Effects of molar ratio of citric acid to cations and of pH value on the formation and thermal-decomposition behavior of barium titanium citrate

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

Volumn 82, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 1409-1415

  Tsay, Jenq Dar ^a   Fang, Tsang Tse ^a  

^a NATIONAL CHENG KUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACIDS; CHELATION; CHEMICAL BONDS; COMPOSITION EFFECTS; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PH EFFECTS; PYROLYSIS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL); X RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS;

BARIUM TITANATE CITRATE; CITRIC ACID; PECHINI METHOD;

BARIUM COMPOUNDS;

EID: 0032673924     PISSN: 00027820     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb01931.x     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. P. P. Phule and S. H. Risbud, "Low-Temperature Synthesis and Dielectric Properties of Ceramics Derived from Amorphous Barium Titanate Gels and Crystalline Powders," Mater. Sci. Eng. B, B3, 241-47 (1989).
2. J.F. Campion, D. A. Payne, H. K. Chae, and Z. Xu, "Chemical Processing of Barium Titanate Powders and Thin Layer Dielectrics"; pp. 477-89 in Ceramic Transactions, Vol. 22, Ceramic Powder Science IV. Edited by S. Hirano, G. L. Messing, and H. Hausner. American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 1991.
3. W. S. Clabaugh, E. M. Swiggard, and R. Gilchrist, "Preparation of Barium Titanyl Oxalate Tetrahydrate for Conversion to Barium Titanate of High Purity," J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), 56 [5] 289-91 (1956).
4. M. P. Pechini, "Barium Titanium Citrate, Barium Titanate, and Processes for Producing Same," U.S. Pat. No. 3 231 328, Jan. 25, 1966.
5. M. S. Wu and T.T. Fang, "Morphology and Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Coprecipitated La-Ba-Cu Oxalate," Mater. Chem. Phys., 37, 278-83 (1994).
6. K. Fukai, K. Hikada, M. Aoki, and K. Abe, "Preparation and Properties of Uniform Fine Perovskite Powders by Hydrothermal Synthesis," Ceram. Int., 16, 285-90 (1990).
7. M. P. Pechini, "Method of Preparing Lead and Alkaline-Earth Titanates and Niobates and Coating Method Using the Same to Form a Capacitor," U.S. Pat. No. 3 330 697, July 11, 1967.
8. P. A. Lessing, "Mixed-Cation Oxide Powders via Polymeric Precursors," Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 68 [5] 1002-1007 (1989).
9. M. Kakihana, "Sol-Gel Preparation of High-Temperature Superconducting Oxides," J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 6, 7-55 (1996).
10. L.W. Tai and P. A. Lessing, "Modified Resin-Intermediate Processing of Perovskite Powders: Part I, Optimization of Polymeric Precursors," J. Mater. Res., 7 [2] 502-10 (1992).
11. S. Kumar and G. L. Messing, "Synthesis of Barium Titanate by a Basic pH Pechini Process," Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 271, 95-100 (1992).
12. S. Kumar, G. L. Messing, and W. B. White, "Metal Organic Resin Derived Barium Titanate: I, Formation of Barium Titanium Oxycarbonate Intermediate," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 76 [3] 617-24 (1993).
13. M. Arima, M. Kakihana, Y. Nakamura, M. Yashima, and M. Yoshimura, "Polymerized Complex Route to Barium Titanate Powders Using Barium-Titanium Mixed-Metal Citric Acid Complex," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 79 [11] 2847-56 (1996).
14. 3 and Other Ceramic Powders by Co-precipitation of Citrates in an Alcohol," Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 49 [11] 990-93 (1970).
15. D. Hennings and W. Mayr, "Thermal Decomposition of (Ba,Ti) Citrates into Barium Titanate," J. Solid State Chem., 26, 329-38 (1978).
16. 2O," Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 66 [4] 681-84 (1987).
17. J. P. Coutures, P. Odier, and C. Proust, "Barium Titanate Formation by Organic Resins Formed with Mixed Citrate," J. Mater. Sci., 27, 1849-56 (1992).
18. 3 from Citrate Precursor," J. Solid State Chem., 113, 239-47 (1994).
19. J. D. P. De Jesus, "Hydroxy Acids"; pp. 461-86 in Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry, Vol. 2, Ligands. Edited by Sir G. Wilkinson, R. D. Gillard, and J. A. McCleverty. Pergamon Press, Elmsford, NY, 1987.
20. D. H. Williams and I. Fleming, Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry, 4th ed., rev.; pp. 29-62. McGraw-Hill, London, 1989.
21. D. L. Pavia, G. M. Lampman, and G. S. Kriz, Introduction to Spectroscopy, 2nd ed.; pp. 14-95. Saunders College Publishing, Orlando, FL, 1996.
22. K. Nakamoto, Infrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds, 4th ed.; pp. 231-33. Wiley, New York, 1986.
23. 13C NMR Spectra," J. Phys. Chem., 91, 6128-36 (1987).
24. B. George and P. McIntyre, Infrared Spectroscopy; pp. 215-20. Wiley, London, 1987.
25. D. H. Williams and I. Fleming, Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry, 4th ed., rev.; p. 73. McGraw-Hill, London, 1989.
26. D. L. Pavia, G. M. Lampman, and G. S. Kriz, Introduction to Spectroscopy, 2nd ed.; p. 147. Saunders College Publishing, Orlando, 1996.
27. 13C NMR Spectroscopy, Monographs in Modern Chemistry, Vol. 5, 2nd ed.; pp. 67-92, Verlag Chemie, New York, 1978.
28. 1H FT NMR Spectra, Vol. 1, 1st ed.; pp. 786-814. Aldrich Chemical Co., Inc., Milwaukee, WI, 1993.
29. S. G. Cho, P. F. Johnson, and R. A. Condrate Sr., "Thermal Decomposition of (Sr,Ti) Organic Precursors during the Pechini Process," J. Mater. Sci., 25, 4738-44 (1990).
30. K. Nakamoto, Infrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds, 4th ed.; p. 476. Wiley, New York, 1986.
31. L. H. Little, A. V. Kiselev, and V. I. Lygin, Infrared Spectra of Adsorbed Species; pp. 47-88. Academic Press, New York, 1966.
32. J.-D. Tsay and T.-T. Fang, "Effect of the pH Value on the Chemistry of the Barium Titanium Citric Gel and its Thermal Decomposition Behavior," to be submitted to J. Am. Ceram. Soc.