Chen AC, Sah RL. Depth- and stress-dependence of the confined compression modulus of full-thickness bovine articular cartilage. Trans Orthop Res Soc 1996;21:10.
    • (1996) Trans Orthop Res Soc , vol.21 , pp. 10
    • Schinagl, R.M.1    Gurskis, D.W.2    Chen, A.C.3    Sah, R.L.4
  • 164
    • 0030199387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Video microscopy to quantitate the inhomogeneous equilibrium strain within articular cartilage during confined compression
    • Schinagl RM, Ting MK, Price JH, Sah RL. Video microscopy to quantitate the inhomogeneous equilibrium strain within articular cartilage during confined compression. Ann Biomed Eng 1996;24: 500-12.
    • (1996) Ann Biomed Eng , vol.24 , pp. 500-512
    • Schinagl, R.M.1    Ting, M.K.2    Price, J.H.3    Sah, R.L.4
  • 165
    • 0031194440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depth-dependent confined compression modulus of full-thickness bovine articular cartilage
    • Schinagl RM, Gurskis DW, Chen AC, Sah RL. Depth-dependent confined compression modulus of full-thickness bovine articular cartilage. J Orthop Res 1997;15:499-506.
    • (1997) J Orthop Res , vol.15 , pp. 499-506
    • Schinagl, R.M.1    Gurskis, D.W.2    Chen, A.C.3    Sah, R.L.4
  • 166
  • 167
    • 0031818067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium multiple quantum spectroscopy of articular cartilage: Effect of mechanical compression
    • Duvvuri U, Kaufman J, Patel SD, et al. Sodium multiple quantum spectroscopy of articular cartilage: Effect of mechanical compression. Magn Reson Med 1998;40:370-5.
    • (1998) Magn Reson Med , vol.40 , pp. 370-375
    • Duvvuri, U.1    Kaufman, J.2    Patel, S.D.3
  • 168
    • 0024415632 scopus 로고
    • A system for grading articular cartilage lesions at arthroscopy
    • Noyes FR, Stabler CL. A system for grading articular cartilage lesions at arthroscopy. Am J Sports Med 1989;17:505-13.
    • (1989) Am J Sports Med , vol.17 , pp. 505-513
    • Noyes, F.R.1    Stabler, C.L.2
  • 169
    • 0030766352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitation and localization of cartilage degeneration following the induction of osteoarthritis in the rabbit knee
    • Chang DG, Iversion EP, Schinagl RM, et al. Quantitation and localization of cartilage degeneration following the induction of osteoarthritis in the rabbit knee. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1997;5: 357-72.
    • (1997) Osteoarthritis Cartilage , vol.5 , pp. 357-372
    • Chang, D.G.1    Iversion, E.P.2    Schinagl, R.M.3
  • 170
    • 0018892723 scopus 로고
    • Induction of osteoarthritis in the rabbit knee joint: Histologic changes following meniscectomy and mesical lesions
    • Shapiro F, Glimcher MJ. Induction of osteoarthritis in the rabbit knee joint: Histologic changes following meniscectomy and mesical lesions. Clin Orthop 1979;147:287-95.
    • (1979) Clin Orthop , vol.147 , pp. 287-295
    • Shapiro, F.1    Glimcher, M.J.2
  • 171
    • 0030985404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Image resolution and signal-to-noise ratio requirements for MR imaging of degenerative cartilage
    • Rubenstein JD, Li JG, Majumdar S, Henkelman RM. Image resolution and signal-to-noise ratio requirements for MR imaging of degenerative cartilage. AJR 1997;169:1089-96.
    • (1997) AJR , vol.169 , pp. 1089-1096
    • Rubenstein, J.D.1    Li, J.G.2    Majumdar, S.3    Henkelman, R.M.4
  • 172
    • 0345370422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CIBA-GEIGY Corp., Summit, NJ, 1989
    • Netter F. CIBA-GEIGY Corp., Summit, NJ, 1989.
    • Netter, F.1
  • 173
    • 36849127288 scopus 로고
    • Use of spin echoes in a pulsed magnetic field gradient to study anisotropic, restricted diffusion and flow
    • Stejskal EO. Use of spin echoes in a pulsed magnetic field gradient to study anisotropic, restricted diffusion and flow. J Chem Phys 1965;43:3597-603.
    • (1965) J Chem Phys , vol.43 , pp. 3597-3603
    • Stejskal, E.O.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.