Causes of mortality and non-fatal conditions among grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) found dead on the coasts of England, Wales and the Isle of Man

Veterinary Record

Volumn 142, Issue 22, 1998, Pages 595-601

  Baker, J R ^a,d   Jepson, P D ^b   Simpson, V R ^c   Kuiken, T ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL   (United Kingdom)

^b INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^c VETERINARY LABORATORIES AGENCY   (United Kingdom)

^d The Dormie   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GRYPUS; HALICHOERUS GRYPUS; PHOCIDAE;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ARTICLE; CAUSE OF DEATH; DYSTONIA; FEMALE; INJURY; MALE; MORTALITY; PHOCA; PNEUMONIA; STARVATION; UNITED KINGDOM;

ANIMALS; CAUSE OF DEATH; DYSTONIA; ENGLAND; FEMALE; MALE; MORTALITY; PNEUMONIA; SEALS, EARLESS; STARVATION; WALES; WOUNDS AND INJURIES;

EID: 0032580589     PISSN: 00424900     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/vr.142.22.595     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. ANDERSON, S. S., BONNER, W. N., BAKER, J. R. & RICHARDS, R. (1974) Journal of Zoology, London 174, 429
2. APPLEBY, E. C. (1964) Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 89, 201
3. BAKER, J. R. (1980) British Veterinary Journal 136, 443
4. BAKER, J. R. (1984) Journal of Zoology, London 203, 23
5. BAKER, J. R. (1987) British Veterinary Journal 143, 203
6. BAKER, J. R. (1988) British Veterinary Journal 144, 497
7. BAKER, J. R. (1989) Veterinary Record 125, 500
8. BAKER, J. R. & BAKER, R. (1988) Journal of Zoology, London 216, 529
9. BAKER, J. R., ANDERSON, S. S., PRIME, J. H. & BAIRD, A. (1980) British Veterinary Journal 136, 401
10. BERGMAN, A. & OLSSON, M. (1984) Proceedings of the Symposium on the seals in the Baltic and Eurasian Lakes, Savonlinna 1
11. BERGMAN, A., OLSSON, M. & REILAND, S. (1992) Ambio 21, 517
12. BONNER, W. N. (1970) NERC Publication Series C No. 1. p 1
13. BRADBURY, J. M. (1977) Journal of Clinical Microbiology 5, 531
14. CARTER, G. R. (1979) Diagnostic procedures in veterinary bacteriology and mycology. 3rd edn. Springfield, Illinois, Charles C. Thomas
15. CROXALL, J. P., RODWELL, S. & BOYD, I. L. (1990) Marine Mammal Science 6, 221
16. DE SWART, R. L., ROSS, P. S., VOS, J. S. & OSTERHAUS, A. D. M. E. (1996) Environmental Health Perspectives 104, 823
17. EKKER, M., LORENTSEN, S-H. & RØV, N. (1992) Marine Pollution Bulletin 24, 92
18. FARMER, A. S. & ROBERTS, D. (1971) Marine Biological Station, Port Erin, Isle of Man. Annual Report No. 83 for 1970
19. FOWLER, C. W. (1987) Marine Pollution Bulletin 18, 326
20. FRASCA, S., DUNN, J. L. & VAN KRUININGEN, H. J. (1996) Journal of Wildlife Diseases 32, 548
21. GULLAND, F. M. D., TRUPKIEWICZ, J. G., SPRANKER, T. R. & LOWENSTINE, L. J. (1996a) Journal of Wildlife Diseases 32, 250
22. GULLAND, F. M. D., WERNER, L., O'NEILL, S., LOWENSTINE, L. J., TRUPKIEWITZ, J., SMITH, D., ROYAL, B. & STRUBEL, I. (1996b) Journal of Wildlife Diseases 32, 536
23. HARCOURT, R., AURIOLES, D. & SANCHEZ, J. (1994) Marine Mammal Science 10, 122
24. JUNIN, M. & CASTELLO, H. P. (1995) Marine Mammal Science 11, 403
25. KUIKEN, T. & BAKER, J. R. (1991) Guidelines for the postmortem and tissue sampling of seals. London, Zoological Society of London
26. LANDY, R. B. (1980) The comparative pathology of zoo animals. Eds R. J. Montali, G. Migaki, Washington, Smithsonian Institute Press. p 579
27. LAW, R. J. (1994) MAFF Fisheries Research Technical Report No. 97, Lowestoft, Directorate of Fisheries Research, p 13
28. NETTLETON, P. F., MUNRO, R., POW, I., GILRAY, J., GRAY, E. W. & REID, H. W. (1995) Veterinary Record 137, 562
29. NORDØY, E. S. (1995) Polar Research 14, 335
30. OGILVIE, A. G. (1957) Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland 12, 134
31. PEMBERTON, D., BROTHERS, N. P. & KIRKWOOD, R. (1992) Wildlife Research 19, 151
32. QUINN, D. J., CARTER, M E., MARKEY, B. & CARTER, G. R. (1994) Clinical Veterinary Microbiology. London, Wolfe Publishing
33. ROSENDAL, S. & BLACK, F. T. (1979) Acta Pathologia et Microbiologia Scandinavica, section B 80, 615
34. ROSS, P. S., DE SWART, R. L., ADDISON, R., LOVERN, H. V., VOS, J. G. & OSTERHAUS, A. D. M. E. (1996) Toxicology 112, 157
35. RUHNKE, H. L. & MADOFF, S. (1992) International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 42, 211
36. ST AUBIN, D. J. (1990) Sea mammals and oil: confronting the risks. Eds J. R. Geraci, D. J. St Aubin. San Diego, Academic Press, p 103
37. SIMPSON, V. R., STUART, N. C., STACK, M. J., ROSS, H. A. & HEAD, J. C. H. (1994) Veterinary Record 134, 292
38. SPRAKER, T. R., LOWRY, L. F. & FROST, K. (1994) Marine mammals and the Exxon Valdez. Ed T. R. Loughlin. San Diego, Academic Press, p 281
39. STACK, M. J., SIMPSON, V. R. & SCOTT, A. C. (1993) Veterinary Record 132, 163
40. STROUD, R. K. (1979) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 175, 924
41. SWEENEY, J. C. (1974) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 165, 805
42. VAN HAAFTEN, J. L. (1982) Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde 89, 201