Influence of temperature and holding time on hexavalent chromium formation during leather combustion

Journal of the Society of Leather Technologies and Chemists

Volumn 83, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 135-138

  Ferreira, M J ^a   Almeida, M F ^b   Pinto, T ^c  

^a Centro Tecnologico do Calcado   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PORTO   (Portugal)

^c NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHROMIUM; IGNITION; TANNING; THERMAL EFFECTS;

HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM;

LEATHER;

EID: 0032595054     PISSN: 01440322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. a Conferência Nacional sobre a Qualidade do Ambiente, 1996, 2, 1155.
2. Ferreira, M. J., "Uma Contribuição para a Gestão de Residuos de Couro Curtidos ao Crómio", Master thesis, Universidade do Minho, 1996.
3. rd International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics, 1998, 2, 761.
4. Vitale, R. J., Mussoline, G. R., Petura, J. C. et al., "Cr(VI) Soil Analytical Method: A Reliable Analytical Method for Extracting and Quantifying Cr(VI) in Soils", Journal of Soil Contamination, 1997, 6, 581.
5. Anderson, R. A., "Essential Nature of Chromium in Humans", Sci. Tot. Environ., 1989, 86, 75.
6. James, B. R., Petura, J. C., Vitale, R. J. et al., "Hexavalent Chromium Extraction from Soils: a Comparison of Five Methods", Environ. Sci. Technol., 1995, 29, 2377.
7. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, U.S.EPA Rep. 600/4-79-020, 1983.
8. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Wastes, Physical/Chemical Methods, SW 846, 2nd ed., 1984.
9. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Determination of Stable Valence States of Chromium in Aqueous and Solid Matrices -Experimental Verification of Chemical Behaviour, U.S.EPA Rep. 600/4-86-039, 1986.
10. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Wastes, Physical/Chemical Methods, SW 846, 3rd ed., 1996.
11. Nazario, C. L. and Menden, E. E., "Comparative Study of Analytical Methods for Hexavalent Chromium", J. Amer. Leather Chem. Ass., 1990, 85, 212.
12. Gutknecht, W. R., et al., "Evaluation of Methods for Determining Hexavalent Chromium in Extracts of Industrial Wastes", Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Contract n. 68-03-3099, 1993.
13. Menden, E. E., Rutland, F. H. and Kallenberger, W. E., "Determination of Cr(VI) in Tannery Waste by Chelation-Extraction Method", J. Amer. Leather Chem. Ass., 1990, 85, 112.
14. Rutland, F. H., Kallenberger, W. E., Menden, E. E. et al., "Problems Associated with Hexavalent Chromium", J. Amer. Leather Chem. Ass., 1990, 85, 72.