Relation between semen quality and fertility: A population-based study of 430 first-pregnancy planners

Lancet

Volumn 352, Issue 9135, 1998, Pages 1172-1177

  Bonde, Jens Peter E ^a   Ernst, Erik ^b   Jensen, Tina Kold ^b   Hjollund I, Niels Henrik ^b   Kolstad, Henrik ^b   Henriksen, Tine Brink ^b   Scheike, Thomas ^b   Giwercman, Aleksander ^b   Olsen, Jørn ^b   Skakkebæk, Niels Erik ^b  

^a AARHUS UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONCEPTION; CONTRACEPTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MALE FERTILITY; MENSTRUAL CYCLE; NORMAL HUMAN; PREGNANCY RATE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SPERM; SPERMATOZOON COUNT; VAGINA BLEEDING;

EID: 0032505561     PISSN: 01406736     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)10514-1     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. 1 Macleod J. Semen quality in one thousand men of known fertility and in eight hundred cases of infertile marriage. Fertil Steril 1951; 2: 115-39.
2. 2 Belsey MA. WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and semen/cervical mucus interaction. Singapore: WHO Press Concern, 1980.
3. 3 Rowe PJ, Comhaire FH, Hargreave TB, Mellows HJ. WHO manual for the standardised investigation and diagnosis of the infertile couple. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
4. 4 Comhaire FH. Methods to evaluate reproductive health of the human male. Reprod Toxicol 1993; 7: 39-46.
5. 5 Meistrich ML, Brown CC. Estimation of the increased risk of human infertility from alterations in semen characteristics. Fertil Steril 1983; 40: 220-30.
6. 6 Bostofte E, Serup J, Rebbe H. Relation between sperm count and semen volume, and pregnancies obtained during a twenty-year follow-up period. Int J Androl 1982; 5: 267-75.
7. 7 Bostofte E, Serup J, Rebbe H. Interrelations among the characteristics of human semen, and a new system for classification of male infertility. Fertil Steril 1984; 41: 95-102.
8. 8 Bostofte E, Bagger P, Michael A, Stakemann G. Fertility prognosis for infertile couples. Fertil Steril 1993; 59: 102-07.
9. 9 Collins J, Garner J, Wilson E, Wrixon W, Casper R. A proportional hazard analysis of the clinical characteristics of infertile couples. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984; 148: 527-32.
10. 10 Dunphy B, Neal L, Cooke I. The clinical value of conventional semen analysis. Fertil Steril 1989; 51: 324-29.
11. 11 Gwatkin R, Collins J, Jarrell J, Kohut J, Miljer R. The value of semen analysis and sperm function assays in predicting pregnancy among infertile couples. Fertil Steril 1990; 53: 693-99.
12. 12 Aitken RJ, Ross A, Hargreave T, Richardson D, Best F. Analysis of human sperm function following exposure to the ionophore A23187: comparison of normospermic and oligozoospermic men. J Androl 1984; 5: 321-29.
13. 13 Glazener C, Kelly N, Weir M, David J, Cornes J, Hull M. The diagnosis of male infertility - prospective time-specific study of conception rates related to seminal analysis and post-coital sperm-mucus penetration and survival in otherwise unexplained infertility. Hum Reprod 1987; 2: 665-71.
14. 14 Wang C, Chan S, Ng M, et al. Diagnostic value of sperm function tests and routine semen analyses in fertile and infertile men. J Androl 1988; 9: 384-89.
15. 15 Polansky F, Lamb E. Do the results of semen analysis predict future fertility - a survival analysis study. Fertil Steril 1988; 49: 1059-65.
16. 16 Bonde J, Hjollund H, Jensen T, et al. A follow-up study of environmental and biological determinants of fertility among 430 Danish first pregnancy planners: design and methods. Reprod Toxicol 1998; 12: 19-27.
17. 17 Scheike T, Jensen TK. A discrete survival model with random effects: an application to time to pregnancy. Biometrics 1997; 53: 318-29.
18. 18 Hosmer D, Lemeshow S. Applied logistic regression. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1989.
19. 19 Chambers JM, Hastie JT. Statistical methods in S. Pacific Grave: Wadsworth and Brooks, 1992: 249-309.
20. 20 EUROMAC (European Concerned Action). Maternal alcohol consumption and its relation to the outcome of pregnancy and child development at 18 months. Int J Epidemiol 1992; 21 (suppl): S1-87.
21. 21 Olsen J. Options in making use of pregnancy history in planning and analyzing studies of reproductive failures. J Epidemiol Community Health 1998; 48: 171-74.
22. 22 Schwartz D, Laplanche A, Jouannet P, David G. Within-subject variability of human semen in regard to sperm count, volume and number of spermatozoa and length of abstinence. J Reprod Fertil 1979; 57: 391-95.
23. 23 Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR, O'Connor JF, et al. Incidence of early loss of pregnancy. N Engl J Med 1988; 319: 189-94.
24. 24 Zinaman MJ, Clegg ED, Brown CC, O'Connor J, Selevan SG. Estimates of human fertility and pregnancy loss. Fertil Steril 1996; 65: 503-09.
25. 25 Jelnes JE, Knudsen L. Stainless steel welding and semen quality. Reprod Toxicol 1988; 2: 209-12.
26. 26 Bonde J. Semen quality and sex hormones among mild steel and stainless steel welders: a cross sectional study. Br J Ind Med 1990; 47: 508-14.