An electroencephalographic study comparing maximum blink rates in schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic psychiatric patients and nonpsychiatric control subjects

Biological Psychiatry

Volumn 43, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 282-287

  Swarztrauber, Kari ^a   Fujikawa, Denson G ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Affective disorder; Blink rate; Electroencephalography; Psychosis; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BLINKING; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DRUG EFFECT; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MENTAL PATIENT; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REST; SCHIZOPHRENIA; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 0032520026     PISSN: 00063223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00028-0     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Antervo A, Hari R, Katilla T, Ryhanen T, Seppanen M (1985): Magnetic fields produced by eye blinking. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 61:247-253.
2. Berg P, Scherg M (1991): Dipole models of eye movements and blinks. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 79:36-44.
3. Boutros NN, Hatch JP (1988): Blink rate on routine EEGs: Possible psychiatric significance. Biol Psychiatry 24:717-720.
4. Corby JC, Kopell BS (1972): Differential contributions of blinks and vertical eye movement as artifacts in EEG recording. Psychophysiology 9:640-644.
5. DeJong PJ, Merkelbach H (1990): Eyeblink frequency, rehearsal activity, and sympathetic arousal. Int J Neurosci 51:89-94.
6. Helms PM, Godwin CD (1985): Abnormalities of blink rate in psychosis: A preliminary report. Biol Psychiatry 20:94-119.
7. Karson CN (1983): Spontaneous eye-blink rates and dopaminergic systems, Brain 106:643-653.
8. Karson CN (1988): Physiology of normal and abnormal blinking. In: Jankovic J, Tolosa E, editors. Advances in Neurology, Vol. 49: Facial Dyskinesias. New York: Raven Press, pp 25-37.
9. Karson CN, Staub RA, Kleinman JE, Wyatt RJ (1981): Drug effect on blink rates in rhesus monkeys: Preliminary studies. Biol Psychiatry 16:249-254.
10. Karson CN, Goldberg TE, Leleszi JP (1986): Increased blink rate in adolescent patients with psychosis. Psychiatry Res 17:195-198.
11. Lins OG, Picton TW, Berg P, Scherg M (1993a): Ocular artifacts in EEG and event-related potentials: I. Scalp topography. Brain Topogr 6:51-63.
12. Lins OG, Picton TW, Berg P, Scherg M (1993b): Ocular artifacts in recording EEGs and event-related potentials: II. Source dipoles and source components. Brain Topogr 6:65-78.
13. Mackert A, Flechtner KM, Wyoth C, Frick K (1991): Increased blink rates in schizophrenics: Influences of neuroleptics and psychopathology. Schizophr Res 4:41-47.
14. Mackintosh JH, Kumar R, Kitamura T (1983): Blink rate in psychiatric illness. Br J Psychiatry 143:55-57.
15. Matsuo F, Peters JF, Reilly EL (1975): Electrical phenomena associated with movements of the eyelid. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 38:507-511.
16. Mueser KT, Dysken MW, Sussman S, Lyons JS, Davis JM (1984): Development of tolerance to neuroleptic-induced decreases in blink rate. Biol Psychiatry 19:617-621.
17. Ponder E, Kennedy WP (1928): On the act of blinking, Q J Exp Physiol 18:89-110.
18. Sokal RR, Rohlf FJ (1981): Biometry, 2nd ed. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company, pp 691-747.
19. Stevens JR (1978a): Disturbances of ocular movements and blinking in schizophrenia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 41:1024-1030.
20. Stevens JR (1978b): Eye blink and schizophrenia: Psychosis or tardive dyskinesia? Am J Psychiatry 135:223-225.
21. Tanaka Y, Yamaoka K (1993): Blink activity and task difficulty. Percept Mot Skills 77:55-66.
22. Verleger R (1993): Valid identification of blink artifacts: Are they larger than 50 μV in EEG records? Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 87:354-363.