Intense sub-kilometer-scale boundary layer rolls observed in hurricane Fran

Science

Volumn 280, Issue 5363, 1998, Pages 555-557

  Wurman, Joshua ^a   Winslow, Jennifer ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BOUNDARY LAYER ROLL; HURRICANE FRAN; WIND SPEED;

ALTITUDE; ARTICLE; COLOR ULTRASOUND FLOWMETRY; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; METEOROLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; TELECOMMUNICATION; UNITED STATES; WEATHER;

EID: 0032562583     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5363.555     Document Type: Article

References (30)

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10. The DOW1 radar prototype described in (9) was upgraded to include a 2.44-m antenna, improved signal processing, and other hardware and software. The radar used a 40-kW transmitter operating at 9.375 GHz (32 mm). Pulses were 450 ns in duration, repeating every 500 μS, and sampled every 500 ns, resulting in range resolution of 75 m. The 2.44-m parabolic antenna produced a 0.95° beam, which spread to a width of 160 m at a range of 10 km from the radar. Radar beams were oversampled, resulting in 4 beams per degree.
11. This data collection mission was coordinated with the Hurricane Research Division (HRD) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. F. Marks and S. Houston of HRD provided forecast guidance, other information, and coordination with the local weather service forecast office in Wilmington, NC. M. Biddle and C. Edwards, with J.W., crewed the DOW radar.
12. The Wilmington Weather Service Forecast Office provided real-time forecasting guidance and logistical support during the data collection. New Hanover International Airport provided the data site, logistics, and safety coordination during data collection. The taxiway was well removed from sources of airborne debris, particularly trees, tree limbs, and portions of damaged buildings. The tree line was generally 400 to 1000 m distant and blocked only the lowest radar beams, which were less than 1° above the horizon. The airport terminal building caused blockage up to several degrees above the horizon in the southern sector. Wetting of the antenna cover caused severe attenuation of both transmitted and received radiation, reducing sensitivity by 10 to 20 dB during periods of intense rainfall. Reflectivity and Doppler velocity data were collected in eight conical scans with inclinations ranging from 0° to 30° above the horizon, repeating every 300 s, to sample the volume of space surrounding the radar.
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30. Supported by the Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies and the School of Meteorology at the University of Oklahoma. The DOW radars are a collaborative effort among the University of Oklahoma, the National Center for Atmospheric Research, and the National Severe Storms Laboratory.