Physical size stereotyping as a mediator of attributions of responsibility in an alleged date-rape situation

Journal of Applied Social Psychology

Volumn 28, Issue 20, 1998, Pages 1876-1888

  Ryckman, Richard M ^a   Graham, Suzanne S ^b   Thornton, Bill ^b   Gold, Joel A ^b   Lindner, Marc A ^b  

^a University of Maine   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032538210     PISSN: 00219029     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01350.x     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Abarbanel, G. (1986). Rape and resistance. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1, 100-105.
2. Alicke, M. D., & Yurak, T. J. (1995). Perpetrator personality and judgments of acquaintance rape. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25, 1900-1921.
3. Barnett, M. A., Quackenbush, S. W., Sinisi, C. S., Wegman, C. M., & Otney, K. L. (1992). Factors affecting reactions to a rape victim. Journal of Psychology, 126, 609-620.
4. Bell, S. T., Kuriloff, P. J., & Lottes, I. (1994). Understanding attributions of blame in stranger rape and date rape situations: An examination of gender, race, identification, and students' social perceptions of rape victims. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, 1719-1734.
5. Benson, D., Charlton, C., & Goodhart, F. (1992). Acquaintance rape on campus: A literature review. Journal of American College Health, 40, 157-165.
6. Bray, R. M., & Noble, A. M. (1978). Authoritarianism and decisions of mock juries: Evidence of jury bias and group polarization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 1424-1430.
7. Bridges, J. S., & McGrail, C. A. (1989). Attributions of responsibility for date and stranger rape. Sex Roles, 21, 273-286.
8. Brownmiller, S. (1975). Against our will: Men, women, and rape. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
9. Burczyk, K., & Standing, L. (1989). Attitudes towards rape victims: Effects of victim status, sex of victim, and sex of rater. Social Behavior and Personality, 17(1), 1-8.
10. Burt, M. R. (1991). Rape myths and acquaintance rape. In A. Parrot & L. Bechhofer (Eds.), Acquaintance rape: The hidden crime (pp. 26-40). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
11. Calhoun, L. G., Selby, J. W., & Warring, L. J. (1976). Social perception of the victim's causal role in rape: An exploratory examination of four factors. Human Relations, 29, 517-526.
12. Check, J. V. P., & Malamuth, N. M. (1983). Sex-role stereotyping and reactions to depictions of stranger versus acquaintance rape. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 344-356.
13. Clark, L., & Lewis, D. (1977). The price of coercive sexuality. Toronto, Canada: The Women's Press.
14. Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 297-334.
15. Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1964). The approval motive: Studies in evaluative dependence. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
16. Deitz, S. R., Blackwell, K. T., Daley, P. C., & Bentley, B. J. (1982). Measurement of empathy toward rape victims and rapists. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 372-384.
17. Estrich, S. (1987). Real rape. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
18. Fiske, S. T., & Neuberg, S. L. (1990). A continuum of impression formation, from category-based to individuating processes: Influences of information and motivation on attention and interpretation. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 23 pp. 1-74). New York, NY: Random House.
19. Gager, N., & Schurr, C. (1976). Sexual assault: Confronting rape in America. New York, NY: Grosset & Dunlap.
20. Gerdes, E. P., Dammann, E. J., & Heilig, K. E. (1988). Perceptions of rape victims and assailants: Effects of physical attractiveness, acquaintance, and subject gender. Sex Roles, 19, 141-153.
21. Gilmartin-Zena, P. (1983). Attribution theory and rape victim responsibility. Deviant Behavior, 4, 357-374.
22. Gordon, M. T., & Riger, S. (1989). The female fear. New York, NY: The Free Press.
23. Jackson, T. L. (1991). A university athletic department's rape and assault experiences. Journal of College Student Development, 32, 77-78.
24. Jenkins, M. J., & Dambrot, F. H. (1987). The attribution of date rape: Observer's attitudes and sexual experiences and the dating situation. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 17, 875-895.
25. Johnson, J. D. (1994). The effect of rape type and information admissibility on perceptions of rape victims. Sex Roles, 30, 781-792.
26. Johnson, J. D., Jackson, L. A., & Smith, G. (1989). The role of ambiguity and gender in mediating the effects of salient cognitions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15, 52-60.
27. Johnson, J. D., & Russ, I. (1989). Effects of salience of consciousness-raising information on perceptions of acquaintance versus stranger rape. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 19, 1182-1197.
28. Kaczor, L. M., Ryckman, R. M., Thornton, B., & Kuehnel, R. H. (1991). Observer hypercompetitiveness and victim precipitation of rape. The Journal of Social Psychology, 131, 131-134.
29. Kassin, S. M., & Wrightsman, L. S. (1983). The construction and validation of a juror bias scale. Journal of Research in Personality, 17, 423-441.
30. Kleinke, C. L., & Meyer, C. (1990). Evaluation of rape victim by men and women with high and low belief in a just world. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 14, 343-353.
31. Klemmack, S. H., & Klemmack, D. L. (1976). The social definition of rape. In M. Walker & S. L. Brodsky (Eds.), Sexual assault: The victim and the rapist (pp. 135-147). Lexington, MA: Lexington Press.
32. Kowalski, R. M. (1992). Nonverbal behaviors and perceptions of sexual intentions: Effects of sexual connotativeness, verbal response, and rape outcome. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 13, 427-445.
33. Krulewitz, J. E., & Payne, E. J. (1978). Attributions about rape: Effects of rapist force, observer sex, and sex role attitudes. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 8, 291-305.
34. Langley, T., Yost, E. A., O'Neal, E. C., Taylor, S. L., Frankel, P. I., & Craig, K. M. (1991). Models of rape judgment: Attributions concerning event, perpetrator, and victim. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 17, 43-54.
35. L'Armand, K., & Pepitone, A. (1982). Judgments of rape: A study of victim-rapist relationship and victim sexual history. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 8, 134-139.
36. Locksley, A., Borgida, E., Brekke, N., & Hepburn, C. (1980). Sex stereotypes and social judgement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 821-831.
37. Locksley, A., Hepburn, C., & Ortiz, V. (1982). Social stereotypes and judgment of individuals: An instance of the base-rate fallacy. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 18, 23-42.
38. McArthur, L. Z. (1982). Judging a book by its cover. In A. Hastorf & A. Isen (Eds.), Cognitive social psychology (pp. 149-210). New York, NY: Elsevier.
39. McCaul, K. D., Veltum, L. G., Boyechko, V., & Crawford, J. J. (1990). Understanding attributions of victim blame for rape: Sex, violence, and foreseeability. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 20, 1-26.
40. McLendon, K., Foley, L. A., Hall, J., Sloan, L., Wesley, A., & Perry, L. (1994). Male and female perceptions of date rape. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 9, 421-428.
41. Nelson, T. E., Acker, M., & Manis, M. (1996). Irrepressible stereotypes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 32, 13-38.
42. Pyszczynski, T. A., & Greenberg, J. (1987). Toward an integration of cognitive and motivational perspectives on social inference: A biased hypothesis-testing model. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 20, pp. 297-340). New York, NY: Academic.
43. Reynolds, W. M. (1982). Development of a reliable and valid short form of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38, 119-125.
44. Shetland, R. L., & Goodstein, L. (1992). Sexual precedence reduces the perceived legitimacy of sexual refusal: An examination of attributions concerning date rape and consensual sex. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 756-764.
45. Spencer, C. C. (1987). Sexual assault: The second victimization. In L. L. Crites & W. L. Hepperle (Eds.), Women, the courts, and equality (pp. 54-73). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
46. Stacy, R. D., Prisbell, M., & Tollefsrud, K. (1992). A comparison of attitudes among college students toward sexual violence committed by strangers and acquaintances: A research report. Journal of Sex Education and Therapy, 18, 257-263.
47. Thornton, B., Robbins, M. A., & Johnson, J. A. (1981). Social perception of the rape victim's culpability: The influence of respondents' personal-environmental causal attribution tendencies. Human Relations, 3, 225-237.
48. Thornton, B., Ryckman, R. M., & Robbins, M. A. (1982). The relationships of observer characteristics to beliefs in the causal responsibility of victims of sexual assault. Human Relations, 35, 321-330.
49. Warshaw, R. (1988). I never called it rape: The Ms. report on recognizing, fighting, and surviving date and acquaintance rape. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
50. Weis, K., & Borges, S. (1973). Victimology and rape: The case of the legitimate victim. Issues in Criminology, 8, 71-113.