Customs and practices at U.S. ski areas for mitigating common hazards through trail configuration and maintenance

ASTM Special Technical Publication

Volumn , Issue 1345, 1999, Pages 35-44

  Penniman, Dick ^a  

^a Snowbridge Associates   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT PREVENTION; HAZARDS; MAINTENANCE; SNOW; SNOW MAKING;

FALL LINE; SAFETY HIERARCHY; SIDE HILL; SKIER; SLOPE GRADIENT; TRAIL; UNITED STATES;

SKI JUMPS;

EID: 0032685236     PISSN: 10403094     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1520/stp12355s     Document Type: Article

References (13)

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3. Professional Ski Instructors of America, Alpine Level I Study Guide, 1996.
4. Professional Ski Instructors of America, Alpine Manual, 1996.
5. Ericksen Associates, Inc., "Usual Trail Lingo," Shrewsbury, VT, March 1992 (unpublished).
6. Borgersen & Associates, Ltd., "Slope Pitch Degrees and Percentages," Seattle, WA, circa 1977 (unpublished).
7. Gaylor, E. and Rombold, C., "Handbook for Ski Slope Development," American Institute of Park Executives, Oglebay Park, Wheeling, WV. Republished by UMI Books on Demand, Ann Arbor, MI, 1964.
8. Penniman, D., "The Custom and Practice for Identification and Mitigation of Common Hazards at U.S. Ski Areas - An Opportunity for Standards," Skiing Trauma and Safety, ASTM STP 1182, 1993, pp. 215-235.
9. Lundberg, M., "Alpine Handbook, Professional Ski Instructors of America," 1996.
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12. Christianson, D., "ASTM F8-14: Subcommittee Report on Tower Protective Devices," American Safety for Testing and Materials, 4 March 1980.
13. Brown, C. A., Hoffman, A. H., and Heinzmann, R. K., "Skier Trajectories After Loss of Control," Skiing Trauma and Safety, ASTM STP 1266, pp. 186-195.