메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 731-751

Position statement and practice guidelines on the use of multi-dose activated charcoal in the treatment of acute poisoning

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ACTIVATED CARBON; AMITRIPTYLINE; ASTEMIZOLE; CARBAMAZEPINE; CARBON; CHLORPROPAMIDE; DAPSONE; DEXTROPROPOXYPHENE; DIGITOXIN; DIGOXIN; DISOPYRAMIDE; DOXEPIN; IMIPRAMINE; LAXATIVE; MEPROBAMATE; METHOTREXATE; NADOLOL; NORTRIPTYLINE; PARACETAMOL; PHENOBARBITAL; PHENYLBUTAZONE; PHENYTOIN; PIROXICAM; QUININE; SOTALOL; THEOPHYLLINE; TOBRAMYCIN; UNINDEXED DRUG; VALPROIC ACID; VANCOMYCIN;

EID: 0032716099     PISSN: 07313810     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1081/CLT-100102451     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (322)

References (124)
  • 1
    • 0028920198 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of drug pharmacokinetics and effectiveness of multiple-dose activated charcoal therapy
    • Chyka PA, Holley JE, Mandrell TD, Sugathan P. Correlation of drug pharmacokinetics and effectiveness of multiple-dose activated charcoal therapy. Ann Emerg Med 1995;25:356-362.
    • (1995) Ann Emerg Med , vol.25 , pp. 356-362
    • Chyka, P.A.1    Holley, J.E.2    Mandrell, T.D.3    Sugathan, P.4
  • 2
    • 0022982386 scopus 로고
    • Accelerated clearance of intravenously administered theophylline and phenobarbital by oral doses of activated charcoal in rats. A possibility of the intestinal dialysis
    • Arimori K, Nakano M. Accelerated clearance of intravenously administered theophylline and phenobarbital by oral doses of activated charcoal in rats. A possibility of the intestinal dialysis. J Pharmacobiodyn 1986;9:437-441.
    • (1986) J Pharmacobiodyn , vol.9 , pp. 437-441
    • Arimori, K.1    Nakano, M.2
  • 3
    • 0023202896 scopus 로고
    • The intestinal dialysis of intravenously administered phenytoin by oral activated charcoal in rats
    • Arimori K, Nakano M. The intestinal dialysis of intravenously administered phenytoin by oral activated charcoal in rats. J Pharmacobiodyn 1987;10:157-165.
    • (1987) J Pharmacobiodyn , vol.10 , pp. 157-165
    • Arimori, K.1    Nakano, M.2
  • 4
    • 0028787003 scopus 로고
    • Effect of multiple-dose activated charcoal on the clearance of high-dose intravenous aspirin in a porcine model
    • Johnson D, Eppler J, Giesbrecht E, et al. Effect of multiple-dose activated charcoal on the clearance of high-dose intravenous aspirin in a porcine model. Ann Emerg Med 1995;26:569-574.
    • (1995) Ann Emerg Med , vol.26 , pp. 569-574
    • Johnson, D.1    Eppler, J.2    Giesbrecht, E.3
  • 5
    • 0018903450 scopus 로고
    • Effect of activated charcoal on absorption and elimination of phenobarbitone, carbamazepine and phenyl-butazone in man
    • Neuvonen PJ, Elonen E. Effect of activated charcoal on absorption and elimination of phenobarbitone, carbamazepine and phenyl-butazone in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1980;17:51-57.
    • (1980) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.17 , pp. 51-57
    • Neuvonen, P.J.1    Elonen, E.2
  • 7
    • 0021888896 scopus 로고
    • Effect of oral charcoal and urine pH on dextropropoxyphene pharmacokinetics
    • Kärkkäinen S, Neuvonen PJ. Effect of oral charcoal and urine pH on dextropropoxyphene pharmacokinetics. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1985;23:219-225.
    • (1985) Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.23 , pp. 219-225
    • Kärkkäinen, S.1    Neuvonen, P.J.2
  • 8
    • 0022336888 scopus 로고
    • The effects of activated charcoal on digoxin and digitoxin clearance
    • Park GD, Goldberg MJ, Spector R, et al. The effects of activated charcoal on digoxin and digitoxin clearance. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1985;19:937-941.
    • (1985) Drug Intell Clin Pharm , vol.19 , pp. 937-941
    • Park, G.D.1    Goldberg, M.J.2    Spector, R.3
  • 9
    • 0020439588 scopus 로고
    • Effect of administration of activated charcoal and fibre on absorption, excretion and steady state blood levels of digoxin and digitoxin. Evidence for intestinal secretion of the glycosides
    • Reissell P, Manninen V. Effect of administration of activated charcoal and fibre on absorption, excretion and steady state blood levels of digoxin and digitoxin. Evidence for intestinal secretion of the glycosides. Acta Med Scand 1982;668(Suppl):88-90.
    • (1982) Acta Med Scand , vol.668 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 88-90
    • Reissell, P.1    Manninen, V.2
  • 12
    • 0020624781 scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of nadolol elimination by activated charcoal and antibiotics
    • Du Souich P, Caillé G, Larochelle P. Enhancement of nadolol elimination by activated charcoal and antibiotics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1983;33:585-590.
    • (1983) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.33 , pp. 585-590
    • Du Souich, P.1    Caillé, G.2    Larochelle, P.3
  • 15
    • 0030001982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple-dose activated charcoal compared to urinary alkalinization for the enhancement of phenobarbital elimination
    • Frenia ML, Schauben JL, Wears RL, Karlix JL, Tucker CA, Kunisaki TA. Multiple-dose activated charcoal compared to urinary alkalinization for the enhancement of phenobarbital elimination. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1996;34:169-175.
    • (1996) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.34 , pp. 169-175
    • Frenia, M.L.1    Schauben, J.L.2    Wears, R.L.3    Karlix, J.L.4    Tucker, C.A.5    Kunisaki, T.A.6
  • 16
    • 0023266720 scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of phenytoin elimination by multiple-dose activated charcoal
    • Mauro LS, Mauro VF, Brown DL, Somani P. Enhancement of phenytoin elimination by multiple-dose activated charcoal. Ann Emerg Med 1987;16:1132-1135.
    • (1987) Ann Emerg Med , vol.16 , pp. 1132-1135
    • Mauro, L.S.1    Mauro, V.F.2    Brown, D.L.3    Somani, P.4
  • 17
    • 0025080691 scopus 로고
    • The effect of activated charcoal on phenytoin pharmacokinetics
    • Rowden AM, Spoor JE, Bertino JS. The effect of activated charcoal on phenytoin pharmacokinetics. Ann Emerg Med 1990;19:1144-1147.
    • (1990) Ann Emerg Med , vol.19 , pp. 1144-1147
    • Rowden, A.M.1    Spoor, J.E.2    Bertino, J.S.3
  • 18
    • 0022657171 scopus 로고
    • The effect of activated charcoal on the bioavailability of piroxicam in man
    • Laufen H, Leitold M. The effect of activated charcoal on the bioavailability of piroxicam in man. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1986;24:48-52.
    • (1986) Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.24 , pp. 48-52
    • Laufen, H.1    Leitold, M.2
  • 19
    • 0024588886 scopus 로고
    • Effect of oral activated charcoal on quinine elimination
    • Lockey D, Bateman DN. Effect of oral activated charcoal on quinine elimination. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 27:92-94.
    • (1989) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.27 , pp. 92-94
    • Lockey, D.1    Bateman, D.N.2
  • 20
    • 0021233164 scopus 로고
    • Effect of oral charcoal and urine pH on sotalol pharmacokinetics
    • Kärkkäinen S, Neuvonen PJ. Effect of oral charcoal and urine pH on sotalol pharmacokinetics. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1984;22:441-446.
    • (1984) Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.22 , pp. 441-446
    • Kärkkäinen, S.1    Neuvonen, P.J.2
  • 22
    • 0026666983 scopus 로고
    • The comparative efficacy of various multiple-dose activated charcoal regimens
    • Ilkhanipour K, Yealy DM, Krenzelok EP. The comparative efficacy of various multiple-dose activated charcoal regimens. Am J Emerg Med 1992;10:298-300.
    • (1992) Am J Emerg Med , vol.10 , pp. 298-300
    • Ilkhanipour, K.1    Yealy, D.M.2    Krenzelok, E.P.3
  • 27
    • 0023857741 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the effects of multiple-dose activated charcoal on the absorption of orally administered salicylate in a simulated toxic ingestion model
    • Barone JA, Raia JJ, Huang YC. Evaluation of the effects of multiple-dose activated charcoal on the absorption of orally administered salicylate in a simulated toxic ingestion model. Ann Emerg Med 1988;17:34-37.
    • (1988) Ann Emerg Med , vol.17 , pp. 34-37
    • Barone, J.A.1    Raia, J.J.2    Huang, Y.C.3
  • 29
    • 0024583773 scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the effect of repeated doses of oral activated charcoal on salicylate elimination
    • Ho JL, Tierney MG, Dickinson GE. An evaluation of the effect of repeated doses of oral activated charcoal on salicylate elimination. J Clin Pharmacol 1989;29:366-369.
    • (1989) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.29 , pp. 366-369
    • Ho, J.L.1    Tierney, M.G.2    Dickinson, G.E.3
  • 30
    • 0026510893 scopus 로고
    • Multiple-dose charcoal and whole-bowel irrigation do not increase clearance of absorbed salicylate
    • Mayer AL, Sitar DS, Tenebein M. Multiple-dose charcoal and whole-bowel irrigation do not increase clearance of absorbed salicylate. Arch Intern Med 1992;152: 393-396.
    • (1992) Arch Intern Med , vol.152 , pp. 393-396
    • Mayer, A.L.1    Sitar, D.S.2    Tenebein, M.3
  • 31
    • 0028263592 scopus 로고
    • The effect of activated charcoal on the absorption and elimination of astemizole
    • Laine K, Kivistö KT, Neuvonen PJ. The effect of activated charcoal on the absorption and elimination of astemizole. Hum Exp Toxicol 1994;13:502-505.
    • (1994) Hum Exp Toxicol , vol.13 , pp. 502-505
    • Laine, K.1    Kivistö, K.T.2    Neuvonen, P.J.3
  • 32
    • 0020535187 scopus 로고
    • Effects of charcoal, sodium bicarbonate, and ammonium chloride on chlorpropamide kinetics
    • Neuvonen PJ, Kärkkäinen S. Effects of charcoal, sodium bicarbonate, and ammonium chloride on chlorpropamide kinetics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1983;33: 386-393.
    • (1983) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.33 , pp. 386-393
    • Neuvonen, P.J.1    Kärkkäinen, S.2
  • 33
    • 0031026318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of repeated-dose activated charcoal on the pharmacokinetics of sodium valproate in healthy volunteers
    • Al-Shareef A, Buss DC, Shetty HGM, Ali N, Routledge PA. The effect of repeated-dose activated charcoal on the pharmacokinetics of sodium valproate in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1997;43: 109-111.
    • (1997) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.43 , pp. 109-111
    • Al-Shareef, A.1    Buss, D.C.2    Shetty, H.G.M.3    Ali, N.4    Routledge, P.A.5
  • 35
    • 0023193597 scopus 로고
    • Repeated oral doses of activated charcoal and the clearance of tobramycin, a non-absorbable drug
    • Watson WA, Jenkins TC, Velasquez N, Schentag JJ. Repeated oral doses of activated charcoal and the clearance of tobramycin, a non-absorbable drug. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1987;25:171-184.
    • (1987) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.25 , pp. 171-184
    • Watson, W.A.1    Jenkins, T.C.2    Velasquez, N.3    Schentag, J.J.4
  • 37
    • 0022538681 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of amitriptyline influenced by oral charcoal and urine pH
    • Kärkkäinen S, Neuvonen PJ. Pharmacokinetics of amitriptyline influenced by oral charcoal and urine pH. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1986;24:326-332.
    • (1986) Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.24 , pp. 326-332
    • Kärkkäinen, S.1    Neuvonen, P.J.2
  • 38
    • 0021970922 scopus 로고
    • Effect of single and repeated doses of activated charcoal on the pharmacokinetics of doxepin
    • Scheinin M, Virtanen R, Iisalo E. Effect of single and repeated doses of activated charcoal on the pharmacokinetics of doxepin. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1985;23: 38-42.
    • (1985) Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.23 , pp. 38-42
    • Scheinin, M.1    Virtanen, R.2    Iisalo, E.3
  • 42
    • 0029796751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbamazepine poisoning in adolescent suicide attempters. Effectiveness of multiple-dose activated charcoal in enhancing carbamazepine elimination
    • Montoya-Cabrera MA, Sauceda-Garcia JM, Escalante-Galindo P, Flores-Alvarez E, Ruiz-Gomez A. Carbamazepine poisoning in adolescent suicide attempters. Effectiveness of multiple-dose activated charcoal in enhancing carbamazepine elimination. Arch Med Res 1996;27:485-489.
    • (1996) Arch Med Res , vol.27 , pp. 485-489
    • Montoya-Cabrera, M.A.1    Sauceda-Garcia, J.M.2    Escalante-Galindo, P.3    Flores-Alvarez, E.4    Ruiz-Gomez, A.5
  • 43
    • 0021031442 scopus 로고
    • Acute dapsone intoxication: Clinical findings and effect of oral charcoal and haemodialysis on dapsone elimination
    • Neuvonen PJ, Elonen E, Haapanen EJ. Acute dapsone intoxication: Clinical findings and effect of oral charcoal and haemodialysis on dapsone elimination. Acta Med Scand 1983;214:215-220.
    • (1983) Acta Med Scand , vol.214 , pp. 215-220
    • Neuvonen, P.J.1    Elonen, E.2    Haapanen, E.J.3
  • 44
    • 0020046446 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of phenobarbital overdose with activated charcoal
    • Goldberg MJ, Berlinger WG. Treatment of phenobarbital overdose with activated charcoal. JAMA 1982;247: 2400-2401.
    • (1982) JAMA , vol.247 , pp. 2400-2401
    • Goldberg, M.J.1    Berlinger, W.G.2
  • 45
    • 0021235588 scopus 로고
    • Randomized study of the treatment of phenobarbital overdose with repeated doses of activated charcoal
    • Pond SM, Olson KR, Osterloh JD, Tong TG. Randomized study of the treatment of phenobarbital overdose with repeated doses of activated charcoal. JAMA 1984; 251:3104-3108.
    • (1984) JAMA , vol.251 , pp. 3104-3108
    • Pond, S.M.1    Olson, K.R.2    Osterloh, J.D.3    Tong, T.G.4
  • 46
    • 0023037722 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of phenobarbitone poisoning with repeated oral administration of activated charcoal
    • Boldy DAR, Vale JA, Prescott LF. Treatment of phenobarbitone poisoning with repeated oral administration of activated charcoal. Q J Med 1986;61:997-1002.
    • (1986) Q J Med , vol.61 , pp. 997-1002
    • Boldy, D.A.R.1    Vale, J.A.2    Prescott, L.F.3
  • 47
    • 0025978801 scopus 로고
    • Use of activated charcoal to reduce elevated serum phenobarbital concentration in a neonate
    • Veerman M, Espejo MG, Christopher MA, Knight M. Use of activated charcoal to reduce elevated serum phenobarbital concentration in a neonate. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1991;29:53-58.
    • (1991) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.29 , pp. 53-58
    • Veerman, M.1    Espejo, M.G.2    Christopher, M.A.3    Knight, M.4
  • 49
    • 0022486732 scopus 로고
    • Repetitive oral activated charcoal and control of emesis in severe theophylline toxicity
    • Amitai Y, Yeung AC, Moye J, Lovejoy FH. Repetitive oral activated charcoal and control of emesis in severe theophylline toxicity. Ann Intern Med 1986;105:386-387.
    • (1986) Ann Intern Med , vol.105 , pp. 386-387
    • Amitai, Y.1    Yeung, A.C.2    Moye, J.3    Lovejoy, F.H.4
  • 50
    • 0021970425 scopus 로고
    • Reversal of theophylline toxicity using oral activated charcoal
    • Davis R, Ellsworth A, Justus RE, Bauer LA. Reversal of theophylline toxicity using oral activated charcoal. J Fam Pract 1985;20:73-74.
    • (1985) J Fam Pract , vol.20 , pp. 73-74
    • Davis, R.1    Ellsworth, A.2    Justus, R.E.3    Bauer, L.A.4
  • 51
    • 0021256293 scopus 로고
    • Oral activated charcoal to enhance theophylline elimination in an acute overdose
    • Gal P, Miller A, McCue JD. Oral activated charcoal to enhance theophylline elimination in an acute overdose. JAMA 1984;251:3130-3131.
    • (1984) JAMA , vol.251 , pp. 3130-3131
    • Gal, P.1    Miller, A.2    McCue, J.D.3
  • 52
    • 0022551805 scopus 로고
    • Continuous nasogastric administration of activated charcoal for the treatment of theophylline intoxication
    • Ohning BL, Reed MD, Blumer JL. Continuous nasogastric administration of activated charcoal for the treatment of theophylline intoxication. Pediatr Pharmacol 1986;5:241-245.
    • (1986) Pediatr Pharmacol , vol.5 , pp. 241-245
    • Ohning, B.L.1    Reed, M.D.2    Blumer, J.L.3
  • 53
    • 0021905701 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of theophylline toxicity with oral activated charcoal
    • Sessler CN, Glauser FL, Cooper KR. Treatment of theophylline toxicity with oral activated charcoal. Chest 1985;87:325-329.
    • (1985) Chest , vol.87 , pp. 325-329
    • Sessler, C.N.1    Glauser, F.L.2    Cooper, K.R.3
  • 54
    • 0023639058 scopus 로고
    • Multiple dose activated charcoal for theophylline poisoning in young infants
    • Shannon M, Amitai Y, Lovejoy FH Jr. Multiple dose activated charcoal for theophylline poisoning in young infants. Pediatrics 1987;80:368-370.
    • (1987) Pediatrics , vol.80 , pp. 368-370
    • Shannon, M.1    Amitai, Y.2    Lovejoy F.H., Jr.3
  • 55
    • 0021344965 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of theophylline toxicity with oral activated charcoal
    • True RJ, Berman JM, Mahutte CK. Treatment of theophylline toxicity with oral activated charcoal. Crit Care Med 1984;12:113-114.
    • (1984) Crit Care Med , vol.12 , pp. 113-114
    • True, R.J.1    Berman, J.M.2    Mahutte, C.K.3
  • 56
    • 84967993057 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of salicylate poisoning with repeated oral charcoal
    • Hillman RJ, Prescott LF. Treatment of salicylate poisoning with repeated oral charcoal. Br Med J 1985;291: 1472.
    • (1985) Br Med J , vol.291 , pp. 1472
    • Hillman, R.J.1    Prescott, L.F.2
  • 57
    • 13344295668 scopus 로고
    • Methods to increase poison elimination
    • Catto GRD, ed., Lancaster: Kluwer Academic Publishers
    • Vale JA. Methods to increase poison elimination. In: New Clinical Applications: Nephrology. Drugs and the Kidney. Catto GRD, ed., Lancaster: Kluwer Academic Publishers 1990;65-111.
    • (1990) New Clinical Applications: Nephrology. Drugs and the Kidney , pp. 65-111
    • Vale, J.A.1
  • 58
    • 0022411905 scopus 로고
    • Multiple doses of charcoal in digoxin poisoning
    • Boldy DAR, Smart V, Vale JA. Multiple doses of charcoal in digoxin poisoning. Lancet 1985;2:1076-1077.
    • (1985) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1076-1077
    • Boldy, D.A.R.1    Smart, V.2    Vale, J.A.3
  • 59
    • 0021266501 scopus 로고
    • Digoxin toxicity: Enhanced systemic elimination during oral activated charcoal therapy
    • Lake KD, Brown DC, Peterson CD. Digoxin toxicity: Enhanced systemic elimination during oral activated charcoal therapy. Pharmacotherapy 1984;4:161-163.
    • (1984) Pharmacotherapy , vol.4 , pp. 161-163
    • Lake, K.D.1    Brown, D.C.2    Peterson, C.D.3
  • 60
    • 0031442194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digoxin toxicity in chronic renal failure: Treatment by multiple dose activated charcoal intestinal dialysis
    • Critchley JAJH, Critchley LAH. Digoxin toxicity in chronic renal failure: Treatment by multiple dose activated charcoal intestinal dialysis. Hum Exp Toxicol 1997;16:733-735.
    • (1997) Hum Exp Toxicol , vol.16 , pp. 733-735
    • Critchley, J.A.J.H.1    Critchley, L.A.H.2
  • 61
    • 0028836537 scopus 로고
    • Activated charcoal increases digoxin elimination in patients
    • Ibanez C, Carcas AJ, Frias J, Abad F. Activated charcoal increases digoxin elimination in patients. Int J Cardiol 1995;48:27-30.
    • (1995) Int J Cardiol , vol.48 , pp. 27-30
    • Ibanez, C.1    Carcas, A.J.2    Frias, J.3    Abad, F.4
  • 63
    • 0026766477 scopus 로고
    • Exchange transfusion and multidose activated charcoal following vancomycin overdose
    • Burkhart KK, Metcalf S, Shurnas E, et al. Exchange transfusion and multidose activated charcoal following vancomycin overdose. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1992;30: 285-294.
    • (1992) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.30 , pp. 285-294
    • Burkhart, K.K.1    Metcalf, S.2    Shurnas, E.3
  • 65
    • 0022632058 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of meprobamate overdose with repeated oral doses of activated charcoal
    • Hassan E. Treatment of meprobamate overdose with repeated oral doses of activated charcoal. Ann Emerg Med 1986:15:73-76.
    • (1986) Ann Emerg Med , vol.15 , pp. 73-76
    • Hassan, E.1
  • 66
    • 0344127585 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced elimination of meprobamate by multiple doses of activated charcoal
    • Linden CH, Rumack BH. Enhanced elimination of meprobamate by multiple doses of activated charcoal. Vet Hum Toxicol 1984;26(Suppl 2):47.
    • (1984) Vet Hum Toxicol , vol.26 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 47
    • Linden, C.H.1    Rumack, B.H.2
  • 67
    • 0019964469 scopus 로고
    • Effect of activated charcoal on the pharmacokinetics of high-dose methotrexate
    • Gadgil SD, Damle SR, Advani SH, Vaidya AB. Effect of activated charcoal on the pharmacokinetics of high-dose methotrexate. Cancer Treat Rep 1982;66:1169-1171.
    • (1982) Cancer Treat Rep , vol.66 , pp. 1169-1171
    • Gadgil, S.D.1    Damle, S.R.2    Advani, S.H.3    Vaidya, A.B.4
  • 69
    • 0028345223 scopus 로고
    • Use of multiple-dose activated charcoal in phenytoin toxicity
    • Howard CE, Roberts RS, Ely DS, Moye RA. Use of multiple-dose activated charcoal in phenytoin toxicity. Ann Pharmacother 1994;28:201-203.
    • (1994) Ann Pharmacother , vol.28 , pp. 201-203
    • Howard, C.E.1    Roberts, R.S.2    Ely, D.S.3    Moye, R.A.4
  • 70
    • 0024465642 scopus 로고
    • Multiple-dose activated charcoal in management of phenytoin overdose
    • Ros SP, Black LE. Multiple-dose activated charcoal in management of phenytoin overdose. Pediatr Emerg Care 1989;5:169-170.
    • (1989) Pediatr Emerg Care , vol.5 , pp. 169-170
    • Ros, S.P.1    Black, L.E.2
  • 71
    • 0023579815 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of phenytoin toxicity with repeated doses of activated charcoal
    • Weichbrodt GD, Elliott DP. Treatment of phenytoin toxicity with repeated doses of activated charcoal. Ann Emerg Med 1987;16:1387-1389.
    • (1987) Ann Emerg Med , vol.16 , pp. 1387-1389
    • Weichbrodt, G.D.1    Elliott, D.P.2
  • 72
    • 0025923617 scopus 로고
    • Multiple-dose activated charcoal as adjunct therapy after chronic phenytoin intoxication
    • Weidle PJ, Skiest DJ, Forrest A. Multiple-dose activated charcoal as adjunct therapy after chronic phenytoin intoxication. Clin Pharm 1991;10:711-714.
    • (1991) Clin Pharm , vol.10 , pp. 711-714
    • Weidle, P.J.1    Skiest, D.J.2    Forrest, A.3
  • 73
    • 0021720670 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of tricyclic antidepressant overdose with repeated charcoal
    • Swartz CM, Sherman A. The treatment of tricyclic antidepressant overdose with repeated charcoal. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1984;4:336-340.
    • (1984) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.4 , pp. 336-340
    • Swartz, C.M.1    Sherman, A.2
  • 74
    • 0025792019 scopus 로고
    • Disposition of dothiepin after overdose: Effects of repeated-dose activated charcoal
    • Ilett KF, Hackett LP, Dusci LJ, Paterson JW. Disposition of dothiepin after overdose: Effects of repeated-dose activated charcoal. Ther Drug Monit 1991;13:485-489.
    • (1991) Ther Drug Monit , vol.13 , pp. 485-489
    • Ilett, K.F.1    Hackett, L.P.2    Dusci, L.J.3    Paterson, J.W.4
  • 75
    • 0027475092 scopus 로고
    • Acute valproic acid intoxication: Enhanced drug clearance with oral-activated charcoal
    • Farrar HC, Herold DA, Reed MD. Acute valproic acid intoxication: Enhanced drug clearance with oral-activated charcoal. Crit Care Med 1993;21:299-301.
    • (1993) Crit Care Med , vol.21 , pp. 299-301
    • Farrar, H.C.1    Herold, D.A.2    Reed, M.D.3
  • 76
    • 0026681296 scopus 로고
    • Physicochemical characteristics of drugs and response to repeat-dose activated charcoal
    • Campbell JW, Chyka PA. Physicochemical characteristics of drugs and response to repeat-dose activated charcoal. Am J Emerg Med 1992;10:208-210.
    • (1992) Am J Emerg Med , vol.10 , pp. 208-210
    • Campbell, J.W.1    Chyka, P.A.2
  • 77
    • 0023184928 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the mechanisms of action of activated charcoal on theophylline pharmacokinetics
    • McKinnon RS, Desmond PV, Harman PJ, et al. Studies on the mechanisms of action of activated charcoal on theophylline pharmacokinetics. J Pharm Pharmacol 1987;39:522-525.
    • (1987) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.39 , pp. 522-525
    • McKinnon, R.S.1    Desmond, P.V.2    Harman, P.J.3
  • 78
    • 0020328223 scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal clearance of drugs with activated charcoal
    • Levy G. Gastrointestinal clearance of drugs with activated charcoal. New Engl J Med 1982;307:676-678.
    • (1982) New Engl J Med , vol.307 , pp. 676-678
    • Levy, G.1
  • 80
    • 0023240235 scopus 로고
    • Intravenous theophylline poisoning and multiple-dose charcoal in an animal model
    • Kulig KW, Bar-Or D, Rumack BH. Intravenous theophylline poisoning and multiple-dose charcoal in an animal model. Ann Emerg Med 1987;16:842-846.
    • (1987) Ann Emerg Med , vol.16 , pp. 842-846
    • Kulig, K.W.1    Bar-Or, D.2    Rumack, B.H.3
  • 81
    • 0023001189 scopus 로고
    • Absorption inhibition and enhancement of elimination of sustained-release theophylline tablets by oral activated charcoal
    • Lim DT, Singh P, Nourtsis S, Cruz RD. Absorption inhibition and enhancement of elimination of sustained-release theophylline tablets by oral activated charcoal. Ann Emerg Med 1986;15:1303-1307.
    • (1986) Ann Emerg Med , vol.15 , pp. 1303-1307
    • Lim, D.T.1    Singh, P.2    Nourtsis, S.3    Cruz, R.D.4
  • 82
    • 0028833422 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of drug absorption in simulated theophylline overdose
    • Minton NA, Henry JA. Prevention of drug absorption in simulated theophylline overdose. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1995;33:43-49.
    • (1995) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.33 , pp. 43-49
    • Minton, N.A.1    Henry, J.A.2
  • 83
    • 0023154447 scopus 로고
    • The effect of sorbitol and activated charcoal on serum theophylline concentrations after slow-release theophylline
    • Goldberg MJ, Spector R, Park GD, Johnson GF, Roberts P. The effect of sorbitol and activated charcoal on serum theophylline concentrations after slow-release theophylline. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1987;41:108-111.
    • (1987) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.41 , pp. 108-111
    • Goldberg, M.J.1    Spector, R.2    Park, G.D.3    Johnson, G.F.4    Roberts, P.5
  • 84
    • 84973745242 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic aspects of carbamazepine and its two major metabolites in plasma during overdosage
    • Hundt HKL, Aucamp AK, Müller FO. Pharmacokinetic aspects of carbamazepine and its two major metabolites in plasma during overdosage. Hum Toxicol 1983;2:607-614.
    • (1983) Hum Toxicol , vol.2 , pp. 607-614
    • Hundt, H.K.L.1    Aucamp, A.K.2    Müller, F.O.3
  • 89
    • 0021183413 scopus 로고
    • Charcoal hemoperfusion for treatment of serious carbamazepine poisoning
    • Nilsson C, Sterner G, Idvall J. Charcoal hemoperfusion for treatment of serious carbamazepine poisoning. Acta Med Scand 1984;216:137-140.
    • (1984) Acta Med Scand , vol.216 , pp. 137-140
    • Nilsson, C.1    Sterner, G.2    Idvall, J.3
  • 90
    • 0021703749 scopus 로고
    • Charcoal hemoperfusion in the treatment of two cases of acute carbamazepine poisoning
    • De Groot G, van Heijst ANP, Maes RAA. Charcoal hemoperfusion in the treatment of two cases of acute carbamazepine poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1984;22: 349-362.
    • (1984) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.22 , pp. 349-362
    • De Groot, G.1    Van Heijst, A.N.P.2    Maes, R.A.A.3
  • 91
    • 0020700658 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac complications of carbamazepine intoxication: Treatment by haemoperfusion
    • Leslie PJ, Heyworth R, Prescott LF. Cardiac complications of carbamazepine intoxication: Treatment by haemoperfusion. Br Med J 1983;286:1018.
    • (1983) Br Med J , vol.286 , pp. 1018
    • Leslie, P.J.1    Heyworth, R.2    Prescott, L.F.3
  • 93
    • 0021996360 scopus 로고
    • Activated charcoal in phenobarbital overdose
    • Goldberg MJ, Berlinger WG, Park GD. Activated charcoal in phenobarbital overdose. JAMA 1985;253:1120-1121.
    • (1985) JAMA , vol.253 , pp. 1120-1121
    • Goldberg, M.J.1    Berlinger, W.G.2    Park, G.D.3
  • 94
  • 97
    • 0019239104 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of hemoperfusion and hemodialysis clearances during combined and prolonged treatment of severely poisoned patients
    • Holmstedt B, Lauwerys R, Mercier M, Roberfroid M, eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press
    • Verpooten GA, Heyndrickx, Zachee P, De Broe ME. Comparison of hemoperfusion and hemodialysis clearances during combined and prolonged treatment of severely poisoned patients. In: Mechanisms of Toxicity and Hazard Evaluation. Holmstedt B, Lauwerys R, Mercier M, Roberfroid M, eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press 1980:411-414.
    • (1980) Mechanisms of Toxicity and Hazard Evaluation , pp. 411-414
    • Verpooten, G.A.1    Heyndrickx2    Zachee, P.3    De Broe, M.E.4
  • 99
    • 0021915311 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and clinical toxicity of quinine overdosage: Lack of efficacy of techniques intended to enhance elimination
    • Bateman DN, Blain PG, Woodhouse KW, et al. Pharmacokinetics and clinical toxicity of quinine overdosage: Lack of efficacy of techniques intended to enhance elimination. Q J Med 1985;54:125-131.
    • (1985) Q J Med , vol.54 , pp. 125-131
    • Bateman, D.N.1    Blain, P.G.2    Woodhouse, K.W.3
  • 100
    • 0025250366 scopus 로고
    • Acute valproic acid overdose. Clinical course and pharmacokinetic disposition of valproic acid and metabolites
    • Dupuis RE, Lichtman SN, Pollack GM. Acute valproic acid overdose. Clinical course and pharmacokinetic disposition of valproic acid and metabolites. Drug Saf 1990;5:65-71.
    • (1990) Drug Saf , vol.5 , pp. 65-71
    • Dupuis, R.E.1    Lichtman, S.N.2    Pollack, G.M.3
  • 101
    • 0027507808 scopus 로고
    • Activated charcoal surface area and its role in multiple-dose charcoal therapy
    • Ilkhanipour K, Yealy DM, Krenzelok EP. Activated charcoal surface area and its role in multiple-dose charcoal therapy. Am J Emerg Med 1993;11:583-585.
    • (1993) Am J Emerg Med , vol.11 , pp. 583-585
    • Ilkhanipour, K.1    Yealy, D.M.2    Krenzelok, E.P.3
  • 103
    • 0016666170 scopus 로고
    • The volume and energy content of meals as determinants of gastric emptying
    • Hunt JN, Stubbs DF. The volume and energy content of meals as determinants of gastric emptying. J Physiol 1975;245:209-225.
    • (1975) J Physiol , vol.245 , pp. 209-225
    • Hunt, J.N.1    Stubbs, D.F.2
  • 104
    • 0025345409 scopus 로고
    • The effects of charcoal and sorbitol (alone and in combination) on plasma theophylline concentrations after a sustained-release formulation
    • Al-Shareef AH, Buss DC, Allen EM, Routledge PA. The effects of charcoal and sorbitol (alone and in combination) on plasma theophylline concentrations after a sustained-release formulation. Hum Exp Toxicol 1990; 9:179-182.
    • (1990) Hum Exp Toxicol , vol.9 , pp. 179-182
    • Al-Shareef, A.H.1    Buss, D.C.2    Allen, E.M.3    Routledge, P.A.4
  • 105
    • 0031406291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Position statement: Cathartics
    • AACT/EAPCCT Position Statement: Cathartics. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1997;35:743-752.
    • (1997) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.35 , pp. 743-752
  • 106
    • 0022977192 scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal obstruction associated with multiple-dose activated charcoal
    • Watson WA, Cremer KF, Chapman JA. Gastrointestinal obstruction associated with multiple-dose activated charcoal. J Emerg Med 1986;4:401-407.
    • (1986) J Emerg Med , vol.4 , pp. 401-407
    • Watson, W.A.1    Cremer, K.F.2    Chapman, J.A.3
  • 107
    • 0023929719 scopus 로고
    • Charcoal bezoar. Small-bowel obstruction secondary to amitriptyline overdose therapy
    • Ray MJ, Padin DR, Condie JD, Halls JM. Charcoal bezoar. Small-bowel obstruction secondary to amitriptyline overdose therapy. Dig Dis Sci 1988;33:106-107.
    • (1988) Dig Dis Sci , vol.33 , pp. 106-107
    • Ray, M.J.1    Padin, D.R.2    Condie, J.D.3    Halls, J.M.4
  • 108
    • 0026775644 scopus 로고
    • Treatment with activated charcoal complicated by gastrointestinal obstruction requiring surgery
    • Atkinson SW, Young Y, Trotter GA. Treatment with activated charcoal complicated by gastrointestinal obstruction requiring surgery. Br Med J 1992;305:563.
    • (1992) Br Med J , vol.305 , pp. 563
    • Atkinson, S.W.1    Young, Y.2    Trotter, G.A.3
  • 109
    • 0025899596 scopus 로고
    • Rectal ulcer with massive haemorrhage due to activated charcoal treatment in oral organophosphate poisoning
    • Mizutani T, Naito H, Oohashi N. Rectal ulcer with massive haemorrhage due to activated charcoal treatment in oral organophosphate poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol 1991;10:385-386.
    • (1991) Hum Exp Toxicol , vol.10 , pp. 385-386
    • Mizutani, T.1    Naito, H.2    Oohashi, N.3
  • 110
    • 0028236555 scopus 로고
    • Small-bowel obstruction secondary to activated charcoal and adhesions
    • Goulbourne KB, Cisek JE. Small-bowel obstruction secondary to activated charcoal and adhesions. Ann Emerg Med 1994;24:108-110.
    • (1994) Ann Emerg Med , vol.24 , pp. 108-110
    • Goulbourne, K.B.1    Cisek, J.E.2
  • 111
    • 0028272881 scopus 로고
    • Charcoal stercolith with intestinal perforation in a patient treated for amitriptyline ingestion
    • Gomez HF, Brent JA, Munoz DC, et al. Charcoal stercolith with intestinal perforation in a patient treated for amitriptyline ingestion. J Emerg Med 1994;12:57-60.
    • (1994) J Emerg Med , vol.12 , pp. 57-60
    • Gomez, H.F.1    Brent, J.A.2    Munoz, D.C.3
  • 112
    • 0023714378 scopus 로고
    • Fatal pulmonary aspiration of oral activated charcoal
    • Menzies DG, Busuttil A, Prescott LF. Fatal pulmonary aspiration of oral activated charcoal. Br Med J 1988; 297:459-460.
    • (1988) Br Med J , vol.297 , pp. 459-460
    • Menzies, D.G.1    Busuttil, A.2    Prescott, L.F.3
  • 114
    • 0027293093 scopus 로고
    • Accidental administration of activated charcoal into the lung: Aspiration by proxy
    • Harris CR, Filandrinos D. Accidental administration of activated charcoal into the lung: Aspiration by proxy. Ann Emerg Med 1993;22:1470-1473.
    • (1993) Ann Emerg Med , vol.22 , pp. 1470-1473
    • Harris, C.R.1    Filandrinos, D.2
  • 115
    • 0344127328 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary aspiration of activated charcoal after tricyclic antidepressant overdose
    • Givens T, Holloway M, Wason S. Pulmonary aspiration of activated charcoal after tricyclic antidepressant overdose. Vet Hum Toxicol 1990;32:375.
    • (1990) Vet Hum Toxicol , vol.32 , pp. 375
    • Givens, T.1    Holloway, M.2    Wason, S.3
  • 116
    • 0024467906 scopus 로고
    • Charcoal lung. Bronchiolitis obliterans after aspiration of activated charcoal
    • Elliott CG, Colby TV, Kelly TM, Hicks HG. Charcoal lung. Bronchiolitis obliterans after aspiration of activated charcoal. Chest 1989;96:672-674.
    • (1989) Chest , vol.96 , pp. 672-674
    • Elliott, C.G.1    Colby, T.V.2    Kelly, T.M.3    Hicks, H.G.4
  • 117
    • 0013454354 scopus 로고
    • A fatality resulting from multiple dose activated charcoal therapy
    • Benson B, VanAntwerp M, Hergott T. A fatality resulting from multiple dose activated charcoal therapy. Vet Hum Toxicol 1989;31:335.
    • (1989) Vet Hum Toxicol , vol.31 , pp. 335
    • Benson, B.1    VanAntwerp, M.2    Hergott, T.3
  • 118
    • 0022632768 scopus 로고
    • Aspiration of activated charcoal
    • Harsch HH. Aspiration of activated charcoal. N Engl J Med 1986;314:318.
    • (1986) N Engl J Med , vol.314 , pp. 318
    • Harsch, H.H.1
  • 119
    • 0023805159 scopus 로고
    • Fatal pulmonary aspiration of oral activated charcoal
    • Rau NR, Nagaraj MV, Prakash PS, Nelli P. Fatal pulmonary aspiration of oral activated charcoal. Br Med J 1988;297:918-919.
    • (1988) Br Med J , vol.297 , pp. 918-919
    • Rau, N.R.1    Nagaraj, M.V.2    Prakash, P.S.3    Nelli, P.4
  • 120
    • 0025758934 scopus 로고
    • Hypernatremia due to repeated doses of charcoal-sorbitol
    • Allerton JP, Strom JA. Hypernatremia due to repeated doses of charcoal-sorbitol. Am J Kidney Dis 1991;17: 581-584.
    • (1991) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.17 , pp. 581-584
    • Allerton, J.P.1    Strom, J.A.2
  • 121
    • 0022547751 scopus 로고
    • Severe hypernatremic dehydration after use of an activated charcoal-sorbitol suspension
    • Farley TA. Severe hypernatremic dehydration after use of an activated charcoal-sorbitol suspension. J Pediatr 1986;109:719-722.
    • (1986) J Pediatr , vol.109 , pp. 719-722
    • Farley, T.A.1
  • 122
    • 0025308203 scopus 로고
    • Hypernatremia following treatment of theophylline toxicity with activated charcoal and sorbitol
    • Gazda-Smith E, Synhavsky A. Hypernatremia following treatment of theophylline toxicity with activated charcoal and sorbitol. Arch Intern Med 1990;150:689-692.
    • (1990) Arch Intern Med , vol.150 , pp. 689-692
    • Gazda-Smith, E.1    Synhavsky, A.2
  • 123
    • 0024494772 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium toxicity secondary to catharsis during management of theophylline poisoning
    • Garrelts JC, Watson WA, Holloway KD, Sweet DE. Magnesium toxicity secondary to catharsis during management of theophylline poisoning. Am J Emerg Med 1989;7:34-37.
    • (1989) Am J Emerg Med , vol.7 , pp. 34-37
    • Garrelts, J.C.1    Watson, W.A.2    Holloway, K.D.3    Sweet, D.E.4
  • 124
    • 0024544801 scopus 로고
    • Hypermagnesemia. A potential complication during treatment of theophylline intoxication with oral activated charcoal and magnesium-containing cathartics
    • Weber CA, Santiago RM. Hypermagnesemia. A potential complication during treatment of theophylline intoxication with oral activated charcoal and magnesium-containing cathartics. Chest 1989;95:56-59.
    • (1989) Chest , vol.95 , pp. 56-59
    • Weber, C.A.1    Santiago, R.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.