Ammoniated forage poisoning: Acute toxicity of newly identified dialkylimidazoles to inbred mice

Veterinary and Human Toxicology

Volumn 41, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 363-368

  Sivertsen, Tore ^a   Muller, Lill ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVE;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; CONVULSION; DOSE RESPONSE; FEMALE; INTOXICATION; LETHAL DOSE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; TOXICITY TESTING;

ANIMAL FEED; ANIMALS; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; FEMALE; IMIDAZOLES; KIDNEY; LIVER; MICE; MICE, INBRED C57BL; SEIZURES; SURVIVAL RATE; TREMOR;

EID: 0032728227     PISSN: 01456296     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. Morgan SE, Edwards WC: Bovine bonkers: New terminology for an old problem. A review of toxicity problems associated with ammoniated feeds. Vet Hum Toxicol 28: 16-18, 1986.
2. Brazil TJ, Naylor JM, Janzen ED: Ammoniated forage toxicosis in nursing calves: A herd outbreak. Can Vet J 35: 45-57, 1994.
3. Nishie K, Waiss AC, Keyl AC: Toxicity of methylimidazoles. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 14: 301-307, 1969.
4. Friis Kristensen V, Enevoldsen C, Witt N et al: Forgiftning forarsaget av ammoniakkbehandlet grovfoder (Toxicity of ammoniated roughages). 17.beretning, Faellesudvalget for Statens Planteavls- og Husdyrbrugsforsog, Copenhagen 1991.
5. Motoi Y, Yoshioka M, Hirose H et al: Central nervous disorder of calves consuming colostrum containing 4 methyl-imidazole or colostrum from cows fed excess ammoniated hay. JARQ 31: 225-231, 1997.
6. Morgan SE, Edwards WC: Pilot studies in cattle and mice to determine the presence of 4-methylimidazole in milk after oral ingestion. Vet Hum Toxicol 28: 240-242, 1986.
7. Weiss WP, Conrad HP, Martin CM et al: Etiology of ammoniated hay toxicosis. J Anim Sci 63: 525-532, 1986.
8. Nielsen P, Friis C, Kraul I et al: Disposition of 4-methylimidazole in goats and heifers. Res Vet Sc 54: 72-79, 1993.
9. Sivertsen T, Langseth W, Mo E et al: Further arguments against 4-methylimidazole as causal factor in ammoniated forage toxicosis: Experimental seed-hay poisoning in young lambs. Acta Vet Scand 34: 227-230, 1993.
10. Muller L, Langseth W, Solheim E et al: Ammoniated forage poisoning: Isolation and characterization of alkyl-substituted imidazoles in ammoniated forage and in milk. J Agric Food Chem 46: 3172-3177, 1998.
11. Muller L, Sivertsen T, Langseth W: Ammoniated forage poisoning: Concentrations of alkylimidazoles in ammoniated forage and in milk, plasma and urine in sheep and cow. Acta Vet Scand 39: 511-514, 1998.
12. Clark DG, Fielder R, Joseph C et al: The future for acute oral toxicity testing. In Balls M, Bridges J, Southee J eds: Animals and Alternatives in Toxicology. Macmillan Press, Basingstoke, UK: 1-21, 1991.
13. Sivertsen T, Muller L, Solheim E et al: Ammoniated forage poisoning: New alkylimidazoles isolated from ammoniated forage and milk - Concentrations, toxicity to mice and possible significance. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 20, Suppl 1: 290-291, 1997.