Predicted no-effect concentrations and risk characterization of four surfactants: Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate, alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylated sulfates, and soap

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

Volumn 18, Issue 11, 1999, Pages 2653-2663

  Van De Plassche, Erik J ^a   De Bruijn, Jack H M ^a   Stephenson, Richard R ^b   Marshall, Stuart J ^c   Feijtel, Tom C J ^d   Belanger, Scott E ^d  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT   (Netherlands)

^b Shell Scenarios Team Shell International Shell Centre   (United Kingdom)

^c UNILEVER RESEARCH   (United Kingdom)

^d PROCTER AND GAMBLE COMPANY   (United States)

Author keywords

Alcohol ethoxylate; Alcohol ethoxylated sulfates; Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate; Soap; Surfactants

Indexed keywords

BENZENESULFONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; SOAP; SURFACTANT;

AQUATIC FAUNA; ARTICLE; DERIVATIZATION; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; HYGIENE; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; TOXICITY TESTING; WATER CONTAMINATION; WATER TREATMENT;

EID: 0032692330     PISSN: 07307268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620181135     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and the Environment, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment and Dutch Soap and Detergent Association. 1991. Plan van aanpak was-en reinigingsmiddelen voor huishoudelijk. Directorate-General of the Environment, The Hague, The Netherlands.
2. Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and the Environment, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment and Dutch Soap and Detergent Association. 1992. Environmental risk assessment of detergents. Proceedings, Dutch Government-Industry Workshop, Leidschendam, The Netherlands, April 9, Zeist, The Netherlands, p 44.
3. Association Internationale de la Savonnerie, de la Détergence et des Produits d'Entretien and the Comité Européen des Agents de Surface et leurs Intermédiaires Organiques. 1996. Environmental Risk Assessment of Detergent Chemicals. Proceedings, AISE/CESIO Limelette III Workshop, Brussels, Belgium, November 28-29, 1995.
4. Matthijs E, Holt MS, Kiewiet A, Rijs GBJ. 1999. Environmental monitoring for linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, alcohol ethoxylate, alcohol ethoxy sulfate, alcohol sulfate, and soap. Environ Toxicol Chem 18:2634-2644.
5. Feijtel TCJ, Struijs J, Matthijs E. 1998. Exposure modeling of detergent surfactants-Prediction of 90th percentile concentrations in the Netherlands. Environ Toxicol Chem (this issue).
6. Balk F, de Bruijn JHM, van Leeuwen CJ. 1993. Guidance document for aquatic effects assessment. OECD Hazard Assessment Advisory Body Report. Ministry of Housing, The Hague, The Netherlands.
7. Jager DT, Vermeire TG, Slooff W, Roelfzema H. 1994. Uniform system for the evaluation of substances II: Effects assessment. Chemposphere 29:319-335.
8. Slooff W. 1992. Ecotoxicological effect assessment: Deriving Maximum Tolerable Concentrations (MTC) from single-species toxicity data. RIVM Report 719102 018. National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
9. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. 1992. Report of the OECD workshop on the extrapolation of laboratory aquatic toxicity data to the real environment. Monograph 59. Paris, France.
10. Van Straalen NM, Denneman CAJ. 1989. Ecotoxicological evaluation of soil quality criteria. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 25:48-63.
11. Wagner C, Løkke H. 1991. Estimation of ecotoxicological protection levels from NOEC toxicity data. Water Res 25:1237-1242.
12. Aldenberg T, Slob W. 1993. Confidence limits for hazardous concentrations based on logistically distributed NOEC toxicity data. Eotoxicol Environ Saf 25:48-63.
13. Hill IR, Heimbach F, Leeuwangh P, Matthiessen P. 1994. Freshwater Field Tests for Hazard Assessment of Chemicals. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
14. Leo AJ, Hansch C. 1979. Substituent constants for correlation analysis in chemistry and biology. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA.
15. Roberts DW. 1991. QSAR issues in aquatic toxicity of surfactants. Sci Total Environ 109/110:557-568.
16. Könemann WH. 1981. Quantitative structure-activity relationships in fish toxicity studies. Part 1 : Relationship for 50 industrial pollutants. Toxicology 19:209-221.
17. Saarikoski J, Veluksela M. 1982. Relationship between physicochemical properties of phenols and their toxicity and accumulation in fish. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 6:501-512.
18. BKH Consulting Engineers. 1993. The use of existing toxicity data for estimation of the maximum tolerable environmental concentration of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate. Part I: Main report. The Dutch Soap Association, Delft, The Netherlands.
19. BKH Consulting Engineers. 1993. The use of existing toxicity data for estimation of the maximum tolerable environmental concentration of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate. Part II: Data lists. The Dutch Soap Association, Delft, The Netherlands.
20. Kimerle RA. 1989. Aquatic and terrestrial ecotoxicology of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. Tenside Surfactant Detergents 26:169-176.
21. Painter HA. 1992. Anionic surfactants. In Hutzinger O, ed, Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Vol 3, Part F, Anthropogenic Compounds: Detergents. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, pp 1-81.
22. The Soap and Detergent Association 1991. Environmental and Human Safety of Major Surfactants - Vol 1. Anionic Surfactants - Part 1. Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates. A.D. Little, Cambridge, MA, USA.
23. International Program on Chemical Safety. 1996. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) and related compounds - alkyl olefin sulfonates (AOS) and alkyl sulfates (AS). Environmental Health Criteria 169. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
24. Blok J, Balk F. 1993. Attempts to bridge the gap between laboratory toxicity tests and ecosystems: A case study with LAS. Sci Total Environ 1527-1538.
25. Leeuwen CJ van, Van der Zandt PTJ, Aldenberg T, Verhaar HJM, Hermens JLM. 1992. Application of QSARs, extrapolation and equilibrium partitioning in aquatic effects assessment. I. Narcotic industrial pollutants. Environ Toxicol Chem 11:267-282.
26. Tattersfield LJ, Mitchell GC, Holt M, Girling AE, Pearson N, Ham L. 1996. Linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS): Fate and Effects in outdoor experimental streams and pools - An extended study. Report TNER.96.005. Shell Research and Technology Center, Thornton, UK.
27. Lewis MA, Hamm BG. 1986. Environmental modification of the photosynthetic response of lake plankton to surfactants and significance to a laboratory-field comparison. Water Res 20:1575-1582.
28. Lewis MA. 1986. Comparison of the effects of surfactants on freshwater phytoplankton communities in experimental enclosures and on algal population growth in the laboratory. Environ Toxicol Chem 5:319-332.
29. Chattopadhyay DN, Konar SK. 1985. Chronic effects of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate on aquatic ecosystem. Environ Ecol 3: 428-433.
30. Fairchild JF, Dwyer FJ, La Point FW, Burch SA, Ingersoll CG. 1993. Evaluation of laboratory-generated NOECs for linear alkylbenzene sulphonate in outdoor experimental streams. Environ Toxicol Chem 12:1763-1775.
31. BKH Consulting Engineers. 1994. Environmental data review of Alcohol Ethoxylates (AE). Final Report. The Dutch Soap Association, Delft, The Netherlands.
32. Tattersfield LJ, Holt M, Mitchell GC, Pearson N. 1995. Effects of DOBANOL 25-7 in outdoor artificial streams (provisional study). Report SBER.95.001. Shell Research and Technology Centre, Thornton, UK.
33. Mitchell G, Bennett C, Pearson N. 1993. Effects of lindane on macroinvertebrates and periphyton in outdoor experimental streams. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 25:90-102.
34. Rodgers JH Jr, Crossland NO, Kline ER, Gillespie WB, Figueroa RA, Dorn PB. 1998. Design and use of model stream mesocosms for aquatic safety assessments of surfactants. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 30:235-252.
35. 14-15 linear alcohol ethoxylate surfactant in stream mesocosms. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 34: 196-204.
36. Dorn PB, Tattersfield L, Holt M, Dubey ST. 1996. Development of effects data for alcohol ethoxylate surfactants using stream mesocosms. Proceedings, 4th World Surfactants Congress, Barcelona, Spain, pp 197-212.
37. 12-13 linear alcohol ethoxylate surfactant on periphyton, macrophytes, invertebrates and fish in stream mesocosms. Environ Toxicol Chem 16:1634-1645.
38. Tattersfield LJ, Young LJ, Pearson N, Davies EH. 1995. NEODOL 25-9: Fate and Effects in outdoor artificial streams and pools. Report SBER.95.013. Shell Research and Technology Centre, Thornton, UK.
39. 9-11 linear alcohol ethoxylate surfactant in stream mesocosms experiments. Ecotoxicology 6:275-292.
40. BKH Consulting Engineers. 1994. Environmental data review of alkyl ether sulphates (AES). Final Report. The Dutch Soap Association, Delft, The Netherlands.
41. Belanger SE, Rupe KL, Bausch RG. 1995. Responses of invertebrates and fish to alkyl sulfate and alkyl ethoxylate sulfate anionic surfactants during chronic exposure. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 55:751-758.
42. Belanger SE, Barnum JB, Weltering DM, Bowling JW, Ventullo RM, Schermerhorn SD, Lowe RL. 1994. Algal periphyton structure and function in response to consumer chemicals in stream mesocosms. In Graney RL, Kennedy JH, Rodgers JH, eds, Aquatic Mesocosm Studies in Ecological Risk Assessment. CRC, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp 535-568.
43. Belanger SE, Rupe KL, Lowe RL, Johnson DJ, Pan Y. 1996. Development of a flow through microcosm bioassay suitable for assessing responses of natural periphyton to surfactants. Environ Toxicol Water Qual 11:65-76.
44. Belanger SE, Meiers EM, Bausch RG. 1997. Direct and indirect ecotoxicological effects of alkyl sulfate and alkyl ethoxysulfate on macroinvertebrates in stream mesoscosms. Aqual Toxicol 33: 65-87.
45. Lee DM, Guckert JB, Belanger SE, Feijtel T. 1997. Seasonal temperature declines do not decrease periphytic surfactant biodegradation or increase algal species sensitivity. Chemosphere 26:537-553.
46. Guckert JB. 1996. Toxicity assessment by community analysis. J Microbiol Methods 25:101-112.
47. BKH Consulting Engineers. 1994. Environmental data review of soap. The Dutch Soap Association, Delft, The Netherlands.
48. Canton JH, Slooff W. 1982. Substitutes for phosphate containing washing products: Their toxicity and biodegradability in the aquatic environment. Chemosphere 11:891-907.
49. Van Egmond R, Hambling S, Marshall S. 1998. Chronic toxicity of sodium laurate to zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio). Environ Toxicol Chem 18:466-473.
50. Cherr GN, Shenker JM, Lundmark C, Turner KO. 1987. Toxic effects of selected bleached kraft mill effluent constituents on the sea urchin sperm cell. Environ Toxicol Chem 6:561-569.
51. Herzel F, Murty S. 1984. Do carrier solvents enhance the water solubility of hydrophobic compounds? Bull Environ Contain Toxicol 32:53-58.
52. Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and the Environment. 1989. Premises for risk management: Risk limits in the context of environmental policy. Annex to the Dutch National Environmental Policy Plan, Second Chamber of the States General, 1988-89, Session 21137, No. 1-2, The Hague, The Netherlands.
53. Larsson RJ, Maki AW. 1982. Effect of LAS on the structure and function of microbial communities in model ecosystems. STP 766. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, pp 120-136.
54. Lewis MA, Pittinger CA, Davidson DH, Ritchie CJ. 1991. In-situ response of natural periphyton to an anionic surfactant and an environmental safety assessment for phytotoxic effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 12:1803-1812.
55. Guhl W, Gode P. 1989. Correlations between lethal and chronic/biocenotic effect concentrations of surfactants. Tenside Surfactant Detergents 6:3-8.
56. Huber W, et al. 1987. Ecotoxicological evaluation of environmental chemicals by means of aquatic model ecosystems. Research Report 03-7314-0. Bundesminesterium für Forschung und Technologie, Berlin, Germany.