Intrinsic and extrinsic competitive interactions between two larval parasitoids of Heliothis virescens

Ecological Entomology

Volumn 24, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 402-410

  De Moraes, Consuelo M ^b   Cortesero, A M ^a   Stapel, J O ^a   Lewis, W J ^a  

^a AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

^b Department of Entomology ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Cardiochiles nigriceps; Competition; Heliothis virescens; Larval parasitoids; Microplitis croceipes; Multiparasitism

Indexed keywords

HOST LOCATION; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; PARASITOID;

BRACONIDAE; CARDIOCHILES NIGRICEPS; HELIOTHIS VIRESCENS; HYMENOPTERA; LEPIDOPTERA; MICROPLITIS CROCEIPES; NOCTUIDAE;

EID: 0032724183     PISSN: 03076946     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2311.1999.00212.x     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. van Alebeek, F.A.N., Rojas-Rousse, D. & Leveque, L. (1993) Interspecific competition between Eupelmus vuilleti and Dinarmus basalis, two solitary ectoparasitoids of Bruchidae larvae and pupae. Entomologia experimentalis et applicata, 69, 21-31.
2. Bartlett, B.R. & Ball, J.C. (1964) The developmental biologies of two encyrtid parasites of Coccus hesperidum and their intrinsic competition. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 57, 496-503.
3. Bolter, C.J. & Laing, J. (1983) Competition between Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Microplitis plutellae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for larvae of the diamond moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario, 114, 1-10.
4. Bottrell, D.G., Young, J.H., Price, R.G. & Adams, R.H. (1968) Parasites reared from Heliothis spp. in Oklahoma in 1965 and 1966. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 61, 1053-1055.
5. Burris, G., Cook, D., Leonard, B.R. Graves, J.B. & Pankey, J. (1995) Evaluation of square damage on cotton. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 21, 422-423.
6. Butler, G.D., Jr (1958) Braconid wasps reared from lepidopterous larvae in Arizona, 1957. Pan-Pacific Entomological, 34, 221-223.
7. Chamberlin, F.S. & Tenhet, J.N. (1926) Cardiochiles nigriceps (Vier.) an important parasite of the tobacco budworm, H. virescens (Fab.). Journal of Agricultural Research, 33, 21-27.
8. Chow, F.J. & Mackauer, M. (1984) Inter-and intraspecific larval competition in Aphidius smith and Praon sequorum (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Canadian Entomologist, 116, 1097-1107.
9. Chow, F.J. & Mackauer, M. (1985) Multiple parasitism of the pea aphid: stage of development of parasite determines survival of Aphidius smith and Praon pequorum (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Canadian Entomologist, 117, 133-134.
10. Chow, F.J. & Mackauer, M. (1986) Host discrimination and larval competition in the aphid parasite, Ephedrus californicus. Entomologia experimentalis et applicata, 41, 243-254.
11. Clausen, C.P. (1940) Entomophagous Insects. McGraw-Hill Co., New York.
12. Cortesero, A.M., De Moraes, C.M., Stapel, J.O. Tumlinson, J.H. & Lewis, W.J. (1997) Comparison and contrasts in host-foraging strategies of two larval parasitoids with different degrees of host specificity. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 23, 1589-1606.
13. Danks, H.V., Rabb, R.L. & Southern, P.S. (1979). Biology of insect parasites of Heliothis in North Carolina. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society, 14, 36-64.
14. De Moraes, C.M., Lewis, W.J., Paré, P.W., Alborn, H.T. & Tumlinson, J.H. (1998) Herbivore-infested plants selectively attract parasitoids. Nature, 393, 570-573.
15. Drost, Y.C., Lewis, W.J., Zanen, P.O. & Keller, M.A. (1986) Beneficial arthropod behavior mediated by airborne semiochemicals. I. Flight behavior and influence of preflight handling of Microplitis croceipes (Cresson), a larval parasitoid of Heliothis. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 14, 1607-1616.
16. Fisher, R.C. (1961) A study in insect multiparasitism. II. The mechanism and control of competition for possession of the host. Journal of Experimental Biology, 38, 605-628.
17. Force, D.C. (1974) Ecology of insect host-parasitoid communities. Science, 184, 624-632.
18. Force, D.C. (1985) Competition among parasitoids of endophytic hosts. American Naturalist, 126, 440-444.
19. Godfray, H.C.J. (1994) Parasitoids: Behavior and Evolutionary Ecology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
20. Hågvar, E.B. (1989) Interspecific competition in parasitoids with implications for biological control. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaka, 86, 321-335.
21. Hawkins, B.A. (1988) Species diversity in the third and fourth trophic levels: patterns and mechanisms. Journal of Animal Ecology, 57, 137-162.
22. Hawkins, B.A. (1993) Parasitoid species richness, host mortality, and biological control. American Naturalist, 141, 634-641.
23. Hopper, K.R. & King, E.G. (1984) Preference of Microplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for instars and species of Heliothis (Lepidoptera: Noctudae). Environmental Entomology, 13, 1654-1660.
24. Jackson, R.D., King, E.G. & Knipling, E.F. (1989) Heliothis: need for international collaborative research on biological control. Proceedings of the Workshop on Biological Control of Heliothis: Increasing the Effectiveness of Natural Enemies, 11-15 November 1985, New Delhi, India (ed. by E. G. King and R. D. Jackson), pp. 15-20. Far Eastern Regional Research Office, United States Department of Agriculture, New Delhi, India.
25. Jervis, M. & Kidd, N. (1996) Insect Natural Enemies: Practical Approaches to their Study and Evaluation. Chapman & Hall, New York.
26. King, E.G. & Jackson, R.D. (1989) Proceedings of the Workshop on Biological Control of Heliothis: Increasing the Effectiveness of Natural Enemies, 11-15 November 1985, New Delhi, India. Far Eastern Regional Research Office, United States Department of Agriculture, New Delhi, India.
27. King, E.G., Powell, J.E. & Coleman, R.J. (1985) A high incidence of parasitism of Heliothis spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in cotton in southeastern Arkansas. Entomophaga, 30, 419-426.
28. Krombein, K.V., Hurd, P.D., Jr, Smith, D.R. & Burks, B.D. (1979) Catalog of the Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.
29. Lewis, W.J. (1970) Life history and anatomy of Microplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasite of Heliothis spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 63, 363-376.
30. Lewis, W.J. & Brazzel, J.R. (1966) Incidence of parasitic insects on the bollworm in Mississippi. Mississippi Agricultural Experimental Station Bulletin, 727. State College, Mississippi.
31. Lewis, W.J. & Brazzel, J.R. (1968) A three-year study of parasites on the bollworm and the tobacco budworm in Mississippi. Journal of Economic Entomology, 61, 673-676.
32. Lewis, W.J. & Burton, R.L. (1970) Rearing Microplitis croceipes in the laboratory with Heliothis zea as host. Journal of Economic Entomology, 63, 656-658.
33. Lewis, W.J. & Snow, J.W. (1971) Fecundity, sex ratios, and egg distribution by Microplitis croceipes, a parasite of Heliothis. Journal of Economic Entomology, 64, 6-8.
34. Lewis, W.J., Vet, L.E.M., Tumlinson, J.H., van Lenteren, J.C. & Papaj, D.R. (1990) Variations in parasitoid foraging behavior: essential element of a sound biological control theory. Environmental Entomology, 19, 1183-1193.
35. Lewis, W.J. & Vinson, S.B. (1968) Egg and larval development of Cardiochiles nigriceps. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 61, 561-565.
36. Lopez, J.D., Jr (1982) Emergence pattern of an overwintering population of Cardiochiles nigriceps in central Texas. Environmental Entomology, 11, 838-842.
37. Mackauer, M. (1990) Host discrimination and larval competition in solitary endoparasitoids. Critical Issues in Biological Control (ed. by M. Mackauer, L. E. Ehler and J. Roland), pp. 14-62. Intercept, Andover, U.K.
38. Manley, D.G., DuRant, J.A., Johnson, A.W. & Roof, M.E. (1991) The tobacco budworm/bollworm complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its parasites on field crops in South Carolina. Journal of Agricultural Entomology, 8, 169-178.
39. Marsh, P.M. (1978) The braconid parasites (Hymenoptera) of Heliothis species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 80, 15-36.
40. McCall, P.J., Turlings, T.C.J., Tumlinson, J.H. & Lewis, W.J. (1993) The role of plant volatiles in host location by specialist parasitoid Microplitis croceipes Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Journal of Insect Behavior, 6, 625-639.
41. Metcalf, R.L. & Metcalf, R.A. (1993) Destructive and Useful Insects: their Habits and Control, 5th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York.
42. Mueller, T.F. & Phillips, J.R. (1983) Population dynamics of Heliothis spp. in spring weed hosts in southeastern Arkansas: survivorship and stage-specific parasitism. Environmental Entomology, 12, 1846-1850.
43. Murdoch, W.W. & Briggs, C.J. (1996) Theory for biological control: recent developments. Ecology, 77, 2001-2013.
44. Neunzig, H.H. (1963) Wild host plants for the corn earworm and the tobacco budworm in eastern North Carolina. Journal of Economic Entomology, 56, 135-139.
45. Pair, S.D., Laster, M.L. & Martin, D.F. (1982) Parasitoids of Heliothis spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in Mississippi associated with sesame interplantings in cotton, 1971-74: implications of host-habitat interaction. Environmental Entomology, 11, 504-512.
46. Perkins, W.D.R., Jones, R.L., Sparks, A.N., Wiseman, B.R., Snow, J. W. & McMillian, W.W. (1973) Artificial diets for mass rearing the corn earworm (Heliothis zea). USDA Production Research Report, 154, 7.
47. Price, P.W., Westoby, M. & Rice, B. (1988) Parasite-mediated competition: some predictions and tests. American Naturalist, 131, 544-555.
48. Pschorn-Walcher, H. (1987) Interspecific competition between the principal larval parasitoids of the pine sawfly, Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.) (Hym.: Diprionidae). Oecologia, 73, 621-625.
49. Puterka, G.J., Slosser, J.E. & Price, J.R. (1985) Parasites of Heliothis spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): parasitism and seasonal occurrence for host crops in the Texas rolling plains. Environmental Entomology, 14, 441-446.
50. Quaintance, A.L. & Brues, C.T. (1905) The cotton bollworm. USDA Entomology Bulletin, 50. Washington DC.
51. Rathman, R.J. & Watson, T.F. (1985) A survey of early season host plants and parasites of Heliothis spp. in Arizona. Journal of Agricultural Entomology, 2, 388-394.
52. Roach, S.H. (1975) Heliothis spp. larvae and associated parasites and diseases on wild host plants in the Pee Dee area of South Carolina. Environmental Entomology, 4, 725-728.
53. Salt, G. (1961) Competition among insect parasitoids. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology, XV, Mechanisms in Biological Competition (ed. by F. L. Milthorpe), pp. 96-119. Academic Press, London.
54. SAS Institute (1988) CMS SAS Release. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina.
55. Schröder, D. (1974) A study of the interactions between the internal parasites of Rhyacionia buoliana (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Entomophaga, 19, 145-171.
56. Smith, J.E., King, E.G. & Bell, J.V. (1976) Parasites and pathogens among Heliothis species in the central Mississippi delta. Environmental Entomology, 5, 224-226.
57. Snow, J.W., Hamm, J.J. & Brazzel, J.R. (1967) Geranium carolinianum as an early host for Heliothis zea and H. virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the southeastern United States, with notes on associated parasites. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 59, 506-509.
58. Stadelbacher, E.A., Powell, J.E. & King, E.G. (1984) Parasitism of Heliothis zea and Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in wild and cultivated host plants in the Delta of the Mississippi. Environmental Entomology, 13, 439-451.
59. Stary, P. (1970) Biology of aphid parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) with respect to integrated control. Series Entomologica, 6, 1-643.
60. Strand, M.R. (1986) The physiological interactions of parasitoids with their hosts and their influence on reproductive strategies. Insect Parasitoids (ed. by J. Waage and D. Greathead), pp. 97-136. Academic Press, London.
61. van Strien-van Liempt, W.T.F.H. (1983) The competition between Asobara tabida Nees Von Esenbeck, 1834 and Leptopilina heterotoma (Thonson, 1862) in multiparasitized hosts. Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 33, 125-163.
62. Tillman, P.G. & Powell, J.E. (1992) Interpecific host discrimination and larval competition in Microplitis croceipes, Microplitis demolitor, Cotesia kazak (Hym. Braconidae) and Hyposoter didymator (Hym. Ichneumonidae), parasitoids of Heliothis virescens (Lep. Noctuidae). Entomophaga, 37, 429-437.
63. Tillman, P.G. & Powell, J.E. (1995) Susceptibility of Microplitis croceipes and Cardiochiles nigriceps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to field rates of selected cotton insecticides. Journal of Entomological Science, 30, 390-396.
64. Tillman, P.G. & Powell, J.E. (1996) Functional response of Microplitis croceipes and Cardiochiles nigriceps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to variation in density of tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environmental Entomology, 25, 524-528.
65. Tumlinson, J.H., Lewis, W.J. & Vet, L.E.M. (1993) How parasitic wasps find their hosts. Scientific American, 3, 100-106.
66. Vet, L.E.M., Lewis, W.J. & Cardé, R.T. (1995) Parasitoid foraging and learning. Chemical Ecology of Insects 2 (ed. by R. T. Cardé and W. J. Bell), pp. 65-104. Chapman & Hall, New York.
67. Vinson, S.B. (1972) Competition and host discrimination between two species of tobacco budworm parasitoids. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 65, 229-236.
68. Vinson, S.B. & Iwantsch, G.F. (1980) Host suitability for insect parasitoids. Annual Review of Entomology, 25, 397-419.
69. Young, J.H. & Price, R.G. (1975) Incidence, parasitism, and distribution patterns of Heliothis zea on sorghum, cotton, and alfalfa from southwestern Oklahoma. Environmental Entomology, 4, 777-779.
70. Zwölfer, H. (1971) The structure and effect of parasite complexes attacking phytophagous host insects. Dynamics of Populations. Proceedings of the Advanced Study Institute on Dynamics of Numbers in Populations (ed. by P. J. den Boer and G. R. Gradwell), pp. 405-418. Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
71. Zwölfer, H. (1979) Strategies and counterstrategies in insect population systems: competition for space and food in flower heads and plant galls. Fortschritte der Zoologie, 25, 331-353.