Antioxidant administration inhibits exercise-induced thymocyte apoptosis in rats

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Volumn 31, Issue 11, 1999, Pages 1594-1598

  Lin, Yee Shin ^a   Kuo, Hsiang Lan ^a   Kuo, Chih Feng ^a   Wang, Shan Tair ^a   Yang, Bei Chang ^a   Chen, Hsiun Ing ^a  

^a NATIONAL CHENG KUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Antioxidant; Exercise; Glutathione; Thymocyte apoptosis

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE; DNA FRAGMENT; GLUTATHIONE; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CELL DEATH; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; EXERCISE; GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; MALE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; THYMOCYTE;

EID: 0032727826     PISSN: 01959131     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199911000-00015     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. BERK, L. S., D. C. NIEMAN, W. S. YOUNGBERG, et al. The effect of long endurance running on natural killer cells in marathoners. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 22:207-212, 1990.
2. BLALOCK, J. E. A molecular basis for bidirectional communication between the immune and neuroendocrine systems. Physiol. Rev. 69:1-32, 1989.
3. BREHE, J. E., and H. B. BURCH. Enzymatic assay for glutathione. Anal. Biochem. 74:189-197, 1976.
4. BUTTKE, T. M., and P. A. SANDSTROM. Oxidative stress as a mediator of apoptosis. Immunol. Today 15:7-10, 1994.
5. CONCORDET, J-P., and A. FERRY. Physiological programmed cell death in thymocytes is induced by physical stress (exercise). Am. J. Physiol. 265 (Cell Physiol:34):C626-C629, 1993.
6. CONCORDET, J-P., and A. FERRY. Physiological programmed cell death in thymocytes is induced by physical stress (exercise). Am. J. Physiol. 265 (Cell Physiol:34):C626-C629, 1993.
7. ESKOLA, J., O. RUUSKANEN, E. SOPPI, et al. Effect of sport stress on lymphocyte transformation and antibody formation. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 32:339-345, 1978.
8. EVANS, W. J., C. N. MEREDITH, J. G. CANNON, et al. Metabolic changes following eccentric exercise in trained and untrained men. J. Appl. Physiol. 61:1864-1868, 1986.
9. 2+-mediated endogenous endonuclease activation in apoplotic thymocytes. J. Immunol. 155:5133-5139, 1995.
10. FERRY, A., P. RIEU, F. LAZIRI, et al. Immunomodulations of thymocytes and splenocytes in trained rats. J. Appl. Physiol. 71:815-820, 1991.
11. FERRY, A., P. RIEU, F. LAZIRI, A. EL HABAZI, C. LE PAGE, and M. RIEU. Effect of moderate exercise on rat T-cells. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 65:464-468, 1992.
12. FERRY, A., P. RIEU, C. LE PAGE, A. EL HABAZI, F. LAZIRI, and M. RIEU. Effect of physical exhaustion and glucocorticoids (dexamethasone) on T-cells of trained rats. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 66:455-460, 1993.
13. FERRY, A., B. L. WEILL, and M. RIEU. Immunomodulations induced in rats by exercise on a treadmill. J. Appl. Physiol. 69:1912-1915, 1990.
14. FIELD, C. J., R. GOUGEON, and E. B. MARLISS. Circulating mononuclear cell numbers and function during intense exercise and recovery. J. Appl. Physiol. 71:1089-1097, 1991.
15. FLOMERFELT, F. A., M. M. BRIEHL, D. R. DOWD, E. S. DIEKEN, and R. L. MIESFELD. Elevated glutathione S-transferase gene expression is an early event during steroid-induced lymphocyte apoptosis. J. Cell. Physiol. 154:573-581, 1993.
16. GREEN, D., and G. KROEMER. The central executioners of apoptosis: caspases or mitochondria? Trends Cell Biol. 8:267-271, 1998.
17. GRIFFITH, O. W. Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide using glutathione reductase and 2-vinylpyridine. Anal. Biochem. 106:207-212, 1980.
18. HOFFMAN-GOETZ, L., and B. K. PEDERSEN. Exercise and the immune system: a model of the stress response? Immunol. Today 15:382-387, 1994.
19. HOFFMAN-GOETZ, L., R. THORNE, J. A. RANDALL-SIMPSON, and Y. ARUMUGAM. Exercise stress alters murine lymphocyte subset distribution in spleen, lymph nodes and thymus. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 76:307-310, 1989.
20. HOFFMAN-GOETZ, L., J. RANDALL-SIMPSON, N. CIPP, Y. ARUMUGAM, and M. E. HOUSTON. Lymphocyte subset responses to repeated submaximal exercise in men. J. Appl. Physiol. 68:1069-1074, 1990.
21. HUG, H., M. ENARI, and S. NAGATA. No requirement of reactive oxygen intermediates in Fas-mediated apoptosis. FEBS Lett. 351: 311-313, 1994.
22. JACOBSON, M. D., and M. C. RAFF. Programmed cell death and Bcl-2 protection in very low oxygen. Nature 374:814-816, 1995.
23. KROEMER, G., P. PETIT, N. ZAMZAMI, J-L. VAYSSIERE, and B. MIGNOTTE. The biochemistry of programmed cell death. FASEB J. 9:1277-1287, 1995.
24. LEW, H., S. PYKE, and A. QUINTANILHA. Changes in the glutathione status of plasma, liver and muscle following exhaustive exercise in rats. FEBS Lett. 185:262-266, 1985.
25. LEWICKI, R., H. TCHORZEWSKI, A. DENYS, M. KOWALSKA, and A. GOLINSKA. Effect of physical exercise on some parameters of immunity in conditioned sportsmen. Int. J. Sports Med. 8:309-314, 1987.
26. LIN, Y. S., M. S. JAN, and H. I. CHEN. The effect of chronic and acute exercise on immunity in rats. Int. J. Sports Med. 14:86-92, 1993.
27. LIN, Y. S., M. S. JAN, T. J. TSAI, and H. I. CHEN. Immunomodulatory effects of acute exercise bout in sedentary and trained rats. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 27:73-78, 1995.
28. MARCHETTI, P., M. CASTEDO, S. A. SUSIN, et al. Mitochondrial permeability transition is a central coordinating event of apoptosis. J. Exp. Med. 184:1155-1160, 1996.
29. MARS, M., S. GOVENDER, A. WESTON, V. NAICKER, and A. CHUTURGOON. High intensity exercise: a cause of lymphocyte apoptosis? Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 249:366-370, 1998.
30. MONROE, D. H., and D. L. EATON. Effects of modulation of hepatic glutathione on biotransformation and covalent binding of aflatoxin B1 to DNA in the mouse. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 94:118-127, 1988.
31. NEHLSEN-CANNARELLA, S. L., D. C. NIEMAN, et al. The effects of acute moderate exercise on lymphocyte function and serum immunoglobulin levels. Int. J. Sports Med. 12:391-398, 1991.
32. NIEMAN, D. C. Immune response to heavy exertion. J. Appl. Physiol. 82:1385-1394, 1997.
33. OSTERUD, B., J. O. OLSEN, and L. WILSGARD. Effect of strenuous exercise on blood monocytes and their relation to coagulation. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 21:374-378, 1989.
34. PEDERSEN, B. K., H. BRUUNSGAARD, M. KLOKKER, et al. Exercise-induced immunomodulation: possible roles of neuroendocrine and metabolic factors. Int. J. Sports Med. 18(Suppl. 1):S2-S7, 1997.
35. PEDERSEN, B. K., and D. C. NIEMAN. Exercise immunology: integration and regulation. Immunol. Today 19:204-206, 1998.
36. PEDERSEN, B. K., and H. ULLUM. NK cell response to physical activity: possible mechanisms of action. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 26:140-146, 1994.
37. PETIT, P. X., S. A. SUSIN, N. ZAMZAMI, B. MIGNOTTE, and G. KROEMER. Mitochondria and programmed cell death: back to the future. FEBS Lett. 396:7-13, 1996.
38. RAMAKRISHNAN, N., and G. N. CATRAVAS. N-(2-mercaptoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine (WR-1065) protects thymocytes from programmed cell death. J. Immunol. 148:1817-1821, 1992.
39. RICKEN, K-H., T. RIEDER, G. HAUCK, and W. KINDERMANN. Changes in lymphocyte subpopulations after prolonged exercise. Int. J. Sports Med. 11:132-135, 1990.
40. ROTH, S., and W. DROGE. Regulation of interleukin 2 production, interleukin 2 mRNA expression and intracellular glutathione levels in ex vivo derived T lymphocytes by lactate. Eur. J. Immunol. 21:1933-1937, 1991.
41. ROTH, S., H. GMUNDER, and W. DROGE. Regulation of intracellular glutathione levels and lymphocyte functions by lactate. Cell. Immunol. 136:95-104, 1991.
42. SCHULZE-OSTHOFF, K., P. H. KRAMMER, and W. DROGE. Divergent signalling via APO-1/Fas and the TNF receptor, two homologous molecules involved in physiological cell death. EMBO J. 13: 4587-4596, 1994.
43. SUSIN, S. A., N. ZAMZAMI, and G. KROEMER. The cell biology of apoptosis: evidence for the implication of mitochondria. Apoptosis 1:231-242, 1996.
44. TESHIMA, H., H. SOGAWA, H. KIHARA, and T. NAKAGAWA. Influence of stress on the maturity of T-cells. Life Sci. 49:1571-1581, 1991.