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Volumn 120, Issue 26, 1998, Pages 6458-6467

Controlling the frequency of macrocyclic ring rotation in benzylic amide [2]catenanes

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MACROCYCLIC COMPOUND;

EID: 0032496950     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja974065m     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (101)

References (52)
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    • and references therein
    • For catenanes where structure variations effect circumrotational dynamics, see: (a) Anelli, P.-L.; Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Delgado, M.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Goodnow, T. T.; Kaifer, A. E.; Philp. D.; Pietraszkiewicz, M.; Prodi, L.; Reddington, M. V.; Slawin, A. M. Z.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Vicent, C.; Williams, D. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 193 and references therein. For catenanes where solvent variations effect circumrotational dynamics and translational isomerism, see: (b) Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Menzer, S.; Pérez-García, L.; Prodi, L.; Stoddart, J. F.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. J Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11171 and references therein. For leading references to chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical driven macrocyclic ring motions in catenanes, see: (c) Livoreil, A.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Armaroli, N.; Balzani, V.; Flamigni, L.; Ventura, B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 12114. (d) Asakawa, M.; Ashton, P. R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Hamers, C.; Mattersteig G.; Montalti, M.; Shipway, A. N.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Tolley, M. S.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998, 37, 333.
    • (1992) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.114 , pp. 193
    • Anelli, P.-L.1    Ashton, P.R.2    Ballardini, R.3    Balzani, V.4    Delgado, M.5    Gandolfi, M.T.6    Goodnow, T.T.7    Kaifer, A.E.8    Philp, D.9    Pietraszkiewicz, M.10    Prodi, L.11    Reddington, M.V.12    Slawin, A.M.Z.13    Spencer, N.14    Stoddart, J.F.15    Vicent, C.16    Williams, D.J.17
  • 20
    • 11944264464 scopus 로고
    • and references therein
    • For catenanes where structure variations effect circumrotational dynamics, see: (a) Anelli, P.-L.; Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Delgado, M.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Goodnow, T. T.; Kaifer, A. E.; Philp. D.; Pietraszkiewicz, M.; Prodi, L.; Reddington, M. V.; Slawin, A. M. Z.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Vicent, C.; Williams, D. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 193 and references therein. For catenanes where solvent variations effect circumrotational dynamics and translational isomerism, see: (b) Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Menzer, S.; Pérez-García, L.; Prodi, L.; Stoddart, J. F.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. J Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11171 and references therein. For leading references to chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical driven macrocyclic ring motions in catenanes, see: (c) Livoreil, A.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Armaroli, N.; Balzani, V.; Flamigni, L.; Ventura, B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 12114. (d) Asakawa, M.; Ashton, P. R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Hamers, C.; Mattersteig G.; Montalti, M.; Shipway, A. N.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Tolley, M. S.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998, 37, 333.
    • (1995) J Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.117 , pp. 11171
    • Ashton, P.R.1    Ballardini, R.2    Balzani, V.3    Credi, A.4    Gandolfi, M.T.5    Menzer, S.6    Pérez-García, L.7    Prodi, L.8    Stoddart, J.F.9    Venturi, M.10    White, A.J.P.11    Williams, D.J.12
  • 21
    • 0031576693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For catenanes where structure variations effect circumrotational dynamics, see: (a) Anelli, P.-L.; Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Delgado, M.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Goodnow, T. T.; Kaifer, A. E.; Philp. D.; Pietraszkiewicz, M.; Prodi, L.; Reddington, M. V.; Slawin, A. M. Z.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Vicent, C.; Williams, D. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 193 and references therein. For catenanes where solvent variations effect circumrotational dynamics and translational isomerism, see: (b) Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Menzer, S.; Pérez-García, L.; Prodi, L.; Stoddart, J. F.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. J Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11171 and references therein. For leading references to chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical driven macrocyclic ring motions in catenanes, see: (c) Livoreil, A.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Armaroli, N.; Balzani, V.; Flamigni, L.; Ventura, B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 12114. (d) Asakawa, M.; Ashton, P. R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Hamers, C.; Mattersteig G.; Montalti, M.; Shipway, A. N.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Tolley, M. S.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998, 37, 333.
    • (1997) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.119 , pp. 12114
    • Livoreil, A.1    Sauvage, J.-P.2    Armaroli, N.3    Balzani, V.4    Flamigni, L.5    Ventura, B.6
  • 22
    • 0032536465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For catenanes where structure variations effect circumrotational dynamics, see: (a) Anelli, P.-L.; Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Delgado, M.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Goodnow, T. T.; Kaifer, A. E.; Philp. D.; Pietraszkiewicz, M.; Prodi, L.; Reddington, M. V.; Slawin, A. M. Z.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Vicent, C.; Williams, D. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 193 and references therein. For catenanes where solvent variations effect circumrotational dynamics and translational isomerism, see: (b) Ashton, P. R.; Ballardini, R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Gandolfi, M. T.; Menzer, S.; Pérez-García, L.; Prodi, L.; Stoddart, J. F.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. J Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11171 and references therein. For leading references to chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical driven macrocyclic ring motions in catenanes, see: (c) Livoreil, A.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Armaroli, N.; Balzani, V.; Flamigni, L.; Ventura, B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 12114. (d) Asakawa, M.; Ashton, P. R.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Hamers, C.; Mattersteig G.; Montalti, M.; Shipway, A. N.; Spencer, N.; Stoddart, J. F.; Tolley, M. S.; Venturi, M.; White, A. J. P.; Williams, D. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998, 37, 333.
    • (1998) Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. , vol.37 , pp. 333
    • Asakawa, M.1    Ashton, P.R.2    Balzani, V.3    Credi, A.4    Hamers, C.5    Mattersteig, G.6    Montalti, M.7    Shipway, A.N.8    Spencer, N.9    Stoddart, J.F.10    Tolley, M.S.11    Venturi, M.12    White, A.J.P.13    Williams, D.J.14
  • 32
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    • For a class of amide-based catenanes where the macrocyclic rings cannot circumrotate, see: (j) Hunter, C. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 5303,
    • (1992) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.114 , pp. 5303
    • Hunter, C.A.1
  • 43
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    • For a review of 2D methods for determining the kinetics of exchange processes, see: (f) Perrin, C. L.; Dwyer, T. J. Chem. Rev. 1990, 90, 935.
    • (1990) Chem. Rev. , vol.90 , pp. 935
    • Perrin, C.L.1    Dwyer, T.J.2
  • 50
    • 84920311398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Some of the required parameters of the MM3 force field (e.g., the bending and torsional energy contributions arising from conjugated amide groups) were not available from commercial or public domain sources and were extrapolated from similar, parametrized functional group types.
  • 51
    • 84920311397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manuscript in preparation
    • Deleuze, M. S.; Leigh, D. A.; Zerbetto, F. Manuscript in preparation. In this paper a full description of the many minima energy structures and transition states of the benzylic amide catenanes will be given along with full details of the modeling methods.
    • Deleuze, M.S.1    Leigh, D.A.2    Zerbetto, F.3
  • 52
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    • note
    • For the purposes of this study, a transition state is defined as a point on the potential energy surface whose energy gradient with respect to nuclear displacements is zero and whose Hessian matrix is characterized by only one negative eigenvalue.


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