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For catenanes where structure variations effect circumrotational dynamics, see: (a) Anelli, P.-L.; Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Delgado, M.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Goodnow, T. T.; Kaifer, A. E.; Philp. D.; Pietraszkiewicz, M.; Prodi, L.; Reddington, M. V.; Slawin, A. M. Z.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Vicent, C.; Williams, D. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 193 and references therein. For catenanes where solvent variations effect circumrotational dynamics and translational isomerism, see: (b) Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Menzer, S.; Pérez-García, L.; Prodi, L.; Stoddart, J. F.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. J Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11171 and references therein. For leading references to chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical driven macrocyclic ring motions in catenanes, see: (c) Livoreil, A.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Armaroli, N.; Balzani, V.; Flamigni, L.; Ventura, B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 12114. (d) Asakawa, M.; Ashton, P. R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Hamers, C.; Mattersteig G.; Montalti, M.; Shipway, A. N.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Tolley, M. S.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998, 37, 333.
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20
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11944264464
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For catenanes where structure variations effect circumrotational dynamics, see: (a) Anelli, P.-L.; Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Delgado, M.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Goodnow, T. T.; Kaifer, A. E.; Philp. D.; Pietraszkiewicz, M.; Prodi, L.; Reddington, M. V.; Slawin, A. M. Z.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Vicent, C.; Williams, D. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 193 and references therein. For catenanes where solvent variations effect circumrotational dynamics and translational isomerism, see: (b) Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Menzer, S.; Pérez-García, L.; Prodi, L.; Stoddart, J. F.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. J Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11171 and references therein. For leading references to chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical driven macrocyclic ring motions in catenanes, see: (c) Livoreil, A.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Armaroli, N.; Balzani, V.; Flamigni, L.; Ventura, B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 12114. (d) Asakawa, M.; Ashton, P. R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Hamers, C.; Mattersteig G.; Montalti, M.; Shipway, A. N.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Tolley, M. S.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998, 37, 333.
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21
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For catenanes where structure variations effect circumrotational dynamics, see: (a) Anelli, P.-L.; Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Delgado, M.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Goodnow, T. T.; Kaifer, A. E.; Philp. D.; Pietraszkiewicz, M.; Prodi, L.; Reddington, M. V.; Slawin, A. M. Z.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Vicent, C.; Williams, D. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 193 and references therein. For catenanes where solvent variations effect circumrotational dynamics and translational isomerism, see: (b) Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Menzer, S.; Pérez-García, L.; Prodi, L.; Stoddart, J. F.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. J Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11171 and references therein. For leading references to chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical driven macrocyclic ring motions in catenanes, see: (c) Livoreil, A.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Armaroli, N.; Balzani, V.; Flamigni, L.; Ventura, B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 12114. (d) Asakawa, M.; Ashton, P. R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Hamers, C.; Mattersteig G.; Montalti, M.; Shipway, A. N.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Tolley, M. S.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998, 37, 333.
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22
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For catenanes where structure variations effect circumrotational dynamics, see: (a) Anelli, P.-L.; Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Delgado, M.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Goodnow, T. T.; Kaifer, A. E.; Philp. D.; Pietraszkiewicz, M.; Prodi, L.; Reddington, M. V.; Slawin, A. M. Z.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Vicent, C.; Williams, D. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 193 and references therein. For catenanes where solvent variations effect circumrotational dynamics and translational isomerism, see: (b) Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Menzer, S.; Pérez-García, L.; Prodi, L.; Stoddart, J. F.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. J Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11171 and references therein. For leading references to chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical driven macrocyclic ring motions in catenanes, see: (c) Livoreil, A.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Armaroli, N.; Balzani, V.; Flamigni, L.; Ventura, B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 12114. (d) Asakawa, M.; Ashton, P. R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Hamers, C.; Mattersteig G.; Montalti, M.; Shipway, A. N.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Tolley, M. S.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998, 37, 333.
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84920311398
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note
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Some of the required parameters of the MM3 force field (e.g., the bending and torsional energy contributions arising from conjugated amide groups) were not available from commercial or public domain sources and were extrapolated from similar, parametrized functional group types.
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51
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84920311397
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Manuscript in preparation
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Deleuze, M. S.; Leigh, D. A.; Zerbetto, F. Manuscript in preparation. In this paper a full description of the many minima energy structures and transition states of the benzylic amide catenanes will be given along with full details of the modeling methods.
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Deleuze, M.S.1
Leigh, D.A.2
Zerbetto, F.3
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52
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84920311396
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note
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For the purposes of this study, a transition state is defined as a point on the potential energy surface whose energy gradient with respect to nuclear displacements is zero and whose Hessian matrix is characterized by only one negative eigenvalue.
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