Long-term base cation mass balances for Swedish forests and the concept of sustainability

Forest Ecology and Management

Volumn 110, Issue 1-3, 1998, Pages 221-236

  Sverdrup, Harald ^a   Rosen, Kaj ^b  

^a LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Forest production; Mass balances; Soil acidification; Sustainability

Indexed keywords

FOREST MANAGEMENT; MASS BALANCE; SWEDISH FORESTS;

CALCIUM; CALCULATIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; HARVESTING; LYSIMETERS; MAGNESIUM; POSITIVE IONS; POTASSIUM; SOILS; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT;

FORESTRY;

CALCIUM; CATION; FOREST SOIL; MAGNESIUM; MASS BALANCE; POTASSIUM; SUSTAINABILITY;

SWEDEN;

EID: 0032487548     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00283-7     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Bahn, P., Flenley, J., 1982. Easter Island, Earth Island, Book published by Thames and Hudson, London.
2. Barkman, A., 1997. Applying the critical loads concept: Constraints induced by data uncertainty, Reports in Ecology and Environmental Engineering, vol. 1. ISSN 1104-2877/ISRN LUTKDH/TKKT-3012-SE Chemical Engineering, Lund University, pp. 1-121.
3. Barkman, A., Sverdrup, H., 1996. Critical loads of acidity and nutrient imbalance for forest ecosystems in Skåne, Reports in Ecology and Environmental Engineering, vol. 1. ISSN 1104-2877/ISRN LUTKDH/TKKT-3009-SE Chemical Engineering, Lund University, pp. 1-67.
4. Eriksson H., Jönsson C. Four tree species and the calcium, magnesium and potassium budgets of a Swedish forest site. New Zealand J. For. 24:1994;415-426.
5. Jönsson C., Warfvinge P., Sverdrup H. Uncertainty in prediction of weathering rate and environmental stress factors with the PROFILE model. Water, Air Soil Poll. 81:1995;1-23.
6. Kimmins, J.P., Binkley, D., Chatarpaul, L., de Catanzaro, J., 1985. Biogeochemistry of temperate forest ecosystems; Literature on inventories and dynamics of biomass and nutrients. Information Report PI-X-47E/F.
7. Langan, S., Sverdrup, H., Cull, M., 1996, Calculation of base cation release from the chemical weathering of Scottish soils using the PROFILE model. In: Grennfelt, P.I., Wisniewski, J. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Acid Reign 95? Conference, Water, Air Soil Poll. J., Kluwer, Amsterdam, p. 6.
8. Lovelock, J., 1991. Healing Gaia, practical medicine for the planet, Harmony Books.
9. Olsson, M., Melkerud, P.-A., 1987. Pedogenetic alterations in sandy till in Southern Sweden. In: Paçes, T. (Ed.), Geochemical Monitoring in Small Representative Catchments, Proceedings of the Geomon workshop, pp. 102-104.
10. Olsson, M., Melkerud, P.A., 1990. Determination of weathering rates based on geochemical properties of the soil. In: Pulkinene, E. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Conference on Environmental Geochemistry in Northern Europe, Vol. Symposium series No. 34, Geological Survey of Finland, pp. 45-61.
11. Olsson M., Rosen K., Melkerud P.A. Regional modelling of base cation losses from Swedish forest soils due to whole-tree harvesting. Applied Geochem. Supp. (Supp. Issue). 2:1993;189-194.
12. Sveriges Offentliga Utredningar, 1992. Skogspolitiken innför 2000-talet, Huvudbetenkande, Bilagor I, Bilagor II; 1990 års skogspolitiska kommitte SOU, p. 76.
13. Sverdrup, H., 1990. The Kinetics of Chemical Weathering, Lund University Press.
14. Sverdrup H. Critical loads and the BC/Al-ratio as indicator of soil acidification effects on tree growth. Kungliga Skogs- och Lantbruksakademiens tidskrift. 134:1995;77-100.
15. Sverdrup H., Warfvinge P. Weathering of primary silicate minerals in the natural soil environment in relation to a chemical weathering model. Water, Air Soil Poll. 38:1988;387-408.
16. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P., 1993a. Calculating field weathering rates using a mechanistic geochemical model - PROFILE, J. Appl. Geochem. 8, 273-283.
17. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P., 1993b. Soil acidification effect on growth of trees, grasses and herbs, expressed by the (Ca+Mg)/Al ratio, Reports in Environmental Engineering and Ecology 93(1), 1-1348. Department of Chemical Engineering II, Box 124, Chemical Center, Institute of Technology, Lund University. 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
18. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P., 1995a. Critical loads of acidity for Swedish forest ecosystems, Ecological Bulletins 44, 75-89.
19. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P., 1995b. Estimating field weathering rates using laboratory kinetics. In: White, A.F., Brantley, S.L. (Eds.), Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals, Mineralogical Society of America, Reviews in Mineralogy, vol. 31. Washington D.C., pp. 485-541.
20. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P., Rosen, K., 1994. Critical loads of acidity and nitrogen for Swedish forest ecosystems, and the relationship to soil weathering. In: Raitio, H., Kilponen, T. (Eds.), Critical Loads and Critical Limit Values, Metsäntutkimuslaitoksen tiedonantoja 513, Vaasa, Finland, pp. 109-138.
21. Sverdrup, H., Warfvinge, P., Wickman, T., 1996. Estimating the weathering rate at Gårdsjön using different methods. In: Hultberg, H., Skeffington, R. (Eds.), Experimental Reversal of Acid Rain Effects. The Gårdsjön Project, John Wiley Science, London, p. 19.
22. Sverdrup H., Warfvinge P., Blake L., Goulding K. Modeling recent and historic soil data from the Rothamsted Experimental Station, England, using SAFE. Agricul. Ecosys. Poll. 53:1995;161-177.
23. Ulrich, B., 1985. Interaction of indirect and direct effects of air pollutants in forests. In: Troyanowsky, C. (Ed.), Air Pollution and Plants, Gesellschaft Deutsche Chemiker, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, pp. 149-181.
24. Ulrich, B., Matzner, E., 1988. Research sites in the Solling area-changes in the ecosystem. In: Krahl-Urban, B., Papke, H.E., Peters, K., Schimansky, C. (Eds.), Forest Decline, Juelich Research Center, Germany and US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C., pp. 44-49.
25. Velbel M. Geochemical mass balances and weathering rates in forested watersheds in Southern Blue Ridge. Am. J. Sci. 285:1985;904-930.
26. Velbel, M., 1986. The mathematical basis for determining rates of geochemical and geomorphic processes in small forested watersheds by mass balance. Examples and implications. In: Coleman, S., Dethier, D. (Eds.), Rates of Chemical Weathering of Rocks and Minerals, Academy Press, pp. 439-451.
27. Warfvinge, P., Sverdrup, H., 1995. Critical loads of acidity to Swedish forest soils, methods, data and results. Reports in ecology and environmental engineering 5, 1-104. Chemical Engineering, Lund University.
28. Warfvinge P., Falkengren-Grerup U., Sverdrup H. Modeling long-term base supply to acidified forest stands. Environ. Poll. 80:1993;1-13.
29. Warfvinge, P., Sverdrup, H., Alveteg, M., Rietz, F., 1996. Modelling geochemistry and lake pH since glaciation at Lake Gårdsjön. In: Grennfelt, P.I., Wisniewski, J. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Acid Reign 95? Conference, Water, Air Soil Poll. J., Kluwer, Amsterdam, p. 6.
30. Warfvinge, P., Sverdrup, H., Ågren, G., Rosen, K., 1992. Effekter av luftföroreningar på framtida skogstillväxt, Skogspolitiken inför 2000-talet - 1990 års skogspolitiska kommitte, Statens Offentliga Utredningar 76, pp. 377-412.
31. Zöttl, H., Aldinger, E., 1988. Research site; Freudenstadt (Northern Black Forest); Damage to Norway Spruce. In: Krahl-Urban, B., Papke, H.E., Peters, K., Schimansky, C. (Eds.), Forest Decline, Juelich Research Center, Germany and US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C., pp. 93-94.