A warm-liquid calorimeter for cosmic-ray hadrons

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

Volumn 427, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 528-542

  Engler, J ^a   Fessler, F ^a   Horandel J R ^a   Holst, T ^a   Keim, H ^a   Mathes, H J ^a   Mielke, H H ^a,b   Milke, J ^a   Raidt, U ^a,c   Wochele, J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KARLSRUHE   (Germany)

^b Hewlett Packard GmbH   (Germany)

^c NOKIA RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Cosmic ray hadrons; Hadron sampling calorimeter; Hadronic shower simulation; Liquid ionisation chambers; TMP calorimeter; TMS calorimeter

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; COSMIC RAY DETECTORS; ELECTRON TRANSITIONS; HYDROCARBONS; IONIZATION CHAMBERS; MONTE CARLO METHODS; SILANES; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS;

COSMIC RAY HADRONS; FLUKA CODE; HADRON SAMPLING CALORIMETER; HADRONIC SHOWER SIMULATION; IRON SAMPLING CALORIMETER; LIQUID IONIZATION CHAMBERS;

CALORIMETERS;

EID: 0032626210     PISSN: 01689002     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(99)00051-0     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. P. Doll et al., The Karlsruhe Cosmic Ray Project KASCADE, KfK 4686, Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 1990.
2. H.O. Klages et al., Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.) 52B (1997) 92.
3. H.H. Mielke et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 360 (1995) 367.
4. P.A. Aarmio et al., FLUKA user's guide. Technical Report, TIS-RP-190, CERN, 1987, 1990.
5. FLUKA: Hadronic benchmarks and applications, Proceedings MC 93, International. Conference on Monte Carlo Simulation in High-Energy and Nuclear Physics, Tallahassee, Flo, 22-26 February 1993.
6. M. Brendle, U. Raidt, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 412 (1998) 420.
7. J. Engler, J. Phys. G. 22 (1996) 1.
8. J. Engler, J. Knapp, G. Vater, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 327 (1993) 102.
9. J. Engler, D. Moucka, J. Wochele, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 100 (1995) 183.
10. W.J. Willis, V. Radeka, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. 120 (1974) 221.
11. V. Radeka, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-21 (1974) 51.
12. G. Gatti, P.F. Manfredi, D. Marioli, Nucl. Instr. Meth. 193 (1982) 539.
13. C. Bacci et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 273 (1988) 321.
14. C. Bacci et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth A 279 (1989) 169.
15. H. Leich, Transputer Based VME Controller, IfH DESY Zeuthen, 1991, unpublished.
16. J. Hörandel, Kalibration von TMS-Ionisationskammern mit Myonen der Höhenstrahlung und Messung des Myonenflusses, KfK 5320, Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 1994.
17. J. Engler et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 311 (1992) 479.
18. J. Engler et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth A 327 (1993) 128.
19. B. Aubert et al, Walic Collaboration, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 316 (1992) 165.
20. GEANT 3.15, Detector Description and Simulation Tool, CERN Program Library Long Writeup W5013, CERN, 1993.
21. J. Engler et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 320 (1992) 460.
22. V.F. Yakovlev, Proceedings of the seventh International Symposium on very High Energy Cosmic-ray Interactions, Ann Arbor, American Institute of Physics, 1992, p. 154, ISBN 1-56396-038-9.