메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 439-450

Generation of spatial patterns in boreal forest landscapes

Author keywords

Boreal forests; Herbivores; Nitrogen cycling; Seed dispersal; Spatial processes

Indexed keywords


EID: 0032709036     PISSN: 14329840     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s100219900092     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (55)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0024911880 scopus 로고
    • Landscape ecology and the nature reserve design in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota
    • Baker WL. 1989. Landscape ecology and the nature reserve design in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota. Ecology 70:23-35.
    • (1989) Ecology , vol.70 , pp. 23-35
    • Baker, W.L.1
  • 2
    • 0001693754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatiotemporal patterns in nature
    • Bascompte J, Solé RV. 1998a. Spatiotemporal patterns in nature. TREE 13:173-4.
    • (1998) Tree , vol.13 , pp. 173-174
    • Bascompte, J.1    Solé, R.V.2
  • 4
    • 0000609554 scopus 로고
    • Some ecological consequences of a computer model of forest growth
    • Botkin DB, Janak JF, Wallis JR. 1972. Some ecological consequences of a computer model of forest growth. J Ecol 60: 849-72.
    • (1972) J Ecol , vol.60 , pp. 849-872
    • Botkin, D.B.1    Janak, J.F.2    Wallis, J.R.3
  • 5
    • 0003008369 scopus 로고
    • Browsing-woody plant interactions during boreal forest plant succession
    • Van Cleve K, Chapin FS III, Flanagan PW, Viereck LA, Dyrness CT, editors. 1986. New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Bryant JP, Chapin FS III. 1986. Browsing-woody plant interactions during boreal forest plant succession. In: Van Cleve K, Chapin FS III, Flanagan PW, Viereck LA, Dyrness CT, editors. 1986. Forest ecosystems in the Alaskan taiga. New York: Springer-Verlag. p 213-25.
    • (1986) Forest Ecosystems in the Alaskan Taiga , pp. 213-225
    • Bryant, J.P.1    Chapin F.S. III2
  • 6
    • 0000877883 scopus 로고
    • Silvics of North America
    • U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, DC
    • Burns RM, Honkala BH. 1990. Silvics of North America. Agricultural Handbook 654, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, DC.
    • (1990) Agricultural Handbook 654
    • Burns, R.M.1    Honkala, B.H.2
  • 7
    • 0002411190 scopus 로고
    • The development of the Swedish moose population, 1970-1983
    • Cedarlund G, Markgren G. 1987. The development of the Swedish moose population, 1970-1983. Swed Wildl Res 1 Suppl 1:55-62.
    • (1987) Swed Wildl Res , vol.1 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 55-62
    • Cedarlund, G.1    Markgren, G.2
  • 8
    • 0016948894 scopus 로고
    • Optimal foraging: The marginal value theorem
    • Charnov EL. 1976. Optimal foraging: the marginal value theorem. Theor Popul Biol 9:129-136.
    • (1976) Theor Popul Biol , vol.9 , pp. 129-136
    • Charnov, E.L.1
  • 9
    • 0011907455 scopus 로고
    • The responses of a forest ecosystem model to serial correlations of global warming
    • Cohen Y, Pastor J. 1991. The responses of a forest ecosystem model to serial correlations of global warming. Ecology 72: 1161-5.
    • (1991) Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 1161-1165
    • Cohen, Y.1    Pastor, J.2
  • 10
    • 0345267470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient cycling in evolutionary stable ecosystems
    • Cohen Y, Pastor J. submitted. Nutrient cycling in evolutionary stable ecosystems. Evol Ecol Res.
    • Evol Ecol Res.
    • Cohen, Y.1    Pastor, J.2
  • 11
    • 0028248821 scopus 로고
    • The importance of being discrete (and spatial)
    • Durrett R, Levin S. 1994. The importance of being discrete (and spatial). Theor Population Biol 46:363-94.
    • (1994) Theor Population Biol , vol.46 , pp. 363-394
    • Durrett, R.1    Levin, S.2
  • 13
    • 0020870739 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient cycling in relation to decomposition and organic-matter quality in taiga ecosystems
    • Flanagan PW, Van Cleve K. 1983. Nutrient cycling in relation to decomposition and organic-matter quality in taiga ecosystems. Can J For Res 13:795-817.
    • (1983) Can J For Res , vol.13 , pp. 795-817
    • Flanagan, P.W.1    Van Cleve, K.2
  • 14
    • 0028979975 scopus 로고
    • Neighborhood effects, disturbances, and succession in forests of the western Great Lakes Region
    • Frelich LE, Reich PB. 1995n. Neighborhood effects, disturbances, and succession in forests of the western Great Lakes Region. Ecoscience 2:148-58.
    • (1995) Ecoscience , vol.2 , pp. 148-158
    • Frelich, L.E.1    Reich, P.B.2
  • 15
    • 0028975893 scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns and succession in a Minnesota southern-boreal forest
    • Frelich LE, Reich PB. 1995b. Spatial patterns and succession in a Minnesota southern-boreal forest. Ecol Monogr 65:325-46.
    • (1995) Ecol Monogr , vol.65 , pp. 325-346
    • Frelich, L.E.1    Reich, P.B.2
  • 16
    • 54249109541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disturbance severity and threshold responses in the boreal forest
    • Frelich LE, Reich PB. 1998. Disturbance severity and threshold responses in the boreal forest. Conserv Ecol [online] 2(2):7. Available via the Internet: http://www.consecol.org/vol2/iss2/ art7.
    • (1998) Conserv Ecol , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 7
    • Frelich, L.E.1    Reich, P.B.2
  • 17
    • 0000405242 scopus 로고
    • Ecological development of patterned peatlands
    • Wright HE Jr., Coffin BA, Aaseng N, editors. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press
    • Glaser P. 1992. Ecological development of patterned peatlands. In: Wright HE Jr., Coffin BA, Aaseng N, editors. The patterned peatlands of Minnesota. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. p 27-42.
    • (1992) The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota , pp. 27-42
    • Glaser, P.1
  • 18
    • 0026271247 scopus 로고
    • Northern peatlands: Role in the carbon cycle and probable responses to global warming
    • Gorham EA. 1991. Northern peatlands: role in the carbon cycle and probable responses to global warming. Ecol Appl 1: 182-95.
    • (1991) Ecol Appl , vol.1 , pp. 182-195
    • Gorham, E.A.1
  • 19
    • 0026000769 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale patterns of forest succession as determined by remote sensing
    • Hall FG, Botkin DB, Strebel DE, Woods KD, Goetz SJ. 1991. Large-scale patterns of forest succession as determined by remote sensing. Ecology 72:628-40.
    • (1991) Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 628-640
    • Hall, F.G.1    Botkin, D.B.2    Strebel, D.E.3    Woods, K.D.4    Goetz, S.J.5
  • 21
    • 0028170380 scopus 로고
    • Species coexistence and self-organizing spatial dynamics
    • Hassell MP, Commins HN, May RM. 1994. Species coexistence and self-organizing spatial dynamics. Nature 370:290-2.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.370 , pp. 290-292
    • Hassell, M.P.1    Commins, H.N.2    May, R.M.3
  • 22
    • 0000640997 scopus 로고
    • Fire in the virgin forests of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota
    • Heinselman ML. 1973. Fire in the virgin forests of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota. Quaternary Res 3:329-82.
    • (1973) Quaternary Res , vol.3 , pp. 329-382
    • Heinselman, M.L.1
  • 24
    • 0001063491 scopus 로고
    • Resource supply and disturbance as controls over present and future plant diversity
    • Schulze E-D, Mooney HA, editors. New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Hobble SE, Jensen DB, Chapin FS III. 1994. Resource supply and disturbance as controls over present and future plant diversity. In: Schulze E-D, Mooney HA, editors. Biodiversity and ecosystem function. New York: Springer-Verlag. p 385-408.
    • (1994) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function , pp. 385-408
    • Hobble, S.E.1    Jensen, D.B.2    Chapin F.S. III3
  • 25
    • 0344404471 scopus 로고
    • The spruce-budworm/forest management problem
    • Holling CS, editor. New York: John Wiley and Sons
    • Holling CS. 1980. The spruce-budworm/forest management problem. In: Holling CS, editor. Adaptive environmental assessment and management. New York: John Wiley and Sons. p 143-82.
    • (1980) Adaptive Environmental Assessment and Management , pp. 143-182
    • Holling, C.S.1
  • 26
    • 0001041230 scopus 로고
    • The role of forest insects in structuring the boreal landscape
    • Shugart HH, Leemans R, Bonan GB, editors. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Holling CS. 1992. The role of forest insects in structuring the boreal landscape. In: Shugart HH, Leemans R, Bonan GB, editors. A systems analysis of the global boreal forest. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p 170-92.
    • (1992) A Systems Analysis of the Global Boreal Forest , pp. 170-192
    • Holling, C.S.1
  • 29
    • 0025227411 scopus 로고
    • The use of a geographic information system to analyze long-term landscape alteration by beaver
    • Johnston CA, Naiman RJ. 1990. The use of a geographic information system to analyze long-term landscape alteration by beaver. Landscape Ecol 4:5-19.
    • (1990) Landscape Ecol , vol.4 , pp. 5-19
    • Johnston, C.A.1    Naiman, R.J.2
  • 30
    • 0028977128 scopus 로고
    • Connecting landscape patterns to ecosystem and population processes
    • Kareiva P, Wennergren U. 1995. Connecting landscape patterns to ecosystem and population processes. Nature 373:299-302.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.373 , pp. 299-302
    • Kareiva, P.1    Wennergren, U.2
  • 31
    • 0000378831 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamic models in heterogeneous environments
    • Levin SA. 1976. Population dynamic models in heterogeneous environments. Annu Rev Ecol System 7:287-310.
    • (1976) Annu Rev Ecol System , vol.7 , pp. 287-310
    • Levin, S.A.1
  • 32
    • 0027101175 scopus 로고
    • The problem of pattern and scale in ecology
    • Levin S. 1992. The problem of pattern and scale in ecology. Ecology 73:1943-67.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 1943-1967
    • Levin, S.1
  • 33
    • 0028003350 scopus 로고
    • Spatial coupling of plant and herbivore dynamics: The contribution of herbivore dispersal to transient and persistent "waves" of damage
    • Lewis M. 1994. Spatial coupling of plant and herbivore dynamics: the contribution of herbivore dispersal to transient and persistent "waves" of damage. Theor Population Biol 45:277-312.
    • (1994) Theor Population Biol , vol.45 , pp. 277-312
    • Lewis, M.1
  • 35
    • 0027044174 scopus 로고
    • Effects of moose browsing on vegetation and litter of the boreal forest, Isle Royale, Michigan, USA
    • McInnes PF, Naiman RJ, Pastor J, Cohen Y. 1992. Effects of moose browsing on vegetation and litter of the boreal forest, Isle Royale, Michigan, USA. Ecology 73:2059-2075.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 2059-2075
    • McInnes, P.F.1    Naiman, R.J.2    Pastor, J.3    Cohen, Y.4
  • 36
    • 0030616870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A spatially-explicit model of moose foraging and energetics
    • Moen R, Pastor J, Cohen Y. 1997. A spatially-explicit model of moose foraging and energetics. Ecology 78:505-21.
    • (1997) Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 505-521
    • Moen, R.1    Pastor, J.2    Cohen, Y.3
  • 37
    • 0041889117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking moose population and plant growth models with a moose energetics model
    • Moen R, Pastor J, Cohen Y. 1998. Linking moose population and plant growth models with a moose energetics model. Ecosystems 1:52-63.
    • (1998) Ecosystems , vol.1 , pp. 52-63
    • Moen, R.1    Pastor, J.2    Cohen, Y.3
  • 38
    • 0030815030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating nitrogen metabolism and urinary urea nitrogen: Creatinine ratios in ruminants
    • Moen RA, DelGiudice GD. 1997. Simulating nitrogen metabolism and urinary urea nitrogen: creatinine ratios in ruminants. J Wildlife Manage 61:881-94.
    • (1997) J Wildlife Manage , vol.61 , pp. 881-894
    • Moen, R.A.1    DelGiudice, G.D.2
  • 39
    • 0002825440 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of epidemic spruce-budworm populations
    • Morris RF. 1963. The dynamics of epidemic spruce-budworm populations. Memoirs Entornol Soc Can 31:1-332.
    • (1963) Memoirs Entornol Soc Can , vol.31 , pp. 1-332
    • Morris, R.F.1
  • 40
    • 0030616746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population consequences of constitutive and inducible plant resistance: Herbivore spatial spread
    • Morris WF, Dwyer G. 1997. Population consequences of constitutive and inducible plant resistance: herbivore spatial spread. Am Nat 149:1071-90.
    • (1997) Am Nat , vol.149 , pp. 1071-1090
    • Morris, W.F.1    Dwyer, G.2
  • 43
    • 0344404469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen cycling and the control of chaos in a boreal forest model
    • Judd K, Mees A, Teo K, Vincent T, editors. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser
    • Pastor J, Cohen Y. 1997. Nitrogen cycling and the control of chaos in a boreal forest model. In Judd K, Mees A, Teo K, Vincent T, editors. Control and chaos. Mathematical modelling series. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser. p 304-19.
    • (1997) Control and Chaos. Mathematical Modelling Series , pp. 304-319
    • Pastor, J.1    Cohen, Y.2
  • 44
    • 0002727375 scopus 로고
    • The southern boreal-northern hardwood forest border
    • Shugart HH, Leemans R, Bonan GB, editors Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Pastor J, Mladenoff DJ. 1992. The southern boreal-northern hardwood forest border. In: Shugart HH, Leemans R, Bonan GB, editors. A systems analysis of the global boreal forest. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p 216-40.
    • (1992) A Systems Analysis of the Global Boreal Forest , pp. 216-240
    • Pastor, J.1    Mladenoff, D.J.2
  • 46
    • 19544384486 scopus 로고
    • Influence of climate, soil moisture, and succession on forest carbon and nitrogen cycles
    • Pastor J, Post WM. 1986. Influence of climate, soil moisture, and succession on forest carbon and nitrogen cycles. Biogeochemistry 2:3-27.
    • (1986) Biogeochemistry , vol.2 , pp. 3-27
    • Pastor, J.1    Post, W.M.2
  • 47
    • 0023738040 scopus 로고
    • Responses of northern forests to CO2-induced climate change
    • Pastor J, Post WM. 1988. Responses of northern forests to CO2-induced climate change. Nature 334:55-8.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.334 , pp. 55-58
    • Pastor, J.1    Post, W.M.2
  • 49
    • 0023528107 scopus 로고
    • Successional changes in soil nitrogen availability as a potential factor contributing to spruce dieback in boreal North America
    • Pastor J, Gardner RH, Dale VH, Post WM. 1987. Successional changes in soil nitrogen availability as a potential factor contributing to spruce dieback in boreal North America. Can J For Res 17:1394-1400.
    • (1987) Can J For Res , vol.17 , pp. 1394-1400
    • Pastor, J.1    Gardner, R.H.2    Dale, V.H.3    Post, W.M.4
  • 50
    • 0001787376 scopus 로고
    • Markovian analysis of the spatially dependent dynamics of beaver ponds
    • Pastor J, Bonde J, Johnston CA, Naiman RJ. 1993. Markovian analysis of the spatially dependent dynamics of beaver ponds. Lect Math Life Sci 23:5-27.
    • (1993) Lect Math Life Sci , vol.23 , pp. 5-27
    • Pastor, J.1    Bonde, J.2    Johnston, C.A.3    Naiman, R.J.4
  • 51
    • 0006474176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity and ecosystem processes in boreal regions
    • Mooney HA, Cushman JH, Medina E, Sala OE, Schulze E-D, editors New York: John Wiley & Sons
    • Pastor J, Mladenoff DJ, Haila Y, Bryant J, Payette S. 1996. Biodiversity and ecosystem processes in boreal regions. In: Mooney HA, Cushman JH, Medina E, Sala OE, Schulze E-D, editors. Functional roles of biodiversity: a global perspective. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p 33-70.
    • (1996) Functional Roles of Biodiversity: A Global Perspective , pp. 33-70
    • Pastor, J.1    Mladenoff, D.J.2    Haila, Y.3    Bryant, J.4    Payette, S.5
  • 52
    • 0031970805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns in the moose-forest-soil ecosystem on Isle Royale, Michigan, USA
    • Pastor J, Dewey B, Moen R, White M, Mladenoff DJ, Cohen Y. 1998. Spatial patterns in the moose-forest-soil ecosystem on Isle Royale, Michigan, USA. Ecol Appl 8:411-24.
    • (1998) Ecol Appl , vol.8 , pp. 411-424
    • Pastor, J.1    Dewey, B.2    Moen, R.3    White, M.4    Mladenoff, D.J.5    Cohen, Y.6
  • 53
    • 0000060082 scopus 로고
    • Fire as a controlling process in the North American boreal forest
    • Shugart HH, Leemans R, Bonan GB, editors. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Payette S. 1992. Fire as a controlling process in the North American boreal forest. In Shugart HH, Leemans R, Bonan GB, editors. A systems analysis of the global boreal forest. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p 144-69.
    • (1992) A Systems Analysis of the Global Boreal Forest , pp. 144-169
    • Payette, S.1
  • 56
    • 0029660888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LINKAGES - An individual-based forest ecosystem model
    • Post WM, Pastor J. 1996. LINKAGES - an individual-based forest ecosystem model. Clim Change 34:253-61.
    • (1996) Clim Change , vol.34 , pp. 253-261
    • Post, W.M.1    Pastor, J.2
  • 58
    • 0030666139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spatial dimension in population fluctuations
    • Ranta E, Kaitala V, Lundberg P. 1997. The spatial dimension in population fluctuations. Science 278:1621-3.
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 1621-1623
    • Ranta, E.1    Kaitala, V.2    Lundberg, P.3
  • 59
    • 0023481068 scopus 로고
    • Geostatistics in ecology: Interpolating with known variance
    • Robertson GP. 1987. Geostatistics in ecology: interpolating with known variance. Ecology 68:744-748.
    • (1987) Ecology , vol.68 , pp. 744-748
    • Robertson, G.P.1
  • 60
    • 0024258875 scopus 로고
    • Spatial variability in a successional plant community: Patterns of nitrogen availability
    • Robertson GP, Huston MA, Evans FC, Tiedje J. 1988. Spatial variability in a successional plant community: patterns of nitrogen availability. Ecology 69:1517-1524.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 1517-1524
    • Robertson, G.P.1    Huston, M.A.2    Evans, F.C.3    Tiedje, J.4
  • 61
    • 0026540034 scopus 로고
    • Geostatistical tools for modeling and interpreting ecological spatial dependence
    • Rossi RE, Mulla DJ, Journel AG, Franz EH. 1992. Geostatistical tools for modeling and interpreting ecological spatial dependence. Ecological Monographs 62:277-314.
    • (1992) Ecological Monographs , vol.62 , pp. 277-314
    • Rossi, R.E.1    Mulla, D.J.2    Journel, A.G.3    Franz, E.H.4
  • 62
    • 0001061534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production functions from ecological populations: A survey with emphasis on spatially explicit models
    • Tilman D, Kareiva P, editors Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Roughgarden J. 1997. Production functions from ecological populations: a survey with emphasis on spatially explicit models. In Tilman D, Kareiva P, editors. Spatial ecology. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p 296-317.
    • (1997) Spatial Ecology , pp. 296-317
    • Roughgarden, J.1
  • 63
    • 0345267451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mathematical formulation and parallel implementation of a spatially explicit ecosystem control model
    • New Orleans. Society for Computer Simulation, New Orleans (1995)
    • Sarkar S, Cohen Y, Pastor J. 1996. Mathematical formulation and parallel implementation of a spatially explicit ecosystem control model. Conference Proceedings, Grand Challenges in Computer Simulations; New Orleans. Society for Computer Simulation, New Orleans (1995).
    • (1996) Conference Proceedings, Grand Challenges in Computer Simulations
    • Sarkar, S.1    Cohen, Y.2    Pastor, J.3
  • 64
    • 0032449252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet choices made by free-ranging moose in northern Sweden in relation to plant distribution, chemistry, and morphology
    • Shipley LA, Blomquist S, Danell K. 1998. Diet choices made by free-ranging moose in northern Sweden in relation to plant distribution, chemistry, and morphology. Can J Zool 76: 1722-33.
    • (1998) Can J Zool , vol.76 , pp. 1722-1733
    • Shipley, L.A.1    Blomquist, S.2    Danell, K.3
  • 66
    • 0004116095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Tilman D, Kareiva P, editors. 1997. Spatial ecology. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    • (1997) Spatial Ecology
    • Tilman, D.1    Kareiva, P.2
  • 69
    • 0002589773 scopus 로고
    • Population responses to patchy environments
    • Wiens JA. 1976. Population responses to patchy environments. Annu Rev Ecol System 7:81-120.
    • (1976) Annu Rev Ecol System , vol.7 , pp. 81-120
    • Wiens, J.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.