메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 167, Issue , 1998, Pages 1-13

Modelling patch dynamics on rocky shores using deterministic cellular automata

Author keywords

Cellular automata; Fucoids; Herbivore aggregation; Limpets; Patch dynamics; Rocky shore communities

Indexed keywords

MODELLING; PATCH DYNAMICS; ROCKY SHORE;

EID: 0032543592     PISSN: 01718630     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3354/meps167001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (83)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0029834962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scales of coastal heterogeneity and benthic intertidal species richness, diversity and abundance
    • Archambault P, Bourget E (1996) Scales of coastal heterogeneity and benthic intertidal species richness, diversity and abundance. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 136:111-121
    • (1996) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.136 , pp. 111-121
    • Archambault, P.1    Bourget, E.2
  • 2
    • 0000943210 scopus 로고
    • The development, general morphology and subsequent elimination of barnacle populations, Balanus crenatus and Balanus balanoides after a heavy initial settlement
    • Barnes H, Powell HT (1950) The development, general morphology and subsequent elimination of barnacle populations, Balanus crenatus and Balanus balanoides after a heavy initial settlement. J Anim Ecol 19:175-179
    • (1950) J Anim Ecol , vol.19 , pp. 175-179
    • Barnes, H.1    Powell, H.T.2
  • 3
    • 2642696668 scopus 로고
    • Effect of the nature of the substratum on the force required to detach a common littoral alga
    • Barnes H, Topinka JA (1969) Effect of the nature of the substratum on the force required to detach a common littoral alga. Am Zool 9:753-758
    • (1969) Am Zool , vol.9 , pp. 753-758
    • Barnes, H.1    Topinka, J.A.2
  • 4
    • 0000311079 scopus 로고
    • Shore topography and spatial partitioning of crevice refuges by sessile epibenthos in an ice disturbed environment
    • Bergeron P, Bourget E (1986) Shore topography and spatial partitioning of crevice refuges by sessile epibenthos in an ice disturbed environment. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 28:129-145
    • (1986) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.28 , pp. 129-145
    • Bergeron, P.1    Bourget, E.2
  • 5
    • 0038305648 scopus 로고
    • Note on the interrelationships of Patella, Balanus and Fucus on a semi-exposed coast
    • Burrows EM, Lodge SM (1950) Note on the interrelationships of Patella, Balanus and Fucus on a semi-exposed coast. Rep Mar Biol Stn Port Erin 62:30-34
    • (1950) Rep Mar Biol Stn Port Erin , vol.62 , pp. 30-34
    • Burrows, E.M.1    Lodge, S.M.2
  • 6
    • 0000174930 scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal variation in settlement and recruitment of intertidal barnacles
    • Caffey HM (1985) Spatial and temporal variation in settlement and recruitment of intertidal barnacles. Ecol Monogr 55:313-332
    • (1985) Ecol Monogr , vol.55 , pp. 313-332
    • Caffey, H.M.1
  • 8
    • 0027047080 scopus 로고
    • The spatial dynamics of host-parasitoid systems
    • Comins HN, Hassel MP, May RM (1992) The spatial dynamics of host-parasitoid systems. J Anim Ecol 61:735-748
    • (1992) J Anim Ecol , vol.61 , pp. 735-748
    • Comins, H.N.1    Hassel, M.P.2    May, R.M.3
  • 9
    • 0001108535 scopus 로고
    • Competition, disturbance and community organisation: The provision and subsequent utilisation of the space in a rocky intertidal community
    • Dayton PK (1971) Competition, disturbance and community organisation: the provision and subsequent utilisation of the space in a rocky intertidal community. Ecol Monogr 41:351-389
    • (1971) Ecol Monogr , vol.41 , pp. 351-389
    • Dayton, P.K.1
  • 10
    • 0031082089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Banded vegetation: Survival under drought and grazing pressure based on a simple cellular automaton model
    • Dunkerly DL (1997) Banded vegetation: survival under drought and grazing pressure based on a simple cellular automaton model. J Arid Environ 35:419-428
    • (1997) J Arid Environ , vol.35 , pp. 419-428
    • Dunkerly, D.L.1
  • 11
    • 0027415226 scopus 로고
    • Cellular automata approaches to biological modelling
    • Ermentrout GB, Edelstein-Keshet L (1993) Cellular automata approaches to biological modelling. J Theor Biol 160:97-133
    • (1993) J Theor Biol , vol.160 , pp. 97-133
    • Ermentrout, G.B.1    Edelstein-Keshet, L.2
  • 12
    • 0024189186 scopus 로고
    • Predation creates haloes of bare space among prey on rocky seashores in New South Wales
    • Fairweather PG (1988a) Predation creates haloes of bare space among prey on rocky seashores in New South Wales. Aust J Ecol 13:401-409
    • (1988) Aust J Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 401-409
    • Fairweather, P.G.1
  • 13
    • 0003070620 scopus 로고
    • Movements of intertidal whelks (Morula marginalba and Thais orbita) in relation to availability of prey and shelter
    • Fairweather PG (1988b) Movements of intertidal whelks (Morula marginalba and Thais orbita) in relation to availability of prey and shelter. Mar Biol 100:63-68
    • (1988) Mar Biol , vol.100 , pp. 63-68
    • Fairweather, P.G.1
  • 14
    • 84995196979 scopus 로고
    • Études sur la biogeographie des deux rives de la Manche
    • Fischer-Piette E (1936) Études sur la biogeographie des deux rives de la Manche. J Linn Soc 15:181-272
    • (1936) J Linn Soc , vol.15 , pp. 181-272
    • Fischer-Piette, E.1
  • 15
    • 0022171582 scopus 로고
    • Spatial variation in larval concentration as a cause of spatial variation in settlement for the barnacle, Balanus glandula
    • Gaines SD, Brown S, Roughgarden J (1985) Spatial variation in larval concentration as a cause of spatial variation in settlement for the barnacle, Balanus glandula. Oecologia 67:267-272
    • (1985) Oecologia , vol.67 , pp. 267-272
    • Gaines, S.D.1    Brown, S.2    Roughgarden, J.3
  • 16
    • 0001151810 scopus 로고
    • Larval settlement rate: A leading determinant of structure in ecological communities of the marine intertidal zone
    • Gaines SD, Roughgarden J (1985) Larval settlement rate: a leading determinant of structure in ecological communities of the marine intertidal zone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:3707-3711
    • (1985) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.82 , pp. 3707-3711
    • Gaines, S.D.1    Roughgarden, J.2
  • 17
    • 0003091509 scopus 로고
    • Patchiness and fluctuations on moderately exposed rocky shores
    • Hartnoll RG, Hawkins SJ (1985) Patchiness and fluctuations on moderately exposed rocky shores. Ophelia 24:53-63
    • (1985) Ophelia , vol.24 , pp. 53-63
    • Hartnoll, R.G.1    Hawkins, S.J.2
  • 18
    • 0017757005 scopus 로고
    • Foraging movements and homing in the limpet Patella vulgata L
    • Hartnoll RG, Wright JR (1977) Foraging movements and homing in the limpet Patella vulgata L. Anim Behav 25: 806-810
    • (1977) Anim Behav , vol.25 , pp. 806-810
    • Hartnoll, R.G.1    Wright, J.R.2
  • 19
    • 0026268962 scopus 로고
    • Spatial structure and chaos in insect population dynamics
    • Hassel MP, Comins HN, May RM (1991) Spatial structure and chaos in insect population dynamics. Nature (Lond) 353. 255-258
    • (1991) Nature (Lond) , vol.353 , pp. 255-258
    • Hassel, M.P.1    Comins, H.N.2    May, R.M.3
  • 20
    • 0000748670 scopus 로고
    • The influence of Patella grazing on the fucoid/barnacle mosaic on moderately exposed rocky shores
    • Hawkins SJ (1981a) The influence of Patella grazing on the fucoid/barnacle mosaic on moderately exposed rocky shores. Kiel Meeresforsch 5:537-543
    • (1981) Kiel Meeresforsch , vol.5 , pp. 537-543
    • Hawkins, S.J.1
  • 21
    • 84971145703 scopus 로고
    • The influence of season and barnacles on the algal colonization of Patella vulgata exclusion areas
    • Hawkins SJ (1981b) The influence of season and barnacles on the algal colonization of Patella vulgata exclusion areas. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 61:1-15
    • (1981) J Mar Biol Assoc UK , vol.61 , pp. 1-15
    • Hawkins, S.J.1
  • 22
    • 48749143894 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of Patella and macroalgae with settling Semibalanus balanoides (L.)
    • Hawkins SJ (1983) Interactions of Patella and macroalgae with settling Semibalanus balanoides (L.). J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 71:55-72
    • (1983) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.71 , pp. 55-72
    • Hawkins, S.J.1
  • 23
    • 0003753330 scopus 로고
    • Settlement patterns of Semibalanus balanoides (L.) in the Isle of Man (1977-1981)
    • Hawkins SJ, Hartnoll RG (1982a) Settlement patterns of Semibalanus balanoides (L.) in the Isle of Man (1977-1981). J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 62:271-283
    • (1982) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.62 , pp. 271-283
    • Hawkins, S.J.1    Hartnoll, R.G.2
  • 24
    • 0020388213 scopus 로고
    • The influence of barnacle cover on the numbers, growth and behaviour of Patella vulgata on a vertical pier
    • Hawkins SJ, Hartnoll RG (1982b) The influence of barnacle cover on the numbers, growth and behaviour of Patella vulgata on a vertical pier. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 62: 855-867
    • (1982) J Mar Biol Assoc UK , vol.62 , pp. 855-867
    • Hawkins, S.J.1    Hartnoll, R.G.2
  • 25
    • 0020783795 scopus 로고
    • Changes in a rocky shore community: An evaluation of monitoring
    • Hawkins SJ, Hartnoll RG (1983a) Changes in a rocky shore community: an evaluation of monitoring. Mar Environ Res 9:131-181
    • (1983) Mar Environ Res , vol.9 , pp. 131-181
    • Hawkins, S.J.1    Hartnoll, R.G.2
  • 26
    • 0000849969 scopus 로고
    • Grazing of intertidal algae by marine invertebrates
    • Hawkins SJ, Hartnoll RG (1983b) Grazing of intertidal algae by marine invertebrates. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 21: 195-282
    • (1983) Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev , vol.21 , pp. 195-282
    • Hawkins, S.J.1    Hartnoll, R.G.2
  • 27
    • 0002246670 scopus 로고
    • Plant-animal interactions on hard substrata in the north-east Atlantic
    • John DM, Hawkins SJ, Price JH (eds) Oxford University Press, Oxford
    • Hawkins SJ, Hartnoll RG, Kain JM, Norton TA (1992) Plant-animal interactions on hard substrata in the north-east Atlantic. In: John DM, Hawkins SJ, Price JH (eds) Plant-animal interactions in the marine benthos. Oxford University Press, Oxford, p 1-32
    • (1992) Plant-animal Interactions in the Marine Benthos , pp. 1-32
    • Hawkins, S.J.1    Hartnoll, R.G.2    Kain, J.M.3    Norton, T.A.4
  • 28
    • 0002867089 scopus 로고
    • The Torrey Canyon oil spill: Recovery of rocky shore communities
    • Thayer GW (ed) Maryland Sea Grant College, University of Maryland, College Park
    • Hawkins SJ, Southward AJ (1992) The Torrey Canyon oil spill: recovery of rocky shore communities. In: Thayer GW (ed) Restoring the national marine environment. Maryland Sea Grant College, University of Maryland, College Park, p 583-619
    • (1992) Restoring the National Marine Environment , pp. 583-619
    • Hawkins, S.J.1    Southward, A.J.2
  • 30
    • 0002580203 scopus 로고
    • Predatory behaviour of the intertidal snail, Nucella lapillus, and its effects on community structure
    • Kawanabe H, Cohen JE, Iwasaki K (eds) Oxford University Press, Oxford
    • Hughes RN, Burrows MT (1993) Predatory behaviour of the intertidal snail, Nucella lapillus, and its effects on community structure. In: Kawanabe H, Cohen JE, Iwasaki K (eds) Mutualism and community organisation: behavioural, theoretical and food web approaches. Oxford University Press, Oxford, p 63-83
    • (1993) Mutualism and Community Organisation: Behavioural, Theoretical and Food Web Approaches , pp. 63-83
    • Hughes, R.N.1    Burrows, M.T.2
  • 32
    • 0028602641 scopus 로고
    • Modelling dieback phenomena in natural forests
    • Jeltsch F, Wissel C (1994) Modelling dieback phenomena in natural forests. Ecol Model 75/76:111-121
    • (1994) Ecol Model , vol.75-76 , pp. 111-121
    • Jeltsch, F.1    Wissel, C.2
  • 33
    • 0031573832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial structure on moderately exposed rocky shores: Patch scales and the interactions between limpets and algae
    • Johnson M, Burrows MT, Hartnoll RG, Hawkins SJ (1997) Spatial structure on moderately exposed rocky shores: patch scales and the interactions between limpets and algae. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 160:209-215
    • (1997) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.160 , pp. 209-215
    • Johnson, M.1    Burrows, M.T.2    Hartnoll, R.G.3    Hawkins, S.J.4
  • 34
    • 0002461458 scopus 로고
    • Observations and experiments on the biology of Patella vulgata at Port St Mary, Isle of Man
    • Jones NS (1948) Observations and experiments on the biology of Patella vulgata at Port St Mary, Isle of Man. Proc Trans Liverpool Biol Soc 56:60-77
    • (1948) Proc Trans Liverpool Biol Soc , vol.56 , pp. 60-77
    • Jones, N.S.1
  • 35
    • 0025526270 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics in spatially complex environments: Theory and data
    • Kareiva P (1990) Population dynamics in spatially complex environments: theory and data. Philos Trans Roy Soc Lond Biol Sci 330:175-190
    • (1990) Philos Trans Roy Soc Lond Biol Sci , vol.330 , pp. 175-190
    • Kareiva, P.1
  • 37
    • 0022168362 scopus 로고
    • Annual variation in recruitment of Semibalanus balanoides on the North Yorkshire coast 1969-1981
    • Kendall MA, Bowman RS, Williamson P, Lewis JR (1985) Annual variation in recruitment of Semibalanus balanoides on the North Yorkshire coast 1969-1981. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 65:1009-1030
    • (1985) J Mar Biol Assoc UK , vol.65 , pp. 1009-1030
    • Kendall, M.A.1    Bowman, R.S.2    Williamson, P.3    Lewis, J.R.4
  • 39
    • 0000376558 scopus 로고
    • Long-term ecological surveillance: Practical realities in the rocky littoral
    • Lewis JR (1976) Long-term ecological surveillance: practical realities in the rocky littoral. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 14:371-390
    • (1976) Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev , vol.14 , pp. 371-390
    • Lewis, J.R.1
  • 40
    • 0028003350 scopus 로고
    • Spatial coupling of plant and herbivore dynamics: The contribution of herbivore dispersal to transient and persistent 'waves' of damage
    • Lewis MA (1994) Spatial coupling of plant and herbivore dynamics: the contribution of herbivore dispersal to transient and persistent 'waves' of damage. Theor Popul Biol 45:277-312
    • (1994) Theor Popul Biol , vol.45 , pp. 277-312
    • Lewis, M.A.1
  • 41
    • 0007991881 scopus 로고
    • Algal growth in the absence of Patella on an experimental strip of foreshore, Port St Mary, Isle of Man
    • Lodge SM (1948) Algal growth in the absence of Patella on an experimental strip of foreshore, Port St Mary, Isle of Man. Proc Trans Liverpool Biol Soc 56:78-83
    • (1948) Proc Trans Liverpool Biol Soc , vol.56 , pp. 78-83
    • Lodge, S.M.1
  • 42
    • 0020923607 scopus 로고
    • Littorina and Fucus: Effects of herbivores, substratum heterogeneity and plant escapes during succession
    • Lubchenco J (1983) Littorina and Fucus: effects of herbivores, substratum heterogeneity and plant escapes during succession. Ecology 64:1116-1124
    • (1983) Ecology , vol.64 , pp. 1116-1124
    • Lubchenco, J.1
  • 43
    • 0028565295 scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterning in resource exploitation and conservation
    • Mangel M (1994) Spatial patterning in resource exploitation and conservation. Philos Trans Roy Soc Lond Biol Sci 343: 93-98
    • (1994) Philos Trans Roy Soc Lond Biol Sci , vol.343 , pp. 93-98
    • Mangel, M.1
  • 44
    • 4243201050 scopus 로고
    • Predation intensity in a rocky intertidal community
    • Berl
    • Menge BA (1978) Predation intensity in a rocky intertidal community. Oecologia (Berl) 34:1-16
    • (1978) Oecologia , vol.34 , pp. 1-16
    • Menge, B.A.1
  • 45
    • 0026012684 scopus 로고
    • Relative importance of recruitment and other causes of variation in rocky intertidal community structure
    • Menge BA (1991) Relative importance of recruitment and other causes of variation in rocky intertidal community structure. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 146:69-100
    • (1991) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.146 , pp. 69-100
    • Menge, B.A.1
  • 46
    • 0028176207 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics and pattern formation in theoretical populations
    • Molofsky J (1994) Population dynamics and pattern formation in theoretical populations. Ecology 75:30-39
    • (1994) Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 30-39
    • Molofsky, J.1
  • 48
    • 0000418503 scopus 로고
    • Intertidal landscapes: Disturbance and the dynamics of pattern
    • Paine RT, Levin SA (1981) Intertidal landscapes: disturbance and the dynamics of pattern. Ecol Monogr 51: 145-178
    • (1981) Ecol Monogr , vol.51 , pp. 145-178
    • Paine, R.T.1    Levin, S.A.2
  • 50
    • 0002527266 scopus 로고
    • The effect of crevice size and availability on populations of Littorina rudis and Littorina neritoides
    • Raffaelli DG, Hughes RN (1978) The effect of crevice size and availability on populations of Littorina rudis and Littorina neritoides. J Anim Ecol 47:71-83
    • (1978) J Anim Ecol , vol.47 , pp. 71-83
    • Raffaelli, D.G.1    Hughes, R.N.2
  • 51
    • 0028570599 scopus 로고
    • Measuring and characterizing spatial patterns, dynamics and chaos in spatially extended dynamical systems and ecologies
    • Rand DA (1994) Measuring and characterizing spatial patterns, dynamics and chaos in spatially extended dynamical systems and ecologies. Philos Trans R Soc Lond Math Phys Sci A 348:497-514
    • (1994) Philos Trans R Soc Lond Math Phys Sci A , vol.348 , pp. 497-514
    • Rand, D.A.1
  • 53
    • 0029537290 scopus 로고
    • Host-parasitoid metapopulations: The consequences of parasitoid aggregation on spatial dynamics and searching efficiency
    • Rohani P, Miramontes O (1995) Host-parasitoid metapopulations: the consequences of parasitoid aggregation on spatial dynamics and searching efficiency. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 260:335-342
    • (1995) Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.260 , pp. 335-342
    • Rohani, P.1    Miramontes, O.2
  • 54
    • 0030442278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The consequences of stochasticity for self-organized spatial dynamics, persistence and coexistence in spatially extended host-parasitoid communities
    • Ruxton GD, Rohani P (1996) The consequences of stochasticity for self-organized spatial dynamics, persistence and coexistence in spatially extended host-parasitoid communities. Proc Roy Soc Lond B Biol Sci 263:625-631
    • (1996) Proc Roy Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.263 , pp. 625-631
    • Ruxton, G.D.1    Rohani, P.2
  • 55
    • 0022823551 scopus 로고
    • Adding teeth to wave action: The destructive effects of wave borne rocks on intertidal organisms
    • Shanks AL, Wright WG (1986) Adding teeth to wave action: the destructive effects of wave borne rocks on intertidal organisms. Oecologia 69:420-428
    • (1986) Oecologia , vol.69 , pp. 420-428
    • Shanks, A.L.1    Wright, W.G.2
  • 56
    • 0030814768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscillations and chaos behind predator-prey invasion: Mathematical artifact or ecological reality?
    • Sherratt JA, Egan BT, Lewis MA (1997) Oscillations and chaos behind predator-prey invasion: mathematical artifact or ecological reality? Philos Trans R Soc Lond Biol Sci 352: 21-38
    • (1997) Philos Trans R Soc Lond Biol Sci , vol.352 , pp. 21-38
    • Sherratt, J.A.1    Egan, B.T.2    Lewis, M.A.3
  • 58
    • 0001226882 scopus 로고
    • Spiral waves, chaos and multiple attractors in lattice models of interacting populations
    • Solé RV, Valls J, Bascompte J (1992) Spiral waves, chaos and multiple attractors in lattice models of interacting populations. Phys Lett A 166:123-128
    • (1992) Phys Lett A , vol.166 , pp. 123-128
    • Solé, R.V.1    Valls, J.2    Bascompte, J.3
  • 59
    • 0001665048 scopus 로고
    • Disturbance in marine intertidal boulder fields: The nonequilibrium maintenance of species diversity
    • Sousa WP (1979) Disturbance in marine intertidal boulder fields: the nonequilibrium maintenance of species diversity. Ecology 60:1225-1239
    • (1979) Ecology , vol.60 , pp. 1225-1239
    • Sousa, W.P.1
  • 60
    • 0002918970 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of some rocky shores in the Isle of Man
    • Southward AJ (1953) The ecology of some rocky shores in the Isle of Man. Proc Trans Liverpool Biol Soc 59:1-50
    • (1953) Proc Trans Liverpool Biol Soc , vol.59 , pp. 1-50
    • Southward, A.J.1
  • 61
    • 0344590050 scopus 로고
    • The population balance between limpets and seaweeds on wave-beaten rocky shores
    • Southward AJ (1956) The population balance between limpets and seaweeds on wave-beaten rocky shores. Rep Mar Biol Stn Port Erin 67:20-29
    • (1956) Rep Mar Biol Stn Port Erin , vol.67 , pp. 20-29
    • Southward, A.J.1
  • 62
    • 0001160198 scopus 로고
    • Limpet grazing and the control of vegetation on rocky shores
    • Crisp DJ (ed) Blackwell, Oxford
    • Southward AJ (1964) Limpet grazing and the control of vegetation on rocky shores. In: Crisp DJ (ed) Grazing in terrestrial and marine environments. Blackwell, Oxford, p 265-273
    • (1964) Grazing in Terrestrial and Marine Environments , pp. 265-273
    • Southward, A.J.1
  • 63
    • 0001293728 scopus 로고
    • Recent changes in the distribution of the intertidal barnacles Chthamalus stellatus Poli and Balanus balanoides L. in the British Isles
    • Southward AJ, Crisp DJ (1954) Recent changes in the distribution of the intertidal barnacles Chthamalus stellatus Poli and Balanus balanoides L. in the British Isles. J Anim Ecol 23:163-177
    • (1954) J Anim Ecol , vol.23 , pp. 163-177
    • Southward, A.J.1    Crisp, D.J.2
  • 64
    • 0001057787 scopus 로고
    • Recolonization of rocky shores in Cornwall after use of toxic dispersants to clean up the Torrey Canyon spill
    • Southward AJ, Southward EC (1978) Recolonization of rocky shores in Cornwall after use of toxic dispersants to clean up the Torrey Canyon spill. J Fish Res Bd Can 35: 682-706
    • (1978) J Fish Res Bd Can , vol.35 , pp. 682-706
    • Southward, A.J.1    Southward, E.C.2
  • 65
    • 0029669514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scales of spatial patterns of distribution of intertidal invertebrates
    • Underwood AJ, Chapman MG (1996) Scales of spatial patterns of distribution of intertidal invertebrates. Oecologia 107:212-224
    • (1996) Oecologia , vol.107 , pp. 212-224
    • Underwood, A.J.1    Chapman, M.G.2
  • 67
    • 0021533044 scopus 로고
    • Sun and shade mediate competition in the barnacles Chthamalus and Semibalanus: A field experiment
    • Woods Hole
    • Wethey DS (1984) Sun and shade mediate competition in the barnacles Chthamalus and Semibalanus: a field experiment. Biol Bull (Woods Hole) 167:176-185
    • (1984) Biol Bull , vol.167 , pp. 176-185
    • Wethey, D.S.1
  • 68
    • 0024939275 scopus 로고
    • Spatial scaling in ecology
    • Wiens JA (1989) Spatial scaling in ecology. Funct Ecol 3: 385-397
    • (1989) Funct Ecol , vol.3 , pp. 385-397
    • Wiens, J.A.1
  • 70
    • 0028891270 scopus 로고
    • Forecasting the spatial dynamics of gypsy moth outbreaks using cellular transition models
    • Zhou G, Liebhold AM (1995) Forecasting the spatial dynamics of gypsy moth outbreaks using cellular transition models. Landscape Ecol 10:177-189
    • (1995) Landscape Ecol , vol.10 , pp. 177-189
    • Zhou, G.1    Liebhold, A.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.