Biennial, quasi-biennial, and decadal oscillations of potential vorticity in the northern stratosphere

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 103, Issue D4, 1998, Pages 3919-3928

  Baldwin, Mark P ^a   Dunkerton, Timothy J ^a  

^a NORTHWEST RESEARCH ASSOCIATES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; STRATOSPHERE;

EID: 0032570517     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/97JD02150     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Baldwin, M.P., and T.J. Dunkerton, Quasi-biennial oscillation above 10 mb, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 1205-1208, 1991.
2. Baldwin, M.P., and J.R. Holton, Climatology of the stratospheric polar vortex and planetary wave breaking, J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1123-1142, 1988.
3. Baldwin, M.P., and K.-K. Tung, Extra-tropical QBO signals in angular momentum and wave forcing, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2717-2720, 1994.
4. Baldwin, M.P., X. Cheng, and T.J. Dunkerton, Observed correlation between winter-mean tropospheric and stratospheric anomalies, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 114-1144, 1994.
5. Butchart, N., and E.E. Remsberg, The area of the stratospheric polar vortex as a diagnostic for tracer transport on an isentropic surface, J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1319-1339, 1986.
6. Dunkerton, T.J., and M.P. Baldwin, Quasi-biennial modulation of planetary-wave fluxes in the Northern Hemisphere winter, J. Atmos. Sci, 48, 1043-1061, 1991.
7. Dunkerton, T.J., and M.P. Baldwin, Modes of interannual variability in the stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 49-52, 1992.
8. Dunkerton, T.J., and D.P. Delisi, Evolution of potential vorticity in the winter stratosphere of January-February 1979, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 1199-1208, 1986.
9. Dunkerton, T.J., and D.J. O'Sullivan, Mixing zone in the tropical stratosphere above 10 mb, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2497-2500, 1996.
10. Gray, L.J., and T.J. Dunkerton, The role of the seasonal cycle in the quasi-biennial oscillation of ozone, J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2429-2452, 1990.
11. Haigh, J.D., The impact of solar variability on climate, Science, 272, 981-984, 1996.
12. Hitchman, M.H., C.B. Leovy, J.C. Gille, and P.L. Bailey, Quasi-stationary zonally asymmetric circulations in the equatorial lower mesosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2219-2236, 1987.
13. Holton, J.R., and H.-C. Tan, The influence of the equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation on the global circulation at 50 mb, J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2200-2208, 1980.
14. Holton, J.R., and H.-C. Tan, The quasi-biennial oscillation in the Northern Hemisphere lower stratosphere, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 60, 140-148, 1982.
15. Labitzke, K., and H. van Loon, Association between the 11-year solar cycle, the QBO and the atmosphere. Part I: The troposphere and stratosphere in the northern hemisphere in winter, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 50, 197-206, 1988.
16. McIntyre, M.E., and T.N. Palmer, Breaking planetary waves in the stratosphere, Nature, 305, 593-600, 1983.
17. McIntyre, M.E., and T.N. Palmer, The 'surf zone' in the stratosphere, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 46, 825-849, 1984.
18. O'Sullivan, D.J., and T.J. Dunkerton, Seasonal development of the extratropical QBO in a numerical model of the middle atmosphere, J. Amos. Sci., 51, 3706-3721, 1994.
19. Randel, W.J., The evaluation of winds from geopotential height data in the stratosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 3097-3120, 1987.
20. Robinson, W., The application of quasi-geostrophic Eliassen-Palm flux to the analysis of stratospheric data, J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1017-1023, 1986.
21. Salby, M.L., Evidence of solar variability in the atmosphere: Its significance and relationship to terrestrial variability, in The Solar Cycle Variation of the Stratosphere. A STEP Working Croup 5 Report, 16 pp., edited by L. Hood, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, Department of Planetary Sciences, University of Arizona, 1995.
22. Salby, M.L., P. Callaghan, and D. Shea, Interdependence of the tropical and extratropical QBO: Relationship to the solar cycle vs. a biennial oscillation in the stratosphere, J Geophys. Res, in press, 1997.
23. Tung, K.-K., and H. Yang, Global QBO in circulation and ozone, Part I: Reexamination of observational evidence, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2699-2707, 1994a.
24. Tung, K.-K., and H. Yang, Global QBO in circulation and ozone, Part II: A simple mechanistic model, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2708-2721, 1994b.
25. van Loon, H., and K. Labitzke, Association between the 11-year solar cycle and the atmosphere. Part IV: The stratosphere, not grouped by the phase of the QBO. J. Clim., 3, 827-837, 1990.
26. Zurek, R.W., G.L. Manney, A.J. Miller, M.E. Gelman, and R.M. Nagatoni, Interannual variability of the north polar vortex in the lower stratosphere during the UARS mission, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 289-292, 1996.