Gauge theories from orientifolds and large-N limit

Nuclear Physics B

Volumn 529, Issue 1-2, 1998, Pages 157-179

  Kakushadze, Zurab ^a,b  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032575842     PISSN: 05503213     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00366-6     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. [1] M. Bershadsky, Z. Kakushadze and C. Vafa, String expansion as large-N expansion of gauge theories, hep-th/9803076.
2. [2] G. 't Hooft, A planar diagram theory for strong interactions, Nucl. Phys. B 72 (1974) 461.
3. [3] E. Witten, Chern-Simons gauge theory as a string theory, hep-th/9207094.
4. [4] S. Kachru and E. Silverstein, 4d conformal field theories and strings on orbifolds, hep-th/9802183.
5. [5] A. Lawrence, N. Nekrasov and C. Vafa, On conformal theories in four dimensions, hep-th/9803015.
6. [6] L.E. Ibáñez, A chiral D = 4, N = 1 string vacuum with a finite low energy effective field theory, hep-th/9802103.
7. [7] A. Hanany, M.J. Strassler and A.M. Uranga, Finite theories and marginal operators on the brane, hep-th/9803086.
8. [8] D.A. Kosower, B.-H. Lee and V.P. Nair, Multi gluon scattering: a string based calculation, Phys. Lett. B 201 (1988) 85; Z. Bern and D.A. Kosower, Efficient calculation of one loop QCD amplitudes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 1669.
9. [8] D.A. Kosower, B.-H. Lee and V.P. Nair, Multi gluon scattering: a string based calculation, Phys. Lett. B 201 (1988) 85; Z. Bern and D.A. Kosower, Efficient calculation of one loop QCD amplitudes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 1669.
10. [9] Z. Bern, L. Dixon, D.C. Dunbar, M. Perelstein and J.S. Rozowsky, On the relationship between Yang-Mills theory and gravity and its implication for ultraviolet divergences, hep-th/9802162.
11. [10] I.R. Klebanov, World volume approach to absorption by non-dilatonic branes, Nucl. Phys. B 496 (1997) 231, hep-th/9702076.
12. [11] S.S. Gubser and I.R. Klebanov, Absorption by branes and Schwinger terms in the world volume theory, Phys. Lett. B 413 (1997) 41, hep-th/9708005.
13. [12] J.M. Maldacena, The large-N limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity, hep-th/9711200.
14. [13] S.S. Gubser, I.R. Klebanov and A.M. Polyakov, Gauge theory correlators from non-critical string theory, hep-th/9802109.
15. [14] G.T. Horowitz and H. Ooguri, Spectrum of large-N gauge theory from supergravity, hep-th/9802116.
16. [15] E. Witten, Anti-de Sitter space and holography, hep-th/9802150; Anti-de sitter space, thermal phase transition, and confinement in gauge theories, hep-th/9803131.
17. [15] E. Witten, Anti-de Sitter space and holography, hep-th/9802150; Anti-de sitter space, thermal phase transition, and confinement in gauge theories, hep-th/9803131.
18. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
19. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
20. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
21. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
22. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
23. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
24. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
25. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
26. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
27. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
28. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
29. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
30. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
31. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
32. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
33. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
34. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
35. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
36. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
37. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
38. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
39. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
40. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
41. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
42. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
43. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
44. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
45. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
46. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
47. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
48. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
49. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
50. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
51. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
52. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
53. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
54. 5 as N = 4 'primary' superfields, hep-th/9803171; I.V. Volovich, Large-N gauge theories and anti-de Sitter bag model, hep-th/9803174; F. Brandt, J. Gomis and J. Simon, D-string on near horizon geometries and infinite conformal symmetry, hep-th/9803196.
55. [17] V. Kaplunovsky, One-loop threshold effects in string unification, Nucl. Phys. B 307 (1988) 145; ERRATA for one-loop threshold effects in string unification, Nucl. Phys. B 382 (1992) 436, hep-th/9205068.
56. [17] V. Kaplunovsky, One-loop threshold effects in string unification, Nucl. Phys. B 307 (1988) 145; ERRATA for one-loop threshold effects in string unification, Nucl. Phys. B 382 (1992) 436, hep-th/9205068.
57. [18] Z. Kakushadze, G. Shiu and S.-H.H. Tye, Type IIB orientifolds, F-theory, type I strings on orbifolds and type I - heterotic duality, preprint CLNS 98/1549, HUTP-97/A044, NUB 3168, to appear.
58. M Orientifolds, hep-th/9708040.
59. [20] G. Pradisi and A. Sagnotti, Open string orbifolds, Phys. Lett. B 216 (1989) 59; M. Bianchi and A. Sagnotti, On the systematics of open string theories, Phys. Lett. B 247 (1990) 517; Twist symmetry and open string Wilson lines, Nucl. Phys. B 361 (1991) 519.
60. [20] G. Pradisi and A. Sagnotti, Open string orbifolds, Phys. Lett. B 216 (1989) 59; M. Bianchi and A. Sagnotti, On the systematics of open string theories, Phys. Lett. B 247 (1990) 517; Twist symmetry and open string Wilson lines, Nucl. Phys. B 361 (1991) 519.
61. [20] G. Pradisi and A. Sagnotti, Open string orbifolds, Phys. Lett. B 216 (1989) 59; M. Bianchi and A. Sagnotti, On the systematics of open string theories, Phys. Lett. B 247 (1990) 517; Twist symmetry and open string Wilson lines, Nucl. Phys. B 361 (1991) 519.
62. [21] E.G. Gimon and J. Polchinski, Consistency conditions for orientifolds and D-manifolds, Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 1667, hep-th/9601038.
63. [22] E.G. Gimon and C.V. Johnson, K3 Orientifolds, Nucl. Phys. B 477 (1996) 715, hep-th/9604129; A. Dabholkar and J. Park, Strings on orientifolds, Nucl. Phys. B 477 (1996) 701, hep-th/9604178.
64. [22] E.G. Gimon and C.V. Johnson, K3 Orientifolds, Nucl. Phys. B 477 (1996) 715, hep-th/9604129; A. Dabholkar and J. Park, Strings on orientifolds, Nucl. Phys. B 477 (1996) 701, hep-th/9604178.
65. [23] Z. Kakushadze, G. Shiu and S.-H.H. Tye, Type IIB orientifolds with NS-NS antisymmetric tensor backgrounds, hep-th/9803141.
66. [24] J.D. Blum and K. Intriligator, Consistency conditions for branes at orbifold singularities, Nucl. Phys. B 506 (1997) 223, hep-th/9705030; New phases of string theory and 6d RG fixed points via branes at orbifold singularities, Nucl. Phys. B 506 (1997) 199, hep-th/9705044; K. Intriligator, New string theories in six dimensions via branes at orbifold singularities, hep-th/9708117.
67. [24] J.D. Blum and K. Intriligator, Consistency conditions for branes at orbifold singularities, Nucl. Phys. B 506 (1997) 223, hep-th/9705030; New phases of string theory and 6d RG fixed points via branes at orbifold singularities, Nucl. Phys. B 506 (1997) 199, hep-th/9705044; K. Intriligator, New string theories in six dimensions via branes at orbifold singularities, hep-th/9708117.
68. [24] J.D. Blum and K. Intriligator, Consistency conditions for branes at orbifold singularities, Nucl. Phys. B 506 (1997) 223, hep-th/9705030; New phases of string theory and 6d RG fixed points via branes at orbifold singularities, Nucl. Phys. B 506 (1997) 199, hep-th/9705044; K. Intriligator, New string theories in six dimensions via branes at orbifold singularities, hep-th/9708117.
69. [25] M. Berkooz and R.G. Leigh, A D = 4 N = 1 orbifold of type I strings, Nucl. Phys. B 483 (1997) 187, hep-th/9605049.
70. [26] Z. Kakushadze and G. Shiu, A chiral N = 1 type I vacuum in four dimensions and its heterotic dual, Phys. Rev. D 56 (1997) 3686, hep-th/9705163; 4D Chiral N = 1 Chiral Vacua with and without D5-branes, Nucl. Phys. B 520 (1998) 75, hep-th/9706051.
71. [26] Z. Kakushadze and G. Shiu, A chiral N = 1 type I vacuum in four dimensions and its heterotic dual, Phys. Rev. D 56 (1997) 3686, hep-th/9705163; 4D Chiral N = 1 Chiral Vacua with and without D5-branes, Nucl. Phys. B 520 (1998) 75, hep-th/9706051.
72. [27] C. Angelantonj, M. Bianchi, G. Pradisi, A. Sagnotti and Ya.S. Stanev, Chiral asymmetry in four-dimensional open-string vacua, Phys. Lett. B 385 (1996) 96, hep-th/9606169.
73. [28] J. Lykken, E. Poppitz and S. Trivedi, M(ore) on chiral gauge theories from D-branes, hep-th/9712193.
74. [29] J. Polchinski and E. Witten, Evidence for heterotic - type I string duality, Nucl. Phys. B 460 (1996) 525, hep-th/9510169.
75. [30] Z. Kakushadze, Aspects of N = 1 type I-heterotic duality in four dimensions, Nucl. Phys. B 512 (1998) 221, hep-th/9704059.
76. [31] E. Witten, Some properties of O(32) superstrings, Phys. Lett. B 149 (1984) 351; M. Dine, N. Seiberg and E. Witten, Fayet-Iliopoulos terms in string theory, Nucl. Phys. B 289 (1987) 589.
77. [31] E. Witten, Some properties of O(32) superstrings, Phys. Lett. B 149 (1984) 351; M. Dine, N. Seiberg and E. Witten, Fayet-Iliopoulos terms in string theory, Nucl. Phys. B 289 (1987) 589.
78. [32] M. Green and J.H. Schwarz, Anomaly cancellations In supersymmetric D = 10 gauge theory require SO(32), Phys. Lett. B 149 (1984) 117; Infinity cancellations in SO(32) superstring theory, Phys. Lett. B 151 (1985) 21.
79. [32] M. Green and J.H. Schwarz, Anomaly cancellations In supersymmetric D = 10 gauge theory require SO(32), Phys. Lett. B 149 (1984) 117; Infinity cancellations in SO(32) superstring theory, Phys. Lett. B 151 (1985) 21.
80. [33] C. Vafa, Evidence for F-theory, Nucl. Phys. B 469 (1996) 403, hep-th/9602022.