Episiotomy, operative vaginal delivery, and significant perineal trauma in nulliparous women

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Volumn 181, Issue 5 I, 1999, Pages 1180-1184

  Robinson, J N ^a   Norwitz, E R ^a   Cohen, A P ^a   McElrath, T F ^a   Lieberman, E S ^a  

^a BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Episiotomy; Operative vaginal delivery; Perineal trauma

Indexed keywords

ADULT; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED STUDY; EPISIOTOMY; FEMALE; FORCEPS; FORCEPS DELIVERY; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; NULLIPARA; PERINEUM INJURY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VACUUM EXTRACTION; VAGINAL DELIVERY;

EID: 0032713231     PISSN: 00029378     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9378(99)70104-3     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (15)

1. AH Sultan MA Kamm CN Hudson CI. Bartram Third degree obstetric anal sphincter tears: risk factors and outcome of primary repair BMJ 308 1994 887 891
2. K Haadam S. Gudmundsson Can women with intrapartum rupture of anal sphincter still suffer after-effects two decades later? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 76 1997 601 603
3. R Al-Mufti A McCarthy NM. Fisk Survey of obstetricians’ personal preference and discretionary practice Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 73 1997 1 4
4. AH Sultan MA Kamm CN Hudson JM Thomas CI. Bartram Anal-sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery N Engl J Med 329 1993 1905 1911
5. T Tetzchner M Sorensen G Lose J. Christiansen Anal and urinary incontinence in women with obstetric anal sphincter rupture Br J Obstet Gynaecol 103 1996 1034 1040
6. IE Nygaard SS Rao JD. Dawson Anal incontinence after anal sphincter disruption: a 30-year retrospective cohort study Obstet Gynecol 89 1997 896 901
7. LJ Legino MP Woods WF Rayburn LS. McCoogan Third- and fourth-degree tears, 50 years experience at a university hospital J Reprod Med 33 1988 423 426
8. JL Ecker WM Tan RK Bansal JT Bishop SJ. Kilpatrick Is there a benefit to episiotomy at operative vaginal delivery? Am J Obstet Gynecol 176 1997 411 414
9. CA Coombs PA Robertson RK. Laros Risk factors for third-degree and fourth-degree perineal lacerations in forceps and vacuum deliveries Am J Obstet Gynecol 163 1990 100 104
10. RB Johanson C Rice M Doyle J Arthur L Anyanwu J Ibrahim A randomized prospective study comparing the new vacuum extractor policy with forceps delivery Br J Obstet Gynaecol 100 1993 524 530
11. FF Broekhuizen JM Washington F Johnson PR. Hamilton Vacuum extraction versus forceps delivery: indications and complications, 1979 to 1984 Obstet Gynecol 69 1987 338 342
12. JT Helwig JM Thorp WA. Bowes Does midline episiotomy increase the risk of third- and fourth-degree lacerations in operative vaginal deliveries? Obstet Gynecol 82 1993 276 279
13. P Shiono MA Klebanoff JC. Carey Midline episiotomies: more harm than good? Obstet Gynecol 75 1990 765 770
14. M Labrecque L Baillargeon M Dallaire A Tremblay JJ Pinault S. Gingras Association between median episiotomy and severe perineal lacerations in primiparous women CMAJ 156 1997 797 802
15. PC. Dennen Dennen’s forceps deliveries 3rd ed 1989 FA Davis Philadelphia