Aluminum production paths in the new millennium

JOM

Volumn 51, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 24-28

  Welch, Barry J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALUMINUM; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ELECTROLYTES;

ELECTROLYTE-CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS; SLUDGE FORMATION;

SMELTING;

EID: 0032667971     PISSN: 10474838     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11837-999-0036-4     Document Type: Article

References (18)

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2. M. Keinbourg and J.P. Cuny, "Aluminium Pechiney 18 kA Prebake Pot - From Prototype To Potline," Light Metal 1982, ed. J.E. Anderson (Warrendale, PA: TMS, 1982), pp 449-460.
3. J. Caissy, G. Dufour, and P Lapointe, "On the Road to 325kA," Light Metals 1998, ed. B. Welch (Warrendale, PA TMS, 1998), pp. 215-219.
4. A.S. Russell, L.L. Knapp, and W.E. Haupin, U.S. Patent 3,725,222 (April 3, 1973).
5. N. Q. Minh and N.P. Yao, "The Electrolysis of Aluminiur Sulphide in Molten Fluorides," Light Metals 1984, ed. J.P McGeer (Warrendale, PA: TMS, 1984), pp. 643-650.
6. K. Motzfeldt et al., Carbothermal Production of Aluminium (Dusseldorf, Germany: Al Verlag Pub., 1989).
7. C.E. Ransley, "The Application of the Refractory Carbide and Borides to Aluminium Reduction Cells," Extractive Me of Aluminum, Vol. 2 Aluminum (New York: Interscience 1962), pp. 487-506.
8. C.J. McMinn, "A Review of RHM Cathode Development, Light Metals 1992, ed. E. Cutshall (Warrendale, PA: TMS 1992), pp. 419-425.
9. 2 Coating on Carbon Cathode Materials," Light Metal 1997, ed. R. Huglen (Warrendale, PA: TMS, 1997), pp. 279-286.
10. 2 Coated Aluminium Reduction Cells: Status and Future Directions of Coated Cells in Comalco," Proc. 6th Aust. Al Smelting Tech. Workshop, ed. B.J James, M. Skyllas-Kazacos, and B.J. Welch (Sydney, Australia: U. of N.S.W. and RACI, 1998), pp. 499-508.
11. F. Hiltmann and K. Seitz, "Titanium Diboride Plasma Coating of Carbon Cathode Materials," Light Metals 1998, ed B. Welch (Warrendale, PA: TMS, 1998), pp. 379-390.
12. H.A. Øye et al., "Reduction of Sodium Induced Stresse in Hall Heroult Cells," Aluminium, 72 (1996).
13. B.J. Welch, "Thermochemistry of Smelting Electrolyte and Cell Operations," 17th International Course on Process Metallurg of Aluminium (Trondheim, Norway: NTNU, May 1998), pp. 14-1-14-31.
14. T.M. Hyde and B.J. Welch, "The Gas Under Anodes in Aluminium Smelting Cells. Part I: Measuring and Modelling Bubble Resistance under Horizontally Oriented Electrodes, Light Metals 1997, ed. R. Huglen (Warrendale, PA: TMS 1997), p. 333-340.
15. H. Kvande, "Inert Electrodes in Aluminium Electrolysis Cells," Light Metals 1999, ed. C.E. Eckert (Warrendale, PA TMS, 1999), pp. 369-376.
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17. T.R. Beck, I. Rouser, and J. Thonstad, "Energy Efficiency Considerations on Monopolar Versus Bipolar Fused Sal Electrolysis Cells," Light Metals 1993, ed. S.K. Das (Warrendale, PA: TMS, 1993), pp. 485-491.
18. H. Alder, U.S. Patent 3,930,967 (January 1976).