Postal urine specimens: Are they a feasible method for genital chlamydial infection screening?[1]

British Journal of General Practice

Volumn 49, Issue 443, 1999, Pages 455-458

  Macleod, John ^a   Rowsell, Rachel ^d   Horner, Paddy ^d   Crowley, Tessa ^d   Caul, E Owen ^b   Nicola, Low ^c   Davey Smith, George ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b PUBLIC HEALTH ENGLAND   (United Kingdom)

^c KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^d NONE

Author keywords

Chlamydia trachomatis; Population screening; Postal questionnaire; Postal urine specimen collection

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS; CHLAMYDIASIS; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DENMARK; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY; FEMALE; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GROUP PRACTICE; HUMAN; LIFESTYLE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MASS SCREENING; PILOT STUDY; QUESTIONNAIRE; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; UNITED KINGDOM; URBAN AREA; URINALYSIS; ADOLESCENT; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; MALE; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; POSTAL MAIL;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CHLAMYDIA INFECTIONS; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; MALE; MASS SCREENING; POSTAL SERVICE; QUESTIONNAIRES; SPECIMEN HANDLING;

EID: 0032589652     PISSN: 09601643     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre. Sexually transmitted disease quarterly report 1995; 5: 122-123.
2. Stokes T. Screening for Chlamydia in general practice: a literature review and summary of the evidence. J Public Health Med 1997; 19(2): 222-232.
3. Sanders JW, Hook EW, Welsh LE, et al. Evaluation of enzyme immuno-assay for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in urine of asymptomatic men. J Clin Microbiol 1994; 32: 24-27.
4. Grun L, Tassano-Smith J, Carder C, et al. Comparison of two methods of screening for genital chlamydial infection in women attending in general practice: cross sectional survey. BMJ 1997; 315: 226-230.
5. Johnson AM, Grun L, Haines A. Controlling genital chlamydial infection. BMJ 1996; 313: 1160-1161.
6. Taylor Robinson D. Chlamydia trachomatis and sexually transmitted disease: what do we know and what shall we do? BMJ 1994; 308: 150-151.
7. Chief Medical Officer's Expert Advisory Group. Chlamydia trachomatis. London: Department of Health, 1998.
8. Bower H. Britain launches pilot screening programme for chlamydia. BMJ 1998; 316: 1479.
9. Ripa T. Epidemiologic control of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Scand J Infect Dis 1990; 69(suppl): 157-167.
10. Egger M, Low N, Davey Smith G, et al. Ectopic pregnancy and the control of genital chlamydial infection in a Swedish county: ecological study. BMJ 1998; 316: 1776-1780.
11. Scholes D, Stergachis A, Heidrich FE, et al. Prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease by screening for cervical chlamydial infection. New Engl J Med 1996; 334: 1362-1366.
12. Abter EIM, Mahmud MA. Screening for Chlamydia to prevent pelvic inflammatory disease. [Letter.] New Engl J Med 1996; 335: 1531.
13. Paul ID, Caul EO. Evaluation of three Chlamydia trachomatis immunoassays with an unbiased, non-invasive clinical sample. J Clin Microbiol 1990; 28: 220-222.
14. Lee H, Chernesky MA, Schacter J, et al. Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis genitourinary infection in women by ligase chain reaction assay of urine. Lancet 1995; 345: 213-216.
15. Chernesky MA, Jang D, Lee H, et al. Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in men and women by testing first void urine by ligase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 1994; 32: 2540-2543.
16. Østergaard L, Møller JK, Andersen B, Olesen F. Diagnosis of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women based on mailed samples obtained at home: multipractice comparative study. BMJ 1996; 313: 1186-1189.
17. Tabrizi SN, Paterson BA, Fairley CK, et al. A self-administered technique for the detection of sexually transmitted diseases in remote communities. J Infect Dis 1997; 176: 289-292.
18. Schepetiuk S, Kok T, Martin L, et al. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in urine samples by nucleic acid tests: comparison with culture and enzyme immunoassay of genital swab specimens. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35: 3355-3357.
19. Stary A. Chlamydia screening: which sample for which technique? Genitourin Med 1997; 73: 99-102.
20. Stamm WE. Expanding efforts to prevent chlamydial infection. New Engl J Med 1998; 339(11): 768.
21. Bowling A, Jacobson B. Screening: the inadequacy of population registers. BMJ 1989; 298: 545-546.
22. Robson J, Falshaw M. Audit of preventive activities in 16 inner London practices using a validated measure of patient population: the active patient denominator. Healthy Eastenders Project. Br J Gen Pract 1995; 45: 463-466.
23. Dickson N, Paul C, Herbison P. Where young people with multiple sexual partners seek medical care: implications for screening for chlamydial infection. Sex Transm Infect 1998; 74: 445-447.
24. Hadgu A. The discrepancy in discrepant analysis. Lancet 1996; 348: 592-593.
25. Hadgu A. Discrepant analysis and screening for Chlamydia trachomatis. Lancet 1996; 348: 1309.
26. Schachter J, Stamm WE, Quinn TC. Discrepant analysis and screening for Chlamydia trachomatis. Lancet 1996; 348: 1308-1309.
27. Horner PJ, Crowley T, Leece J, et al. Chlamydia trachomatis detection and the menstrual cycle. Lancet 1998; 351: 341-342.
28. van der Graaf Y, Vooijs GP. False negative rate in cervical cytology J Clin Pathol 1987; 40: 438-442.