Low circulating folate and vitamin B6 concentrations risk factors for stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and coronary artery disease

Circulation

Volumn 97, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 437-443

  Robinson, Killian ^a   Arheart, Kristopher ^a   Refsum, Helga ^h   Brattström, Lars ^b   Boers, Godfried ^c   Ueland, Per ^h   Rubba, Paolo ^d   Palma Reis, Roberto ^e   Meleady, Raymond ^h   Daly, Leslie ^f   Witteman, Jacqueline ^g   Graham, Ian ^h  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b KALMAR COUNTY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^c RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN   (Netherlands)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

^e HOSPITAL DE SÃO FRANCISCO XAVIER   (Portugal)

^f UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

^g ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^h NONE

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Cerebrovascular disorders; Coronary disease; Peripheral vascular disease; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

FOLIC ACID; HOMOCYSTEINE; METHIONINE; PYRIDOXINE;

ADULT; AMINO ACID BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; STROKE; VITAMIN BLOOD LEVEL; VITAMIN INTAKE;

EID: 0032501963     PISSN: 00097322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.97.5.437     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Wilcken DEL, Wilcken B. The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease: a possible role for methionine metabolism. J Clin Invest. 1976;57:1079-1082.
2. Boers GHJ, Smals AGH, Trijbels FJM, Fowler B, Bakkeren JAJM, Schoonderwaldt HC, Kleijer WJ, Kloppenborg PWC. Heterozygosity for homocystinuria in premature peripheral and cerebral occlusive arterial disease. N Engl J Med. 1985;313:709-715.
3. Brattström L, Israelsson B, Norrving B, Bergqvist D, Thörne J, Hultberg B, Hamfelt A. Impaired homocysteine metabolism in early-onset cerebral and peripheral occlusive arterial disease: effects of pyridoxine and folic acid treatment. Atherosclerosis. 1990;81:51-60.
4. Clarke R, Daly L, Robinson K, Naughten E, Cahalane S, Fowler B, Graham I. Hyperhomocysteinemia: an independent risk factor for vascular disease. N Engl J Med. 1991;324:1149-1155.
5. Malinow MR, Kang SS, Taylor LM, Wong PWK, Coull B, Inahara T, Mukerjee D, Sexton G, Upson B. Prevalence of hyperhomocyst(e)inemia in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Circulation. 1989;79:1180-1188.
6. Taylor LM Jr, DeFrang RD, Harris J Jr, Porter JM. The association of elevated plasma homocyst(e)ine with progression of symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg. 1991;13:128-136.
7. Arnesen E, Refsum H, Bonaa KH, Ueland PM, Forde OH, Nordrehaug JE. Serum total homocysteine and coronary heart disease. Int J Epidemiol. 1995;24:704-709.
8. Brattström L, Lindgren A, Israelsson B, Malinow MR, Norrving B, Upson B, Hamfelt A. Hyperhomocysteinaemia in stroke: prevalence, cause and relationships to type of stroke and stroke risk factors. Eur J Clin Invest. 1992;22:214-221.
9. Stampfer MJ, Malinow MR, Willett WC, Newcomer LM, Upson B, Ullmann D, Tishler PV, Hennekens CH. A prospective study of plasma homocyst(e)ine and risk of myocardial infarction in US physicians. JAMA. 1992;268:877-881.
10. Dudman NPB, Wilcken DEL, Wang J, Lynch JF, Macey D, Lundberg P. Disordered methionine/homocysteine metabolism in premature vascular disease: its occurrence, cofactor therapy, and enzymology. Arterioscler Thromb. 1993;13:1253-1260.
11. Wu LL, Wu J, Hunt SC, James BC, Vincent GM, Williams RR, Hopkins PN. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for early familial coronary artery disease. Clin Chem. 1994;40:552-561.
12. Pancharuniti N, Lewis CA, Sauberlich HE, Perkins LL, Go RCP, Alvarez JO, Macaluso M, Acton RT, Copeland RB, Cousins AL, Gore TB, Cornwell PE, Roseman JM. Plasma homocyst(e)ine, folate, and vitamin B12 concentrations and risk for early-onset coronary artery disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994;59:940-948.
13. Selhub J, Jacques PF, Bostom AG, D'Agostino RB, Wilson PWF, Belanger AJ, O'Leary DH, Wolf PA, Schaefer EJ, Rosenberg IH. Association between plasma homocysteine concentrations and extracranial carotid artery stenosis. N Engl J Med. 1995;332:286-291.
14. Robinson K, Mayer EL, Miller D, Green R, van Lente F, Gupta A, Kottke-Marchant K, Savon S, Selhub J, Nissen SE, Kutner M, Topol EJ, Jacobsen DW. Hyperhomocysteinemia and low pyridoxal phosphate: common and independent reversible risk factors for coronary artery disease. Circulation. 1995;92:2823-2830.
15. Graham IM, Daly LE, Refsum HM, Robinson K, Brattström L, Ueland P, Palma-Reis R, Boers G, Sheahan R, Israelsson B, Uiterwaal CS, Meleady R. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease: the European Concerted Action Project. JAMA. 1997;277:1775-1781.
16. Boushey CJ, Beresford SA, Omenn GC, Motulsky AG. A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease: probable benefits of increasing folk acid intakes. JAMA. 1995;274:1049-1057.
17. Stabler SP, Marcell PD, Podell ER, Allen RH, Savage DG, Lindenbaum J. Elevation of total homocysteine in the serum of patients with cobalamin or folate deficiency detected by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Clin Invest. 1988;81:466-474.
18. Brattström LE, Israelsson B, Lindgärde F, Hultberg B. Higher total plasma homocysteine in vitamin B12 deficiency than in heterozygosity for homocystinuria due to cystathionine β-synthase deficiency. Metabolism. 1988;37:175-178.
19. Selhub J, Jacques PF, Wilson PWF, Rush D, Rosenberg IH. Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocysteinemia in an elderly population. JAMA. 1993;270:2693-2698.
20. Mudd SH, Levy HL, Skovby F. Disorders of transsulfuration. In: Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, Valle D, eds. The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease. 7th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 1995:1279-1327.
21. Ueland PM, Refsum H, Brattström L. Plasma homocysteine and cardiovascular disease. In: Francis RB Jr, ed. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Hemostasis, and Endothelial Function. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker Inc; 1992:183-236.
22. Mayer EM, Jacobsen DW, Robinson K. Homocysteine and coronary atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;27:517-527.
23. Rosenblatt DS. Inherited disorders of folate transport and metabolism. In: Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, Valle D, eds. The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease. 7th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 1995:3111-3128.
24. Frosst P, Blom HJ, Milos R, Goyette P, Sheppard CA, Matthews RG, Boers GJH, den Heijer M, Kluijtmans LAJ. A candidate genetic risk factor for vascular disease: a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Nat Genet. 1995;10:111-113.
25. Kang S-S, Wong PWK, Susmano A, Sora J, Norusis M, Ruggie N. Thermolabile methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase: an inherited risk factor for coronary artery disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1991;48:536-545.
26. Boers G. Refinement of the methionine loading test. In: Robinson K, ed. Homocysteinaemia and Vascular Disease. Proceedings of an EC COMAC Epidemiology Expert Group Workshop. Luxembourg, Belgium: Commissioners of the European Communities; 1990:61-66.
27. Fiskerstrand T, Refsum H, Kvalheim G, Ueland PM. Homocysteine and other thiols in plasma and urine: automated determination and sample stability. Clin Chem. 1993;39:263-271.
28. Chen IW, Silberstein EB, Maxon HR, Volle CP, Sohnlein BH. Semiautomated system for simultaneous assays of serum vitamin B12 and folic acid in serum evaluated. Clin Chem. 1982;28:2161-2165.
29. Hamfelt A. A simplified method for determination of pyridoxal phosphate in biological samples. Ups J Med Sci. 1986;91:105-109.
30. Tietz NW, ed. Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1995.
31. Leklem JJ. Vitamin B6. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, eds. Modem Nutrition in Health, Disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lea & Febiger; 1994:383-394.
32. Brattström L, Lindgren A, Israelson B, Andersson A, Hultberg B. Homocysteine and cysteine: determinants of plasma levels in middle-aged and elderly subjects. J Int Med. 1994;236:633-641.
33. Morrison HI, Schaubel D, Desmeules M, Wigle DT. Serum folate and risk of fatal coronary heart disease. JAMA. 1996;275:1893-1896.
34. Kok FJ, Schrijver J, Hofman A, Witteman JC, Kruyssen DA, Remme WJ, Valkenburg HA. Low vitamin B6 status in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 1989;63:513-516.
35. Vermaak WJH, Barnard HC, Potgieter GM, Theron H du T. Vitamin B6 and coronary artery disease: epidemiological observations and case studies. Atherosclerosis. 1987;63:235-238.
36. Vermaak WJ, Barnard HC, Van Dalen EM, Potgieter GM, Van Jaarsveld H, Myburgh SJ. Compartmentalization of pyridoxal-5′-phosphate during the acute phase of myocardial infarction. Klin Wochenschr. 1988;66:428-433.
37. Rinehart JF, Greenberg LD. Arteriosclerotic lesions in pyridoxine-deficient monkeys. Am J Pathol. 1949;25:481-491.
38. Smolin LA, Crenshaw TD, Kurtycz D, Benevenga NJ. Homocyst(e)ine accumulation in pigs fed diets deficient in vitamin B-6: relationship to atherosclerosis. J Nutr. 1983;113:2122-2133.
39. Krishnamurthi S, Kakkar VV. Studies on the effect of platelet inhibitors on platelet adhesion to collagen and collagen-induced human platelet activation. Thromb Haemost. 1985;53:337-342.
40. Subbarao K, Kuchibhotla J, Kakkar VV. Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate: a new physiological inhibitor of blood coagulation and platelet function. Biochem Pharmacol. 1979;28:531-534.
41. Brattström L, Stavenow L, Galvard H, Nilsson-Ehle P, Berntorp E, Jerntorp P, Elmstahl S, Pessah-Rasmussen H. Pyridoxine reduces cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein and increases antithrombin III activity in 80-year-old men with low plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1990;50:873-877.
42. Franken DG, Boers GHJ, Blom HJ, Trijbels FJM, Kloppenborg PWC. Treatment of mild hyperhomocysteinemia in vascular disease patients. Arterioscler Thromb. 1994;14:465-470.
43. Ryan M, Robinson K, Clarke R, Refsum R, Ueland P, Graham I. Vitamin B6 and folate reduce homocysteine concentrations in coronary artery disease. Ir J Med Sci. 1993;162:197A. Abstract.
44. Naurath HJ, Joosten E, Reizler R, Stabler SP, Allen RH, Lindenbaum J. Effects of vitamin B12, folate, and vitamin B6 supplements in elderly people with normal serum vitamin concentrations. Lancet. 1995;346:85-89.
45. Brattström LE, Israelsson B, Jeppsson J-O, Hultberg BL. Folic acid: an innocuous means to reduce plasma homocysteine. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1988;48:215-221.
46. Landgren F, Israelsson B, Lindgren A, Hultberg B, Andersson A, Brattström L. Plasma homocysteine in acute myocardial infarction: homocysteine-lowering effect of folic acid. J Intern Med. 1995;237:381-388.
47. Ubbink JB, Vermaak WJH, van der Merwe A, Becker PJ. Vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, and folate nutritional status in men with hyperhomocysteinemia. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993;57:47-53.