New goals for the U.S. Human Genome Project: 1998-2003

Science

Volumn 282, Issue 5389, 1998, Pages 682-689

  Collins, Francis S ^a   Patrinos, Ari ^b   Jordan, Elke ^a   Chakravarti, Aravinda ^c   Gesteland, Raymond ^d   Walters, LeRoy ^e  

^a NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b U S DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS OF CLEVELAND   (United States)

^d HOWARD HUGHES MEDICAL INSTITUTE   (United States)

^e GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA;

BIOTECHNOLOGY; BUDGET; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; DNA POLYMORPHISM; DNA SEQUENCE; DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER; ETHICS; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE MAPPING; GENOME; HUMAN; LEGAL ASPECT; MUTAGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; REVIEW; SOCIAL ASPECT; UNITED STATES;

BIOMEDICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH; DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY; DNA DATA BANKS; FEDERAL GOVERNMENT; GENETIC RESEARCH; GENETICS AND REPRODUCTION; HUMAN GENOME PROJECT; INFORMATION DISSEMINATION; INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS; NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH; NIH-DOE WORKING GROUP ON ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS (ELSI); SOCIAL IMPACT; UNITED STATES;

ANIMALS; BIOETHICS; COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY; DATABASES, FACTUAL; DATABASES, NUCLEIC ACID; FEDERAL GOVERNMENT; GENETIC RESEARCH; GENOME; GENOME, HUMAN; HUMAN GENOME PROJECT; HUMANS; INFORMATION DISSEMINATION; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; INTERNATIONALITY; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; POINT MUTATION; POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; SOCIOLOGY; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; TIME FACTORS; UNITED STATES; VARIATION (GENETICS);

CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER; MELANOGASTER;

EID: 0032561249     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.282.5389.682     Document Type: Review

References (10)

1. F. Collins and D. Galas, Science 262, 43 (1993).
2. J. D. Watson and F. H. C. Crick, Nature 171, 737 (1953).
3. The finished genome sequence refers to the portion of human DNA that can be stably cloned and sequenced by current technology. The small proportion of highly repeated sequence represented by the centromeres and other constitutive heterochromatic regions of the genome may not be finished by 2003. In addition, it is possible that a small fraction of other parts of the genome may present unanticipated and serious challenges. Such regions are expected to be rare.
4. J. C. Venter et al., Science 280, 1540 (1998). A whole-genome shotgun strategy has been proposed previously [J. Weber and E. W. Myers, Genome Res. 7, 401, but major concerns have been raised ( P. Green, ibid., p. 410), about the difficulties expected in obtaining correct long-range contig assemblies. It will not be possible to evaluate the feasibility, impact, or quality of the product of this approach until more data are available, which is not estimated to occur for about 12 to 18 months. See also R. Waterston and J. E. Sulston, Science 287, 53 (1998).
5. J. C. Venter et al., Science 280, 1540 (1998). A whole-genome shotgun strategy has been proposed previously [J. Weber and E. W. Myers, Genome Res. 7, 401, but major concerns have been raised ( P. Green, ibid., p. 410), about the difficulties expected in obtaining correct long-range contig assemblies. It will not be possible to evaluate the feasibility, impact, or quality of the product of this approach until more data are available, which is not estimated to occur for about 12 to 18 months. See also R. Waterston and J. E. Sulston, Science 287, 53 (1998).
6. J. C. Venter et al., Science 280, 1540 (1998). A whole-genome shotgun strategy has been proposed previously [J. Weber and E. W. Myers, Genome Res. 7, 401, but major concerns have been raised ( P. Green, ibid., p. 410), about the difficulties expected in obtaining correct long-range contig assemblies. It will not be possible to evaluate the feasibility, impact, or quality of the product of this approach until more data are available, which is not estimated to occur for about 12 to 18 months. See also R. Waterston and J. E. Sulston, Science 287, 53 (1998).
7. J. C. Venter et al., Science 280, 1540 (1998). A whole-genome shotgun strategy has been proposed previously [J. Weber and E. W. Myers, Genome Res. 7, 401, but major concerns have been raised ( P. Green, ibid., p. 410), about the difficulties expected in obtaining correct long-range contig assemblies. It will not be possible to evaluate the feasibility, impact, or quality of the product of this approach until more data are available, which is not estimated to occur for about 12 to 18 months. See also R. Waterston and J. E. Sulston, Science 287, 53 (1998).
8. D. R. Bentley, Science 274, 533 (1996).
9. M. Guyer et al., Genome Res. 8, 413 (1998).
10. The members of the planning groups are: NIH scientific planning subcommittee -Aravinda Chakravarti, chair, Eric Fearon, Lee Hartwell, Charles H. Langley, Richard A. Mathies, Maynard Olson, Anthony J. Pawson, Thomas Pollard, Alan Williamson, Barbara Wold; DOE planning subcommittee-Raymond Gesteland, chair, Kenneth Buetow, Elbert Branscomb, Mario Capecchi, George Church, Harold Garner, Richard A. Gibbs, Trevor Hawkins, Keith Hodgson, Michael Knotek, Miriam Meisler, Gerald M. Rubin, Lloyd M. Smith, Randall F. Smith, Monty Westerfield; NIH-DOE ELSI Research Planning and Evaluation Group-LeRoy Walters, chair, Ellen Wright Clayton, Nancy L. Fisher, Caryn E. Lerman, Joseph D. McInerney, William Nebo, Nancy Press, David Valle. The members of these groups have contributed substantially to this plan but have not necessarily approved every word in it. In addition to the authors, this plan represents the combined efforts of a large number of consultants, including all the participants in the numerous workshops that were conducted as part of the planning process. We are deeply indebted to them for the time and expertise they contributed so generously to this effort.