Bismuth based oxide electrolytes - Structure and ionic conductivity

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

Volumn 19, Issue 10, 1999, Pages 1801-1826

  Sammes, N M ^a   Tompsett, G A ^b   Nafe H ^a   Aldinger, F ^a  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Bismuth oxide; Fuel cells; Ionic conductivity; Sensors; Thermal expansion.

Indexed keywords

BISMUTH COMPOUNDS; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DOPING (ADDITIVES); FUEL CELLS; IONIC CONDUCTION; IONS; OXYGEN SENSORS; PHASE TRANSITIONS; THERMAL EXPANSION;

BISMUTH OXIDE; OXIDE ELECTROLYTES; OXIDE ION;

ELECTROLYTES;

EID: 0032651672     PISSN: 09552219     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0955-2219(99)00009-6     Document Type: Review

References (187)

1. 3. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards-A. 68A:1964;189-206.
2. Guertler W. Über Wismutoxyd. Zeitschrift fur Anorganische Chemie. 37:1903;222-224.
3. 3-PbO. Gazzetta Chimica Italiana. 52:1922;160-164.
4. Sillen L.G. X-ray studies of bismuth trioxide. Arkiv för Kemi, Mineralogi och Geologi. 12A:1937;1-15.
5. Schumb, W. C. and Rittner, E. S., Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1943, 65, 1055-1060.
6. 3). Zeitschrift für Anorganishe und Allgemeine Chemie. 318:1962;176-189.
7. Aurivillius B., Sillen L.G. Polymorphy of bismuth trioxide. Nature (London). 155:1945;305-306.
8. Gattow G., Schutze D. Über ein Wismut(III)-oxid mit höherm sauerstoffgehalt (β-modifikation). Zeitschrift für Anorganishe und Allgemeine Chemie. 328:1964;44-68.
9. Rao C.N.R., Subba Rao G.V., Ramdas S. Phase transformations and electrical properties of bismuth sesquioxide. Journal of Physical Chemistry. 73:1969;672-675.
10. Matsuzaki R., Masumizu H., Saeki Y. Phase transition of bismuth (III) oxide on cooling. Denki Kagaku Oyobi Kogyo Butsuri. 42(11):1974;578-581.
11. Matsuzaki R., Masumizu H., Saeki Y. Phase transition of bismuth (III) oxide prepared by the thermal decomposition of bismuth sulfate. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. 48(11):1975;3367-3384.
12. Levin E.M., McDaniel C.L. Heat of transformation in Bi oxide determined by differential thermal analysis (DTA). Journal of Research National Bureau of Standards Section A. 69(3):1965;237-243.
13. 3. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 45:1962;355-360.
14. Kelley K.K. Contributions to the data on theoretical metullurgy. V. Heats of fusion of inorganic substances. United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, Bulletin. 393:1936;1-66.
15. Harwig H.A., Gerards A.G. The polymorphism of bismuth sesquioxide. Thermochimica Acta. 28:1979;121-131.
16. 3. Naturwissenschaften. 28:1940;206-207.
17. 3. Zeitschrift Kristallographie. A103:1941;274-290.
18. Malmos G. Crystal structure of α-bismuth trioxide. Acta Chemica Scandinavia. 24:1970;384-396.
19. Harwig H.A. On structure of bismuth sesquioxide: the α, β, γ, and δ-phase. Zeitschrift für Anorganishe und Allgemeine Chemie. 444:1978;151-166.
20. Malmos G., Thomas J.O. Least squares refinement based on profile analysis of powder film intensity data measured on an automatic microdensitomer. Journal of Applied Crystallography. 10:1977;7-11.
21. Cheetham A.K., Taylor J.C. Profile analysis of powder neutron diffraction data: its scope, limitations, and applications in solid state chemistry. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 21:1977;253-275.
22. Harwig H.A., Weenk J.W. Phase relations in bismuth sesquioxide. Zeitschrift für Anorganishe und Allgemeine Chemie. 444:1978;167-177.
23. Willis B.T.M. The anomalous behavior of the neutron reflections of fluorite. Acta Crystallographica. 18:1965;75-76.
24. Willis B.T.M. Neutron diffraction studies of the actinide oxides II: thermal motions of the atoms in uranium dioxide and thorium dioxide between room temperature and 1100°C. Proceedings of the Royal Society. A274:1963;134-144.
25. 3 system. Solid State Ionics. 3/4:1981;463-467.
26. Zav'yalova A.A., Imamov R.M. Cubic structure of δ-bismuth sesquioxide. Kristallografiya. 14:1969;331-333.
27. Medernach J.W., Snyder R.L. Powder diffraction patterns and structure of the bismuth oxides. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 61:1978;494-497.
28. Kilner, J. A. and Faktor, J. D. In Progress in Solid Electrolytes, eds T. A. Wheat, A. Ahmad and A. K. Kuriakose. Canada Centre for mineral and Energy Technology, Ottawa, 1983, p. 347.
29. Jacobs, P.W.M. and Mac Donaill, D. A., Computer simulation of δ -bismuth oxide. Solid State Ionics, 1986, 18&19, 209-213.
30. 3. I. Disorder. Solid State Inonics. 23:1987;279-293.
31. 3. II. Charge migration. Solid State Ionics. 23:1987;295-305.
32. 3. III. A comparative study of static lattice models. Solid State Ionics. 23:1987;307-318.
33. 3. Solid State Ionics. 89:1996;179-196.
34. Mac Donaill D.A., Jacobs P.W.M. On the lattice-parameter of some sesquioxides with the fluorite structure. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 84:1990;183-193.
35. 3). Solid State Ionics. 72:1994;79-85.
36. Mansfield R. The electrical properties of bismuth oxide. Proceedings of the Physical Society, London. 62B:1949;478-483.
37. Hauffe K., Peters H. Conductivity measurements in the system bismuth (III) oxide. Zeitschrift fuer Physikalische Chemie. 201:1952;121-209.
38. Takahashi T., Iwahara H., Nagai Y. High oxide ion conduction in sintered bismuth oxide containing strontium oxide, calcium oxide, or lanthanum oxide. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 2:1972;97-104.
39. Harwig H.A., Gerards A.G. Electrical properties of the. α, β, γ, and δ phases of bismuth sesquioxide Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 26:1978;265-274.
40. Shuk P., Mobius H.-H. Oxide-ion conducting electrolytes. 40. Transport numbers and electrical conductivity of modifications of bismuth (III) oxide. Zeitschift fuer Physikalische Chemie. 266:1985;9-16.
41. Mairesse, G., In Fast Ion Transport in Solids, ed. B. Scrosati, Kluver, Amsterdam, 1993, p. 271.
42. 3. Solid State Ionics. 21:1986;183-193.
43. 3) oxygen conductor. Journal of the Physical Society of Japan. 55:1986;2217-2231.
44. 3 oxide ion conductors. Journal of solid State Chemistry. 69:1987;230-239.
45. 3. Solid State Ionics. 40/41:1990;288-292.
46. 3 (Ln=La-Yd). Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 39:1981;173-180.
47. Shannon R.D., Prewitt C.T. Effective ionic radii in oxides and fluorides. Acta Crystallographica. B25:1969;925-946.
48. 3 (R=Y, Gd). Zeitschrift für Anorganishe und Allgemeine Chemie. 383:1971;328-337.
49. 3) Zeitschrift für Anorganishe und Allgemeine Chemie. 318:1962;176-189.
50. Takahashi T., Iwahara H., Arao T. High oxide ion conducting in sintered oxides of the system bismuth (III) oxide-yttrium oxide. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 5:1975;187-195.
51. Takahashi T., Iwahara H. Oxide ion conductors based on bismuth sesquioxide. Materials Research Bulletin. 13:1978;1447-1453.
52. 3 (fcc) from e.m.f measurements. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 10:1980;677-681.
53. Takahashi T., Esaka T., Iwahara H. Conduction in bismuth (III) oxide-based oxide ion conductors under low oxygen pressure. I. Current blackening of the bismuth (III) oxide-yttrium oxide electrolyte. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 7:1977;299-302.
54. 3) oxygen conductor at low temperatures. Physical Review. B28:1983;2125-2129.
55. 3 system. Solid State Ionics. 13:1984;135-140.
56. Joshi A.V., Kulkarni S., Nachlas J., Diamond J., Weber N. Phase-stability and oxygen transport characteristics of yttria-stabilized and niobia-stabilized bismuth oxide. Journal of Materials Science. 25:1990;1237-1245.
57. 3 (x=0·215-0·235. Solid State Ionics. 21:1986;287-291.
58. Kruidhof K., DeVries K.J., Burggraaf A.J. Thermochemical stability and non-stoichiometry of yttria-stabilized bismuth oxide solid-solutions. Solid State Ionics. 37:1990;213-215.
59. 3. Solid State Ionics. 25:1987;177-181.
60. 3 by an oxide additive? Solid State Ionics. 40/41:1990;889-892.
61. 3. Solid State Ionics. 25:1987;177-181.
62. 3 stabilization. Solid State Ionics, 1996, 86-88, 1427-1430.
63. Takahashi T., Iwahara H. High oxide ion conduction in sintered oxides of the system bismuth oxide-tungsten oxide. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 3:1973;65-72.
64. Takahashi T., Esaka T., Iwahara H. High oxide ion conduction in the sintered oxides of the system bismuth (III) oxide-gadolinium (III) oxide. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 5:1975;197-202.
65. Takahashi T., Esaka T., Iwahara H. Electrical conduction in the sintered oxides of the bismuth oxide-barium oxide systems. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 16:1976;317-323.
66. x as a function of x and temperature Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 63:1986;8-15.
67. 3 Journal of Physics. C16:1983;L561-566.
68. x (x=0·25) Solid State Ionics. 25:1987;63-70.
69. 3). Solid State Ionics, 1988, 28-30, 518-523.
70. Duran P., Jurado J.R., Moure C., Valverde N., Steele B.C.H. High oxygen ion conduction in some bismuth sesquioxide-yttrium sesquioxide (erbium sesquioxide) solid solutions. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 18:1987;287-294.
71. Wachsman, E. D., Jiang, N., Mason, D. M. and Stevenson, D. A., In SOFC I, ed. S. C. Singhal, Electrochem. Soc. Proc. Vol. 89-11, 1989, 15.
72. Waschsman E.D., Ball G.R., Jiang N., Stevenson D.A. Structural and defect studies in solid oxide electrolytes. Solid State Ionics. 52:1992;213-218.
73. 3-based electrolytes. Solid State Ionics. 52:1992;199-211.
74. 3-based oxide ion conductors with double stabilizers. Solid State Ionics, 1988, 28-30, 533-538.
75. Berezovsky J., Liu H.K., Dou S.X. Conductivity and microstructure of bismuth oxide-based electrolytes with enhanced stability. Solid State Ionics. 66:1993;201-206.
76. 2 solid solution oxide-ion electrolyte. Solid State Ionics. 89:1996;17-24.
77. 3 solid electrolytes containing aliovalent dopants. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 74(8):1991;1970-1980.
78. Keizer K., Verkerk M.J., Burggraaf A.J. Preparation and properties of new oxygen ion conductors for use at low temperatures. Ceramurgia International. 5:1979;143-147.
79. 3 ceramics. Journal of Materials Science. 17:1982;1095-1102.
80. 3 solid electrolyte. Materials Research Bulletin. 19:1984;613-619.
81. 3. Materials Research Bulletin. 21:1986;1215-1222.
82. 2 composites. Journal of Materials Science. 22:1987;2624-2628.
83. 3 system. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 128:1981;75-82.
84. Verkerk M.J., Keizer K., Burggraaf A.J. High oxygen ion conduction in sintered oxides of the bismuth oxide-erbium oxide system. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 10:1980;81-90.
85. Keizer K., Verkerk M.J., Burggraaf A.J. Preparation and properties of new oxygen ion conductors of the bismuth oxide-erbium oxide system. Ceramurgia International. 5:1979;143-147.
86. Nasanova S.N., Serbrennikov V.V., Natenov G.A. Preparation and some properties of rare earth bismuthites. Zhurnal Neoroganicheskoi Khimii. 18:1973;2350-2353.
87. Bouwmeester, H.J.M., Kruidhof, H., Burggraaf, A.J. and Gellings, P.J., Oxygen semipermeability of erbia-stabilized bismuth oxide. Solid State Ionics, 1992, 53-56, 460-468.
88. 2 electrolytes with platinum electrodes. Journal of the Electrochemistry Society. 130(1):1983;70-78.
89. Nagamoto H., Inoue H. Characteristics of electrode overpotential over doped bismuth oxide electrolyte. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 136(7):1989;2088-2093.
90. Verkerk M.J., van De Velde G.M.H., Burggraaf A.J., Helmholdt R.B. Structure and ionic conductivity of bismuth sesquioxide substituted with lanthanide oxides. Journal of the Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 43(12):1982;1129-1136.
91. 3 solid solutions. Solid State Ionics. 34:1989;235-242.
92. Vinke I.C., Bakiewicz J.L., Boukamp B.A., DeVries K.J., Burggraaf A.J. Oxygen transport and transfer properties of erbia-stabilized bismuth oxide. Solid State Ionics. 40/41:1990;886-888.
93. Vinke I.C., Boukamp B.A., de Vries K.J., Burggraaf A.J. Three-electrode current-voltage measurements on ebia-stabilized bismuth oxide with sputtered noble mental electrodes. Solid State Ionics. 51:1992;249-259.
94. Kruidhof H., van de Velde G.M.H., Seshan K., de Vries K.J., Burggraaf A.J. Bismuth oxide based ceramics with improved electrical and mechanical-properties. 2. Structural and mechanical-properties. Materials Research Bulletin. 23:1988;371-377.
95. Kruidhof H., Boumeester H.J.M., de Vries K.J., Gellings P.J., Burggraaf A.J. Thermochemical stability and nonstiochiometry of erbia-stabilized bismuth oxide. Solid State Ionics. 50:1992;181-186.
96. 3 oxide-ion conductors Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 67:1987;42-50.
97. 3 oxide ion conductors. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 69:1987;30-35.
98. Barker W.W., Graham J., Parks T.C., Speed T.P. Electrostatic energy of disorded distributions of vacancies or altervalent ions. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 22:1977;321-329.
99. 3. Solid State Ionics. 1:1980;411-423.
100. 2 systems (Ln=La, Sm, Gd, Er). Solid State Ionics. 39:1990;297-304.
101. 1·5 using single-crystal x-ray-diffraction and powder neutron-diffraction. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 80:1989;133-143.
102. 3) system. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 128(1):1981;75-82.
103. Tare V.B., Schmalzried H. Ion and electron conductivity of some rare earth oxides. Zeitschrift fuer Physikalische Chemie, N.F. 43:1964;30-32.
104. 3 (Ln=Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy) into a new phase with a C-type rare-earth oxide-related structure. Solid State Ionics. 79:1995;84-88.
105. 3 (Ln=Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, and Dy). Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 120:1995;32-37.
106. x by X-ray and EXAFS analysis. Solid State Ionics, 1986, 18&19, 720-724.
107. 3·5. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 15:1985;447-451.
108. 3(x=0·205-0·245. Solid State Ionics. 3:1989;35-39.
109. 3. Journal of the Electrochemistry Society. 124:1977;1563-1569.
110. Powers, V. J., Ph D. thesis, Ohio State University, 1989.
111. 3-PbO. Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii. 8:1963;1213-1223.
112. 31. Ukainskii. Fizicheskii. Zhurnal. 28:1983;1091-1093.
113. Blinovskov Ya. N., Fotiev A.A. Bismuth (3+) oxide-vanadium pentoxide system. Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii. 32:1987;254-256.
114. 5 system and crystal data about some bismuth vanadates. Thermochimica Acta. 133:1988;61-66.
115. 5 system. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 76:1988;904-1300.
116. 5 system. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 87:1990;44-54.
117. 5. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 122:1996;358-363.
118. 44·5 (M=P and V) - new oxide-ion conductors with triclinic structure based on a pseudo-fcc subcell. Solid State Ionics. 75:1997;81-96.
119. 4 samples having the scheelite structure. Solid State Ionics. 21:1986;339-342.
120. Debreuille-Gresse, M. F., Ph.D. thesis, The University of Lille, 1986.
121. 4). Materials Research Bulletin. 14:1979;1571-1581.
122. 4). Phase Transitions. 1:1979;155-169.
123. Pinczuk A., Welber B., Dacol F.H. Mechanism of the ferroelastic transition of bismuth vanadate. Solid State Communications. 29:1979;515-518.
124. 3 oxides with defect pyrochlore structure. Solid State Communications. 17:1975;545-547.
125. 4. Solid State Ionics. 57:1992;83-89.
126. Boukamp B.A., van Dijk M.P., DeVries K.J., Burggraaf A.J. Electrochemical properties of nonstoichiometric solid oxides. Advanced Ceramics. 23:1987;445-453.
127. Burggraaf, A. J., Boukamp, B. A., Vinke, I. C. and De Vries, K. J., In Advances in Solid State Chemistry, vol. 1, ed. C. R. A. Catlow, JAI Press, London, 1989, p 259.
128. 11 an oxide with a layered structure. Solid State Ionics, 1988, 28-30, 529-532.
129. Abraham F., Boivin J.C., Mairesse G., Nowogrocki G. The BIMEVOX series: a new family of high performance oxide ion conductors. Solid State Ionics. 40/41:1990;934-937.
130. 9. Arkiv. Kemi. 1:1949;463-480.
131. 11, solid solutions. Solid State Ionics. 62:1993;193-198.
132. Iharada T., Hammouche A., Foultier J., Kleitz M., Boivin J.C., Mairesse G. Electrochemical characterization of BIMEVOX oxide-ion conductors. Solid State Ionics. 48:1991;257-265.
133. Reiselhuber K., Dorner G., Breiter M.W. Studies of BICUVOX.10 by conductivity measurements and differential thermal analysis. Electrochimica Acta. 38:1993;969-973.
134. 11 -3x, M=Cu, Ni. Physica B., 1992180-181, 621-623.
135. 11 compounds. Solid State Ionics. 70/71:1994;259-263.
136. Francklin A.J., Chadwick A.V., Couves J.W. Thermoelectric power studies of bismuth based oxides. Solid State Ionics. 70/71:1994;215-220.
137. 11. Solid State Ionics. 58:1992;359-362.
138. Goodenough J.B., Manthiram A., Paranthaman P., Zhen Y.S. Fast oxide-ion conduction in intergrowth structures. Solid State Ionics. 52:1992;105-109.
139. 11. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 103:1993;441-446.
140. Vannier, R.N., Mairesse, G., Nowogrocki, G., Abraham, F. and Boivin, J.C., Electrical and structural investigations on a new bismuth lead vanadium oxide solid electrolyte, Solid State Ionics, 199253-56, 713-722.
141. 11. Solid State Ionics. 70/71:1994;248-252.
142. III). Solid State Ionics. 83:1996;199-207.
143. Lazure S., Vernochet Ch., Vannier R.N., Nowogrocki G., Mairesse G. Composition dependence of oxide anion conduction in the BIMEVOX family. Solid State Ionics. 90:1996;117-123.
144. Abrahams I., Krok F., Nelstrop J.A.G. Defect structure of quenched γ-BICOVOX by combined X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. Solid State Ionics. 90:1996;57-65.
145. Krok, F., Abrahams, I., Bangobango, D.G., Bogusz, W. and Nelstrop, J.A.G., Electrical and structural study of BICOVOX. Solid State Ionics, 1996, 86-88, 261-266.
146. Krok F., Bogusz W., Jakubowski W., Dygas J.R., Bangobango D. Studies on preparation and electrical conductivity of BICOVOX. Solid State Ionics. 70/71:1994;211-214.
147. Kurek, P. and Breiter, M.W., Thermal stability and ionic conductivity of the BIMEVOX.10 ceramic (ME=Zn, Ni). Solid State Ionics, 1996, 86-88, 131-135.
148. 11:M:M=La, Y, Mg, B. Solid State Ionics, 1996, 86-88, 235-239.
149. v). Solid State Ionics. 73:1994;309-318.
150. 11 -x/2(M=Ti, Zr, Sn, Pb). Solid State Ionics. 81:1995;225-233.
151. 11. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 103:1993;441-446.
152. 11. Solid State Ionics. 90:1996;105-110.
153. Boivin J.C., Thomas D.J. Structural investigations on bismuth-based mixed oxides. Solid State Ionics. 3/4:1981;457-462.
154. 3-CaO. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 18:1976;133-140.
155. 3-SrO. Revue de Chimie Minérale. 15:1978;153-159.
156. 1·422. Solid State Ionics, 1983, 9&10, 925-928.
157. 3) electrolyte. Solid State Ionics. 15:1985;241-2146.
158. Sillen L.G., Aurivillius B. Oxide phases with a defect oxygen lattice. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie. 101:1939;483-495.
159. Suzuki T., Dansui Y., Shirai T., Tsubaki C. Defect structure and electrical conductivity in rapidly-quenched and slowly-cooled rhombohedral solid solutions of the system bismuth (III) oxide-barium oxide. Journal of Materials Science. 20:1985;3125-3130.
160. Aurivillius R., Sillen L.G. Polymorphy of bismuth trioxide. Nature. 155:1945;305-306.
161. Boivin J.C., Thomas D., Tridot G. Contribution à l'étude du système de bismuth-oxide de plomb. Comptus Rendus Academe Sciences Paris, Series C. 268:1969;1149-1151.
162. 3-PbO: identification et évolution en fonction de la température. Comptus Rendus Academe Sciences Paris, Series C. 278:1974;865-867.
163. Sammes N.M., Tompsett G., Cartner A.M. Characterization of bismuth lead oxide by vibrational spectroscopy. Journal of Materials Science. 30:1995;4299-4308.
164. Honnart, F., Boivin, J.C., Thomas, D. and DeVries, K.J., Bismuth-lead oxide, a new highly conductive oxygen material. Solid State Ionics, 1983, 9&10, 921-924.
165. Boivin, J. C., These d'Etat, Lille, 1975.
166. 3-PbO par la méthode des impédances complexes. Comptus Rendus Academe Sciences Paris, Series C. 290:1980;279-282.
167. Sammes N.M., Philips R.J., Fee M.G. Phase stability and ionic conductivity in bismuth lead (antimony) oxide. Solid State Ionics. 69:1994;121-126.
168. Sammes N.M., Phillips R.J., Fee M.G., Ratnaraj R. Improved mechanical properties of bismuth lead oxide. Journal of Materials Science Letters. 13:1994;1395-1396.
169. 17. Solid State Ionics. 95:1997;183-189.
170. 17. Solid State Communications. 96:1995;545-548.
171. x. Solid State Ionics, 1996, 86-88, 125-130.
172. 17. In SOFC V, ed. U. Stimming, S. C. Singhal, H. Tagawa and W. Lehnert, 1997, pp. 1051-1056.
173. Du, Y., Sammes, N. M., Tompsett, G. and Zhang, Y., Phase equilibria of bismuth lead antimony oxide. Solid State Ionics, 1999, in press.
174. Dumélié, M., Nowogrocki, G. and Boivin, J.C., Ionic conductor membrane for oxygen separation. Solid State Ionics, 1988, 28-30, 524-528.
175. Fee, M.G. and Long, N.J., Mixed conductivity in metal-doped bismuth-lead oxide. Solid State Ionics, 1996, 86-88, 733-737.
176. 4 (M=Pd, Pt) linear chain compounds. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 46:1985;297-299.
177. 3-PbO system. Solid State Ionics. 40/41:1990;929-933.
178. Drache M., Conflant P., Boivin J.C. Anoinic conduction properties of
179. 3. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 7:1977;31-35.
180. 3. Solid State Ionics. 13:1984;237-239.
181. 15. Solid State Ionics. 16:1985;201-210.
182. Hoda S.N., Chang L.L.Y. Phase relations in the system bismuth (III) oxide-tungsten (VI) oxide. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 57:1974;323-326.
183. 3 and its solid solution. Solid State Chemistry. 60:1985;252-257.
184. 11. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 12:1982;235-240.
185. 11. Solid State Ionics. 62:1993;179-184.
186. Shuk P., Jacobs S., Mobius H.H. Mischassen des Bismuthtoxids mit terbium-und praseodymiumoxid. Zeitschrift für Anorganishe und Allgemeine Chemie. 524:1985;144-156.
187. 2(M=Ti, Sn, Zr, Te). Solid State Ionics. 36:1989;129-132.