메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 316, Issue 7125, 1998, Pages 100-105

Socioeconomic gradient in morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes: Cohort study findings from the Whitehall study and the WHO multinational study of vascular disease in diabetes

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAUSE OF DEATH; COHORT ANALYSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC ANGIOPATHY; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SMOKING; SOCIAL STATUS; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 0032501688     PISSN: 09598146     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.316.7125.100     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (168)

References (36)
  • 1
    • 0029832722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic differences in mortality among diabetic people in Finland: Five year follow up
    • Koskinen SVP, Martelin TP, Valkonen T. Socioeconomic differences in mortality among diabetic people in Finland: five year follow up. BMJ 1996;313:975-8.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.313 , pp. 975-978
    • Koskinen, S.V.P.1    Martelin, T.P.2    Valkonen, T.3
  • 2
    • 0029739543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of socioeconomic status on chronic disease risk behaviours among US adolescents
    • Lowry R, Kann L, Collins JL, Kolbe LJ. The effect of socioeconomic status on chronic disease risk behaviours among US adolescents. JAMA 1996;276:792-7.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.276 , pp. 792-797
    • Lowry, R.1    Kann, L.2    Collins, J.L.3    Kolbe, L.J.4
  • 3
    • 0027500457 scopus 로고
    • Influences on control in diabetes mellitus: Patient, doctor, practice, or delivery of care
    • Pringle M, Stewart-Evans C, Coupland C, Williams I, Allison S, Sterland J. Influences on control in diabetes mellitus: patient, doctor, practice, or delivery of care. BMJ 1993;306:630-4.
    • (1993) BMJ , vol.306 , pp. 630-634
    • Pringle, M.1    Stewart-Evans, C.2    Coupland, C.3    Williams, I.4    Allison, S.5    Sterland, J.6
  • 4
    • 0028781707 scopus 로고
    • Monitoring and promoting equity in primary and secondary care
    • Majeed FA, Chaturvedi N, Reading R, Ben-Shlomo Y. Monitoring and promoting equity in primary and secondary care. BMJ 1994;308:1426-9.
    • (1994) BMJ , vol.308 , pp. 1426-1429
    • Majeed, F.A.1    Chaturvedi, N.2    Reading, R.3    Ben-Shlomo, Y.4
  • 5
    • 0029863061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between socioeconomic status and diabetes control and complications in the EURODIAB IDDM complications study
    • Chaturvedi N, Stephenson JM, Fuller JH, The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study Group. The relationship between socioeconomic status and diabetes control and complications in the EURODIAB IDDM complications study. Diabetes Care 1996;19:423-30.
    • (1996) Diabetes Care , vol.19 , pp. 423-430
    • Chaturvedi, N.1    Stephenson, J.M.2    Fuller, J.H.3
  • 6
    • 0022389276 scopus 로고
    • The Pittsburgh insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) morbidity and mortality study: Case-control analyses of risk factors for mortality
    • Dorman JS, Tajima N, LaPorte RE, Becker DJ, Cruickshanks KJ, Wagener DK, et al. The Pittsburgh insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) morbidity and mortality study: case-control analyses of risk factors for mortality. Diabetes Care 1985;8(suppl 1):54-60.
    • (1985) Diabetes Care , vol.8 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 54-60
    • Dorman, J.S.1    Tajima, N.2    LaPorte, R.E.3    Becker, D.J.4    Cruickshanks, K.J.5    Wagener, D.K.6
  • 7
    • 0029938530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic and behavioural risk factors for mortality of individuals with IDDM in Japan: Population-based case-control study
    • Matsushima M, Shimizu K, Maruyama M, Nishimura R, LaPorte RE, Tajima N, for the Diabetes Epidemiology Research International (DERI) US-Japan Mortality Study Group. Socioeconomic and behavioural risk factors for mortality of individuals with IDDM in Japan: population-based case-control study. Diabetologia 1996;39:710-6.
    • (1996) Diabetologia , vol.39 , pp. 710-716
    • Matsushima, M.1    Shimizu, K.2    Maruyama, M.3    Nishimura, R.4    LaPorte, R.E.5    Tajima, N.6
  • 8
    • 0023938684 scopus 로고
    • The preventability of 'premature mortality': An investigation of early diabetes deaths
    • Will JC, Connell FA. The preventability of 'premature mortality': an investigation of early diabetes deaths. Am J Public Health 1988;78:831-3.
    • (1988) Am J Public Health , vol.78 , pp. 831-833
    • Will, J.C.1    Connell, F.A.2
  • 10
    • 29744445053 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of small vessel and large vessel disease in diabetic patients from 14 centres. The World Health Organisation multinational study of vascular disease in diabetics
    • Diabetes Drafting Group. Prevalence of small vessel and large vessel disease in diabetic patients from 14 centres. The World Health Organisation multinational study of vascular disease in diabetics. Diabetologia 1985;28:615-40.
    • (1985) Diabetologia , vol.28 , pp. 615-640
  • 11
    • 0025824509 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of macrovascular disease in diabetes mellitus: The London cohort of the WHO multinational study of vascular disease in diabetics
    • Morrish NJ, Stevens LK, Fuller JH, Keen H, Jarrett RJ. Incidence of macrovascular disease in diabetes mellitus: the London cohort of the WHO multinational study of vascular disease in diabetics. Diabetologia 1991;34:584-9.
    • (1991) Diabetologia , vol.34 , pp. 584-589
    • Morrish, N.J.1    Stevens, L.K.2    Fuller, J.H.3    Keen, H.4    Jarrett, R.J.5
  • 12
    • 0004101112 scopus 로고
    • London: HMSO
    • Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. Classification of occupations. London: HMSO, 1980.
    • (1980) Classification of Occupations
  • 15
    • 0029962963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excess mortality and its relation to hypertension and proteinuria in diabetic patients
    • Wang S-L, Mead J, Stevens L, Fuller JH, World Health Organization Multinational Study Group. Excess mortality and its relation to hypertension and proteinuria in diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 1996;19:305-12.
    • (1996) Diabetes Care , vol.19 , pp. 305-312
    • Wang, S.-L.1    Mead, J.2    Stevens, L.3    Fuller, J.H.4
  • 16
    • 0030746235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Which features of smoking determine mortality risk in former cigarette smokers with diabetes?
    • Chaturvedi N, Stevens L, Fuller JH, the World Health Organisation Multinational Study Group. Which features of smoking determine mortality risk in former cigarette smokers with diabetes? Diabetes Care 1997;20:1266-72.
    • (1997) Diabetes Care , vol.20 , pp. 1266-1272
    • Chaturvedi, N.1    Stevens, L.2    Fuller, J.H.3
  • 18
    • 0030047890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic status in people with diabetes
    • Unwin N, Binns D, Elliot K, Kelly WF. The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic status in people with diabetes. Diabetic Med. 1996;13:72-9.
    • (1996) Diabetic Med. , vol.13 , pp. 72-79
    • Unwin, N.1    Binns, D.2    Elliot, K.3    Kelly, W.F.4
  • 19
    • 0027522278 scopus 로고
    • Influence of social deprivation on illness in diabetic patients
    • Kelly WK, Mahmood R, Kelly MJ, Turner S, Elliott K. Influence of social deprivation on illness in diabetic patients. BMJ 1993;307:1115-6.
    • (1993) BMJ , vol.307 , pp. 1115-1116
    • Kelly, W.K.1    Mahmood, R.2    Kelly, M.J.3    Turner, S.4    Elliott, K.5
  • 20
    • 0028364113 scopus 로고
    • Geographical mapping of diabetic patients from the deprived inner city shows less insulin therapy and more hyperglycaemia
    • Kelly WF, Mahmood R, Turner S, Elliot K. Geographical mapping of diabetic patients from the deprived inner city shows less insulin therapy and more hyperglycaemia. Diabetic Med 1994;11:344-8.
    • (1994) Diabetic Med , vol.11 , pp. 344-348
    • Kelly, W.F.1    Mahmood, R.2    Turner, S.3    Elliot, K.4
  • 21
    • 0029934735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic status and clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in diabetic patients
    • Connolly VM, Kesson CM. Socioeconomic status and clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 1996;19:419-22.
    • (1996) Diabetes Care , vol.19 , pp. 419-422
    • Connolly, V.M.1    Kesson, C.M.2
  • 23
    • 0027524574 scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial correlates of glycemic control: The Pittsburgh epidemiology of diabetes complications (EDC) study
    • Lloyd CE, Wing RR, Orchard TJ, Berker DJ. Psychosocial correlates of glycemic control: the Pittsburgh epidemiology of diabetes complications (EDC) study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1993;21:187-95.
    • (1993) Diabetes Res Clin Pract , vol.21 , pp. 187-195
    • Lloyd, C.E.1    Wing, R.R.2    Orchard, T.J.3    Berker, D.J.4
  • 26
    • 0028891431 scopus 로고
    • Proteinuria and mortality in diabetes: The WHO multinational study of vascular disease in diabetes
    • Stephenson JM, Kenny S, Stevens LK, Fuller JH, Lee E, and the WHO Multinational Study Group. Proteinuria and mortality in diabetes: the WHO multinational study of vascular disease in diabetes. Diabetic Med 1995;12:149-55.
    • (1995) Diabetic Med , vol.12 , pp. 149-155
    • Stephenson, J.M.1    Kenny, S.2    Stevens, L.K.3    Fuller, J.H.4    Lee, E.5
  • 27
    • 0023252004 scopus 로고
    • Proteinuria: Value as predictor cardiovascular mortality in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Borch-Johnsen K, Kreiner S. Proteinuria: value as predictor cardiovascular mortality in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. BMJ 1987;294:1651-3.
    • (1987) BMJ , vol.294 , pp. 1651-1653
    • Borch-Johnsen, K.1    Kreiner, S.2
  • 28
    • 0028842272 scopus 로고
    • The Verona diabetes study: A population based survey on known diabetes mellitus prevalence and 5-year all-cause mortality
    • Muggeo M, Verlato G, Bonora E, Bressan F, Girotto S, Corbellini M, et al. The Verona diabetes study: a population based survey on known diabetes mellitus prevalence and 5-year all-cause mortality. Diabetologia 1995; 38:318-25.
    • (1995) Diabetologia , vol.38 , pp. 318-325
    • Muggeo, M.1    Verlato, G.2    Bonora, E.3    Bressan, F.4    Girotto, S.5    Corbellini, M.6
  • 29
    • 0027168853 scopus 로고
    • Mortality among type 2 diabetic individuals, and associated risk factors; the three city study
    • Spraflka JM, Pankow J, McGovern PG, French LR. Mortality among type 2 diabetic individuals, and associated risk factors; the three city study. Diabetic 1993;10:627-32.
    • (1993) Diabetic , vol.10 , pp. 627-632
    • Spraflka, J.M.1    Pankow, J.2    McGovern, P.G.3    French, L.R.4
  • 30
    • 0028826119 scopus 로고
    • Long-term glycemic control relates to mortality in type II diabetes
    • Andersson DK, Svardsudd K. Long-term glycemic control relates to mortality in type II diabetes. Diabetes Care 1995;18:1534-43.
    • (1995) Diabetes Care , vol.18 , pp. 1534-1543
    • Andersson, D.K.1    Svardsudd, K.2
  • 31
    • 0025851782 scopus 로고
    • Health inequalities among British civil servants: The Whitehall II study
    • Marmot MG, Davey Smith G, Stansfield S, Patel C, North F, Head J, et al. Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study. Lancet 1991;337:1387-93.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , pp. 1387-1393
    • Marmot, M.G.1    Davey Smith, G.2    Stansfield, S.3    Patel, C.4    North, F.5    Head, J.6
  • 32
    • 0000808397 scopus 로고
    • Mortality and alternative social classifications
    • Goldblatt P, ed. London: HMSO
    • Goldblatt P. Mortality and alternative social classifications. In: Goldblatt P, ed. Longitudinal study. Mortality and social organisation. London: HMSO, 1990:164-90.
    • (1990) Longitudinal Study. Mortality and Social Organisation , pp. 164-190
    • Goldblatt, P.1
  • 33
    • 0027371361 scopus 로고
    • Social deprivation and premature mortality: Regional comparisons across England
    • Eames M, Ben-Shlomo Y, Marmot MG. Social deprivation and premature mortality: regional comparisons across England. BMJ 1993;307:1097-102.
    • (1993) BMJ , vol.307 , pp. 1097-1102
    • Eames, M.1    Ben-Shlomo, Y.2    Marmot, M.G.3
  • 34
    • 0028060126 scopus 로고
    • The size of mortality differences associated with educational level in nine industrialised countries
    • Kunst AE, Mackenbach JP. The size of mortality differences associated with educational level in nine industrialised countries. Am J Public Health 1994;84:932-7.
    • (1994) Am J Public Health , vol.84 , pp. 932-937
    • Kunst, A.E.1    Mackenbach, J.P.2
  • 35
    • 0027370108 scopus 로고
    • The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and procession of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and procession of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993;329:977-86.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.329 , pp. 977-986
  • 36
    • 0028963260 scopus 로고
    • United Kingdom prospective diabetes study (UKPDS) 13: Relative efficacy of randomly allocated diet, sulphonylurea, insulin, or metformin in patients with newly diagnosed non-insulin dependent diabetes followed for three years
    • United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Group. United Kingdom prospective diabetes study (UKPDS) 13: relative efficacy of randomly allocated diet, sulphonylurea, insulin, or metformin in patients with newly diagnosed non-insulin dependent diabetes followed for three years. BMJ 1995;310:83-8.
    • (1995) BMJ , vol.310 , pp. 83-88


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.